© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 22-2b Lymphatic Capillaries. Incomplete basement membrane...

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 22-2b Lymphatic Capillaries.

Incompletebasementmembrane

Lymphflow

Lymphocyte

To largerlymphatics

Areolartissue

Interstitial fluid

Plasma

Interstitialfluid

Bloodcapillary

Lymphaticcapillary

A sectional view indicating the movement of fluidfrom the plasma, through the tissues as interstitialfluid, and into the lymphatic system as lymph.

b

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Figure 22-2a Lymphatic Capillaries.

ArterioleSmoothmuscle

Endothelialcells

Lymphaticcapillary

Venule Interstitialfluid

Lymphflow

Blood capillaries Areolar tissue

The interwoven network formed by blood capillariesand lymphatic capillaries. Arrows indicate themovement of fluid out of blood capillaries andthe net flow of interstitial fluid and lymph.

a

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Figure 22-4 The Relationship between the Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System.

Azygos vein

a

Right internal jugular vein

Right jugular trunk

Right lymphatic duct

Right subclavian trunk

Right subclavian vein

Right bronchomediastinaltrunk

Superior vena cava (cut)

Rib (cut)

Drainageof right

lymphaticduct

Drainageof thoracicduct

Inferior vena cava (cut)

Right lumbar trunk

Brachiocephalicveins

Left internal jugular vein

Left jugular trunk

Left subclavian trunk

Left subclavian vein

Left bronchomediastinaltrunk

First rib (cut)

Highestintercostalvein

Thoracicduct

Thoraciclymph nodes

HemiazygosveinParietalpleura (cut)

Diaphragm

Cisterna chyli

Intestinal trunk

Left lumbar trunk

Thoracic duct

bThe thoracic duct carrieslymph originating in tissuesinferior to the diaphragmand from the left side of theupper body. The smaller rightlymphatic duct carries lymphfrom the rest of the body.

The thoracic duct empties into the left subclavianvein. The right lymphatic duct empties into theright subclavian vein.

p. 786


Figure 22-4a The Relationship between the Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System.

a

Drainageof right

lymphaticduct

Drainageof thoracicduct

The thoracic duct carrieslymph originating in tissuesinferior to the diaphragmand from the left side of theupper body. The smaller rightlymphatic duct carries lymphfrom the rest of the body. p. 786


Figure 22-7a Lymphoid Nodules.

The locations of the tonsilsa

Pharyngealtonsil

Palate

Palatinetonsil

Lingualtonsil

Pharyngealepithelium

Germinal centerswithin nodules

Pharyngeal tonsil LM × 40

p. 791


Figure 22-7b Lymphoid Nodules (Part 1 of 2).

b Diagrammatic view of aggregatedlymphoid nodule

Intestinal lumen

Aggregatedlymphoid nodule

in intestinal mucosa

Underlyingconnective tissue

Mucousmembrane

of intestinal wall Germinal center

p. 791


Figure 22-7b Lymphoid Nodules (Part 2 of 2).

b Diagrammatic view of aggregatedlymphoid nodule

Intestinal lumen

Underlyingconnective tissue

Aggretated lymphoid nodules LM × 20

Germinal center

Aggregatedlymphoid nodule

in intestinal mucosa

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Figure 22-8 The Structure of a Lymph Node (Part 1 of 2).

Hilum

Trabeculae

Medulla

Cortex

Subcapsularspace

Deep cortex(T cells)

Capsule Medullary cord(B cells and

plasma cells)

Afferentvessel

Outer cortex (B cells)

Medullary sinus

Lymph nodes

Lymphnodes

Lymphaticvessel

Lymph nodeartery and vein

Efferentvessel

p. 792


Figure 22-8 The Structure of a Lymph Node (Part 2 of 2).

Dendritic cells

Nuclei of B cells

Capillary

Capsule

Subcapsularspace

Outercortex

Germinalcenter

DividingB cell

p. 792


Figure 22-9a The Thymus.

Heart

a

Leftlobe

Thymus

Leftlung

Rightlung

Thyroid gland

Trachea

Right lobe

Diaphragm

The appearance and position of the thymusin relation to other organs in the chest.

p. 793


Figure 22-9b The Thymus.

b

Lobule

Septa

Rightlobe

Leftlobe

Anatomicallandmarks onthe thymus.

p. 793


Figure 22-9c The Thymus.

c

Medulla Septa Cortex

Lobule

Lobule

LM × 50The thymus gland

Fibrous septa divide the tissue of the thymus into lobulesresembling interconnected lymphoid nodules. p. 793


Figure 22-9d The Thymus.

d

Lymphocytes

Thymiccorpuscle

Thymicepithelial

cells

A thymic corpuscle LM × 550

Higher magnification reveals the unusualstructure of thymic corpuscles. The smallcells are lymphocytes in various stages ofdevelopment. p. 793


Figure 22-10a The Spleen.

Spleen

a

Rib

Pancreas

Aorta

Liver

Parietal peritoneum

Visceral peritoneum

Stomach

Diaphragm

Gastrosplenic ligament

Gastric area

Diaphragmatic surface

Spleen

Hilum

Renal area

Kidneys

A transverse section through the trunk, showing the typical position ofthe spleen projecting into the peritoneal cavity. The shape of the spleenroughly conforms to the shapes of adjacent organs.

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Figure 22-10b The Spleen.

b

Spleniclymphaticvessel

Splenic artery

Splenic vein

Hilum

Gastricarea

Renalarea

INFERIOR

SUPERIOR

A posterior view of the surface of an intact spleen, showingmajor anatomical landmarks. p. 795


Figure 22-10c The Spleen.

c

White pulp of splenic nodule

Capsule

Red pulp

Trabecularartery

Central artery insplenic nodule

The spleen

Spleen histology. White pulp is dominated by lymphocytes; itappears purple because the nuclei of lymphocytes stain verydarkly. Red pulp contains a large number of red blood cells.

LM × 50

p. 795

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 22-2b Lymphatic Capillaries. Incomplete basement membrane...

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