xamlibrary.files.wordpress.com · 8 ©Vision IAS 39. With reference to different zones of an ocean

8 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS

39. With reference to different zones of an ocean

ecosystem, consider the following

statements:

1. Littoral zone is the seashore area

between the highest high tide and lowest

low tide levels.

2. Neritic zone is rich in phytoplankton and

zooplankton.

3. Benthic zone has limited production due

to low nutrient supply.

Which of the statements given above are

correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 2 and 3 only

40. Which of the following statements is/are

correct about 'catalytic converters' used in

vehicles?

1. It converts toxic exhaust gases and

pollutants into less-toxic form.

2. Vehicles equipped with catalytic

converters should use unleaded petrol.

Select the correct answer using the code

given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

41. Consider the following with respect to the

objectives of Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972:

1. It aims to protect and preserve different

species of plants.

2. It deals with declaration and

organisation of Biosphere Reserves.

3. It provides for the ban on hunting of

wildlife.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

42. In the context of agro-ecosystem, mulching

and use of green manure leads to:

1. reduction in moisture loss.

2. reduction in soil erosion.

3. increased weed generation.


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

43. Consider the following pairs:

- Food Item - Adulterant

1. Black pepper : Papaya seeds

2. Red Chilli

powder

: Brick Powder

3. Butter : Water

4. Jaggery : Metanil yellow

Which of the pairs given above is/are

correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2 and 4 only

44. Which of the following agricultural practices

could be used to conserve agro-ecosystems?

1. The practice of inter-cropping.

2. Increasing genetic diversity within crop

species.

3. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers.


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials https://telegram.me/FreeUPSCMaterials https://telegram.me/MaterialforExam


45. Which of the following is/are the advantages

of genetic engineering technology?

1. Reducing the need for industrial

fertilizers.

2. Improving the efficiency of

photosynthesis in plants.

3. Development of disease resistant

varieties of crops.


given below.

(a) 3 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

46. Which of the following sources can lead to

soil pollution?

1. Industrial waste

2. Chemical fertilizers

3. Biomedical waste

4. Domestic waste


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1, 2 and 4 only

(c) 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

47. Positive interactions between living

organisms are those interactions in which

both species are benefitted and no harm is

caused to any interacting species. Which of

the following represent positive

interaction(s)?

1. Mutualism

2. Proto-cooperation

3. Parasitism


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

48. In the context of environment and ecology,

the phagotrophs are:

(a) Producers

(b) Consumers

(c) Decomposers

(d) None of the above


- Greenhouse

Gas

- Source

1. Methane : Rotting Garbage

2. Nitrous oxide : Burning Fossil

Fuels

3. Chlorofluoroc

arbons

: Aerosol Sprays


correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

50. Heavy metal pollutants can be released by

which of the following industries?

1. Paper and pulp

2. Chemical fertilizers

3. Nuclear power


given below.

(a) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 3 only

51. With reference to acid rain, consider the

following statements:

1. It is caused due to oxides of sulphur and

nitrogen in the atmosphere.

2. It can lead to leaching of heavy metals

into the supply of drinking water.

3. Its likelihood decreases with the

presence of particulate matter in the air.


correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1 and 3 only



52. With respect to Detritus Food Chain,

consider the following statements:

1. It begins with the production of organic

matter by producers.

2. The energy and nutrient requirements

are met by degrading dead organic

matter.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

53. Consider the following pairs related to tribes

associated with conservation of biodiversity:

- Tribes/Castes - State

1. Kolis : Maharashtra

2. Ezhavas : Assam

3. Kodavas : Karnataka


correctly matched?

(a) 2 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

54. Which of the following methods can aid

in effective waste management?

1. Segregation of waste into dry and wet

waste at source.

2. Deposition of non-biodegradable

materials in landfills.

3. Providing protective device such as

gloves and gas masks to rag pickers.


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

55. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) emissions can lead

to:

1. corrosion of metals

2. discolouration of buildings

3. global warming


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

56. With reference to biomass gasification,

which of the following statements is/are

correct?

1. It refers to the technique of converting

biomass into a combustible gas.

2. It can be used for generating electricity.

3. It is a renewable source of energy.


given below.

(a) 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

57. Which of the following Food Pyramids can

be both upright and inverted?

1. Pyramid of Numbers

2. Pyramid of Biomass

3. Pyramid of Energy


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3



58. The illegal collection and patenting of the

biological materials originally belonging to

some other community, state or nation refers

to:

(a) Biopatenting

(b) Bio-piracy

(c) Bioprospecting


59. Consider the following statements

regarding biodegradable pollutants:

1. They refer to those pollutants which can

be degraded by microbial actions.

