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© 2015 PACER Center
Introduction to Assistive Technology (AT) for Young Learners
Training materials created by the Technology to Improve Kids’ Educational Success (TIKES) Project, a project of PACER Center:
www.pacer.org/stc/tikes
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Intro to Assistive Technology (AT) for Young Learners Training materials created by PACER Center for Technology to Improve
Kids’ Educational Success (TIKES) Project
• Paula Goldberg, PACER Center Executive
Director
• Bridget Gilormini, Director Simon
Technology Center
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Federally Funded Early Childhood and Assistive Technology Grants
• Education priority based on research that shows assistive technology is underutilized with children with disabilities ages birth to 5
• One of three awarded in the country by Office of Special Education Programs OSEP U.S. Department of Education
• You play an important role in equipping not only yourselves but future early intervention and early childhood providers and teachers across the U.S.
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PACER Center
• An established parent center providing important information to parents and educators for more than 35 years
• Over 30 different programs available• www.pacer.org• 952-838-9000
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Simon Technology Center
• Celebrating over 27 years of assistive technology services and projects
• Dedicated to making the benefits of technology more accessible
• www.pacer.org/stc• 952-838-9000
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Session Agenda
1. What is assistive technology?
2. Continuum and categories of assistive technology
3. Hands-on with assistive technology
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Session Agenda
4. What the research says about assistive technology
5. Closing thoughts, questions, and evaluations
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What is Assistive Technology (AT)?
Any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of a child with a disability.
–IDEA 2004
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OSEP Part C Clarification Letter
“AT must serve a developmental purpose” by supporting the child’s ability to participate in everyday
activities.”
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Keep in Mind That…
• AT for infants and toddlers looks different than AT for students and adults
• AT for infants and toddlers is used to support a child’s development
• Many changes occur as young children grow which requires dynamic use of AT
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Why Use AT?
Assistive technology helps children ages birth to 5 with
disabilities participate in everyday activities in order
to grow and learn
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What Are the Benefits of AT?
• Enhance communication
• Increase independence
• Broaden life opportunities
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What Are the Benefits of AT?
• Increase participation
• Promote development
• Enhance learning • Boost self-
esteemMeet Mason
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True or False?
There are prerequisite skills that a child must have before using AT, including the understanding of cause and effect.
☐ True☐ FalsePage 14
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No Prerequisites
There are no prerequisites for using AT.
(Dugan, et al., 2006; Wilcox, et al., 2006; Wilcox, et al., 2006)
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True or False?
Assistive technology can hinder development.
☐ True☐ False
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Research
Research supports that in even a short amount of time, the introduction of assistive technology can make a large difference.
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Research
Data suggests that the use of AT can significantly improve outcomes for infants and toddlers and improve both socio-emotional and pre-academic skills.
(Campbell, et al., 2006; Dugan, et al., 2006; Moody, 2012; Wilcox, et al., 2006)
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The Assistive Technology Continuum
Without Any Medium TechnologyTechnology Relatively Complicated
Simple Modifications Mechanical Devices
Low Technology High Technology
Less Sophisticated Very Advanced Affordable Tools Incorporate
Computers
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The Assistive Technology Continuum
Without Any Technology Simple Modifications
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The Assistive Technology Continuum
Low Technology Less SophisticatedAffordable Tools
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The Assistive Technology Continuum
Medium TechnologyRelatively ComplicatedMechanical Devices
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The Assistive Technology Continuum
High Technology Very AdvancedIncorporate Computers
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Categories of Assistive Technology
• Aids to daily living
• Mobility and positioning
• Vision and hearing
• Computer access Page 24
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Categories of Assistive Technology
• Education
• Communication
• Recreation
• Sensory aids
• Environmental control
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Aids for Daily Living
• Feeding and eating aids• Dressing and grooming aids• Bathing and toileting aids• Executive function aids• Sleeping aids• Fine motor development
aidsPage 26
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Mobility and Positioning
• Wheelchair• Gait trainer• Walker• Positioning
aids• Stander
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Go Baby Go: Video
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Vision and Hearing
• Lighted visual display• Magnifiers• Braille display• Screen reader• Talking products• Digital book players• Alerting devices• Assisted listening devices
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Computer Access
• Alternative keyboards• Adapted mice• Guided computer
interface and safety controls
• Computer accessibility
• Switches• Switch interface
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Education
• Adapted books• Accessible books• Adapted paper• Adapted writing tools
and grips• Writing positioning
aids• Math manipulatives• Alternative calculators
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Communication
• Picture symbols• Single message
device• Mid-tech voice
output device• High-tech voice
output device
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Recreation
• Adapted arts and crafts
• Adapted sports equipment
• Adapted toys• Adapted play
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Sensory Aids
• Tactile toys and fidgets
• Auditory stimulation
• Deep pressure and weighted items
• Choice board with calming choices
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Environmental Controls
• Control access: – Direct, voice, switch,
remote, and eye gaze• Wired and wireless• Automated controls• Mobile device controls
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Hands-on with Assistive Technology
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Research
• Strong research-based evidence demonstrates the positive effects of many types of assistive technology to use with children ages birth to 5
• Particularly strong evidence supports the use of switches and visual supports
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Research
In a review of a number of studies done by Carl Dunst and others, a wide variety of assistive technology makes a noticeable difference in just a few
sessions of use with children.
Systematic Review of Studies Promoting the Use of Assistive Technology Devices by Young Children with Disabilities.
(Research Brief Volume 8, Number 1 2013)
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Effective Use of Assistive Technology
AT needs to be:• Used on a consistent
basis • Integrated into daily life • A part of daily activities
and routines• Used as a tool to
interact with others
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Closing Thoughts
Remember the child is the
focus; assistive technology is a tool to help the
child.Page 40
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Closing Thoughts
AT is a powerful tool that will
improve learning and positive outcomes for
children.
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Questions?
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Additional References
• Brennan, L. (2009). The impact of visual supports on the basic counting skills of students with Autism and typically developing preschool students. (Doctoral Dissertation). Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/304869540?accountid=26879. (304869540)
• Campbell, P. H., Milbourne, S., Dugan, L. M., & Wilcox, M. J. (2006). A review of evidence on practices for teaching young children to use assistive technology devices. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 26(1), 3-13. doi: 10.1177/02711214060260010101
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Contact Information
Technology Improves Kids Educational Success (TIKES)
Project:Pacer.org/stc/tikes
952-838-9000The TIKES Project is funded
by the Office of Special Education (OSEP)
TIKES is a project ofPACER Center
PACER.org | 952-838-9000 | 888-248-0822Page 44