2. All plastics and glass wastes fall under

the category of biodegradable pollutants.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

60. Which of the following disasters may be

mitigated by a ban on the felling of trees?

1. Landslide

2. Drought

3. Flood


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

61. Bharat Stage & Euro Norms seek to curb:

1. Vehicular Emissions

2. Radioactive Emissions

3. Industrial Effluents


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

62. Food additives can be used to improve

which of the following properties of food?

1. Colour

2. Flavour

3. Shelf life


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

63. Which of the following pollutants are

directly emitted by vehicle exhaust?

1. Carbon Monoxide

2. Ozone

3. Particulate Matter

4. Methane


given below.

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 2 and 4 only

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

64. The Government has launched a dedicated

conservation project for which of the

following?

1. Tiger

2. Elephant

3. Crocodile


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3

(d) 2 and 3 only



65. Consider the following pairs regarding

drinking water pollutant and their impact on

health:

- Pollutant - Impact on health

1. Fluorides : Brown spots on

teeth

2. Lead : Damage to the liver

3. Nitrates : Blue baby syndrome


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

66. Consider the following statements with

respect to Trade Records Analysis of Flora

and Fauna in International Commerce

(TRAFFIC) :

1. It has been established under the aegis of

Conservation International.

2. It is concerned with monitoring of both

the legal as well as the illegal trade in

wildlife across the world.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

67. Which of the following is/are considered as

abiotic components of an ecosystem?

1. Dead organic matter

2. Sunlight

3. Soil texture and topography


given below.

(a) 2 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

68. Which of the following best describes the

Gross Primary Productivity of an

ecosystem?

(a) The rate of production of organic matter

during photosynthesis.

(b) The rate of production of organic matter

during photosynthesis minus respiration

losses.

(c) The rate of formation of the new organic

matter by consumers.

(d) None of the above.

69. Which among the following statements

is/are correct about atmospheric carbon

dioxide?

1. It is released during the manufacture of

cement.

2. Its amount increases due to deforestation.

3. An increase in its amount is mainly

responsible for oceanic acidification.


given below.

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 1, 2 and 3

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1 only

70. Which of the following factors is/are

responsible for land degradation?

1. Practice of shifting cultivation

2. Overgrazing

3. Usage of pesticides in agricultural land


given below.

(a) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 only

(d) 1 only



71. Which of the following are natural

ecosystem?

1. Ocean

2. Desert

3. River

4. Aquarium

5. Garden


given below.

(a) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only

(b) 1, 3 and 5 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3 only

(d) 3, 4 and 5 only

72. With reference to Liquefied Petroleum Gas

(LPG), which of the following statements

is/are correct?

1. It is a by-product obtained from the

refining of crude oil.

2. It is mainly composed of butane, propane

and ethane.

3. It is an odourless gas.


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

73. Which among the following are potential

tidal power sites in India?

1. Gulf of Cambay

2. Gulf of Kutch

3. Sunderbans delta.


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

74. The phenomenon of concentrated deposition

of toxic chemical in the tissue of a particular

organism is called as:

(a) Bioaccumulation

(b) Biomagnification

(c) Biotransformation

(d) Biosparging

75. With reference to environment, the term

'Green chemistry' refers to

(a) A production process that would bring

about minimum pollution or

deterioration to the environment.

(b) The study of photosynthetic activity in

plants.

(c) The science of producing climate

resilient plants using artificial plant

hormones.

(d) Production of crop using inorganic

fertilizers.

76. With respect to humus, consider the

following statements:

1. It is formed by deposition of volcanic

ash in river beds.

2. It exhibits low resistance to microbial

actions.

3. It acts as a reservoir of nutrients.


correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 2 and 3 only



77. The presence of which of the following

results in the formation of Photochemical

Smog?

1. Nitric Oxide

2. Acrolein

3. Formaldehyde

4. Sulphur Dioxide


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 4 only

(c) 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3 only

78. Which of the following is/are the possible

effects of climate change on Agriculture?

1. Increased incidences of pest infections.

2. Abnormally fast growth of crops.

3. Inducing of early flowering.


given below.

(a) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1 and 2 only

79. Which of the following is/are the functions

of Biosphere reserves?

1.Conservation of ecosystems, species and

other resources.

2.Promotion of economic development.

3.Promotion of scientific research and

education.


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

80. Which of the following biosphere reserves in

India is/are part of UNESCO World

Network of Biosphere Reserves?

1. Nilgiris Biosphere Reserve

2. Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve

3. Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

81. Which of the following adaptation(s) can be

found in the flora of hot and dry deserts?

1. Storage of water in stems and roots

2. Glossy and waxy leaves

3. Long deep roots


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3


- National

Park

- State

1. Bandhavgarh : Madhya Pradesh

2. Dudhwa : Assam

3. Dachigam : Sikkim

4. Tadoba Maharashtra

Which of the pairs given above are correctly

matched?

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 2 and 4 only

(c) 1 and 4 only

(d) 2 and 3 only



83. Which of the following best describes the

term 'Spring Shock'?

(a) It is the release of sulphuric acid in

water bodies due to the melting of snow

in Spring season.

(b) It is the sudden change in air

temperature at the onset of spring

season.

(c) It is the immediate warming of aquatic

habitats at the onset of summer seasons.

(d) It is the increase in water pollution due

to increased evaporation from water

bodies.

84. Which of the following is /are food

colorants?

1. Congo Red

2. Orange I

3. Lead Chromate


given below.

(a) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 only

(d) 2 and 3 only

85. Basel convention enforced in 1992 deals

with

(a) control of the transboundary movement

of hazardous waste and their disposal.

(b) agreement on the conservation and

management of migratory birds.

(c) controlling marine pollution and

enhancing marine productivity.

(d) protection of wetlands from land based

activities.

86. Which of the following is the correct

sequence of food chain in a Marsh

community?

(a) Butterfly-Frog-Snake-Hawk

(b) Butterfly-Frog-Hawk-Snake

(c) Butterfly-Snake-Frog-Hawk

(d) Frog-Butterfly-Hawk-Snake

87. Which of the following statements about

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

is/are correct?

1. It functions under the Ministry of

Environment, Forest and Climate

Change.

2. It was constituted under the Water

(Prevention and Control of Pollution)

Act, 1974.


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

88. With reference to Indian Forest Act, 1927,


1. It seeks to prohibit trade in rare and

endangered species.

2. It empowers the state government to

assign to the village community the rights

over reserve forest.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



89. Consider the following statements regarding

Fly ash:

1. It refers to light particles which tend to

fly around in hot flue gases.

2. Currently, there are no known methods

of removing it from the atmosphere.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

90. Which of the following factors will lead to

low productivity in agricultural production?

1. Practice of continuous intensive

cultivation

2. Heavy watering of agricultural fields

3. Small size of landholdings


given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1, 2 and 3

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1 only


coral reefs:

1. They are found mainly in tropical oceans

2. They can survive only above the sea-level.

3. They require shallow waters.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 3 only

(d) 1 and 3 only

92. Which among the following are examples of

terrestrial disasters?

1. Tropical Cyclone

2. Avalanche

3. Droughts

4. Volcanic Eruption


given below.

(a) 2, 3 and 4 only

(b) 2 and 4 only

(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(d) 1 and 3 only

93. Which of the following microorganisms

plays a significant role in composting?

1. Fungi

2. Bacteria

3. Virus


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

94. With reference to the Nitrogen Cycle, the

conversion of ammonia into nitrates takes

place in which of the following process?

(a) Nitrification

(b) Ammonification

(c) Denitrification


95. Which of the following fall under the

category of Primary pollutants?

1. Carbon Dioxide

2. Sulphur Dioxide

3. Peroxyacetyl Nitrate (PAN)


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3



96. Which of the following statements is/are

correct about particulate pollutants?

1. They are present in vehicle emissions.

2. Their effect on human health is

independent of the particle size.

3. They may be living organisms.


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

97. With reference to the term Eco-Efficiency,


1. It refers to the delivery of goods and

services that satisfy human needs while

reducing ecological impacts.

2. The term was coined by the World

Business Council for Sustainable

Development (WBCSD).


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

98. With reference to aquatic ecosystems,


1. In an aquatic ecosystem, the

concentration of carbon dioxide is higher

than the concentration of oxygen.

2. An increase in CO2 content in the

atmosphere decreases CO2 concentration

in the aquatic ecosystem.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

99. Which of the following techniques is/are

used by animals to avoid stress during

unfavourable conditions?

1. Hibernation

2. Aestivation

3. Diapause


given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3


the action of bacteria on organic waste in

water:

1. While aerobic bacteria increases the

amount of dissolved oxygen in water,

anaerobic bacteria decreases it.

2. While aerobic bacteria decomposes only

inorganic matter, anaerobic bacteria

decomposes both organic and inorganic

matter.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Copyright © by Vision IAS

All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of Vision IAS


xamlibrary.files.wordpress.com · 8 ©Vision IAS 39. With reference to different zones of an ocean

Documents

Transcript of xamlibrary.files.wordpress.com · 8 ©Vision IAS 39. With reference to different zones of an ocean