© 2010 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning Menu Options: Chapter 7: Developing Your Memory Lecture/...

© 2010 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning

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Chapter 7: Developing Your Memory

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You’re About to Discover…You’re About to Discover…You’re About to Discover…You’re About to Discover…

• Why memory is a process, not a thingWhy memory is a process, not a thing

• How your memory works like a digital cameraHow your memory works like a digital camera

• How to improve your memory using twenty How to improve your memory using twenty

different techniquesdifferent techniques

• How your memory can fail youHow your memory can fail you


Memory Is Three-Part Process Memory Is Three-Part Process Memory Is Three-Part Process Memory Is Three-Part Process

Chapter ActivityChapter Activityp. 152p. 152

Sensory Memory

Working (short-term) Memory

Long-term Memory


The Three R’s: Record, Retain, Retrieve The Three R’s: Record, Retain, Retrieve The Three R’s: Record, Retain, Retrieve The Three R’s: Record, Retain, Retrieve

Much like a digital camera, your brain uses three processes to remember information:

Chapter ExerciseChapter Exercisep. 154p. 154

Record

Retain

Retrieve

Record

Retain

Retrieve



Sensory Memory:Sensory Memory: FocusFocus Sensory Memory:Sensory Memory: FocusFocus

Sensory memory involves the input you receive from the outside

world. It includes:

• Haptic memory (touch)• Echoic memory (sound)• Iconic memory (sight) Just like a camera, you must

know how to focus:

1. Slow down; you move too fast. 2. Deal with it. 3. Notice where you go. 4. Watch for signals.

5. Get help if you need to.



Working Memory: Working Memory: RecordRecord Working Memory: Working Memory: RecordRecord

Recording sensory impressions involves your short-term orWorking Memory.

Records things that have personal meaning to you. Your working memory

• is relatively short-term (about 2 minutes).

• has a limited capacity (about 7 pieces of information).

“ “I have a photographic memory but I have a photographic memory but once in a while I forget to take offonce in a while I forget to take off the lens cap.”the lens cap.” Milton Berle, comedianMilton Berle, comedian


Long-Term Memory: Long-Term Memory: Retain and RetrieveRetain and Retrieve Long-Term Memory: Long-Term Memory: Retain and RetrieveRetain and Retrieve

sensory memory: focus

working memory: record

Then, you need to figure out whatneeds to be stored and what can bedeleted—like you do when you transfer photos from your camera’smemory stick to your hard-drive.

long-term memory: retain and retrieve

“ “A memory is anything that happens and does not A memory is anything that happens and does not completely unhappen.” completely unhappen.” Edward de Bono, creative Edward de Bono, creative thinking expertthinking expert


20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory Make It StickMake It Stick

20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory Make It StickMake It Stick

Rehearse.Are your using elaborate rehearsal techniques?

Overlearn. Are you working more than you think you need to so that information becomes hardwired?

Space it out.Are you working in shorter sessions, rather than cramming?

Separate it.Are you separating similar material so you don’t get it confused?

Mind the Middle.Are you paying attention to what comes in the middle, not just what’s first and last?

Try

thesefive

Ways.


Elaborate or Simple?Elaborate or Simple?Elaborate or Simple?Elaborate or Simple?

Which of these 2 images are you more likely to remember?Why?


20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory Make It MeaningfulMake It Meaningful

20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory Make It MeaningfulMake It Meaningful

Feel. Emotions and memories can team up in powerful ways.

Connect.Connect new information with what you already know.

Personalize.Make new information mean something to YOU.


20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory Make It MnemonicMake It Mnemonic


Spell.Acronyms allow you to memorize lists by making up phrases using first letters, for example.

Here is a popular one from geography:

My Great Big Hungry Elephant Nearly Consumed Panama =Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras , El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama

Locate.The Loci (LO-si) system helps you connect places (or locations) with what you need to remember.

Have you ever remembered the names of classmates by where they sat?




Link or Narrate.By connecting item A with item Band B with C, you can create a series of mental linkages. Or buildwhat you need to remember into a story.

Peg.The peg system uses rhymingsyllables to associate images.Think of pegs as hooks on which

to “hang” information.


20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory Manipulate ItManipulate It

20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory Manipulate ItManipulate It

Mark it up. Be an active reader; interact with the text.

Mark it down. If it you don’t need to memorize it, just write it down.

Organize. Rearrange the material you’re trying to memorize.

Picture. Drawings can be an effective memory tool.

Act. Consider putting motions to your memorizing.

Produce. Put things in your own words.

Test. Create practice exams for yourself.


20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory

Make It FunnyMake It Funny

20 Ways to Master Your Memory 20 Ways to Master Your Memory

Make It FunnyMake It FunnyMock it. The best condition for learning is relaxed alertness—high challenge, low threat.

Here are a few ways to make memorization fun:

• Create a funny “Top-Ten” list.

• Write a song.

• Recite a poem.

• Be imaginative.

• Be bizarre.

• Even be obscene!


Control Your Learning:Your Toughest Task

p. 165


How Our Memories How Our Memories (uh…hummm…) Fail Us (uh…hummm…) Fail Us

How Our Memories How Our Memories (uh…hummm…) Fail Us (uh…hummm…) Fail Us

1. Fading 1. Fading

2. Absentmindedness 2. Absentmindedness

3. Blocking 3. Blocking

4. Misattribution 4. Misattribution

5. Suggestibility 5. Suggestibility

6. Bias 6. Bias

7. Persistence7. Persistence

1. Fading 1. Fading

2. Absentmindedness 2. Absentmindedness

3. Blocking 3. Blocking

4. Misattribution 4. Misattribution

5. Suggestibility 5. Suggestibility

6. Bias 6. Bias

7. Persistence7. Persistence


Deepen Your Memory Deepen Your Memory Deepen Your Memory Deepen Your Memory

Surface-level processing just skims the surface.

Surface-level processing just skims the surface.

Deep-level processing goes deep.

Deep-level processing goes deep.



VVAARRKK ActivityActivityVVAARRKK ActivityActivity

Exercise 7.2, p. 168


C R: Subjective Memory TestC R: Subjective Memory Test

Chapter 7: Exercises and ActivitiesChapter 7: Exercises and Activities

Test Your MemoryTest Your Memory

Audio Summary of Chapter 7Audio Summary of Chapter 7

Focus TV: Developing Your MemoryFocus TV: Developing Your Memory

Chapter ExerciseChapter Exercisep. 154 p. 154

Chapter ActivityChapter Activityp. 152p. 152

Focus TV:Focus TV:MemoryMemory

Audio Audio Chapter SummaryChapter Summary

Back to MenuBack to Menu© 2010 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning

Insight Action


Subjective Memory TestSubjective Memory TestSubjective Memory TestSubjective Memory Test

p. 152


Test Your MemoryTest Your MemoryTest Your MemoryTest Your Memory

Exercise 7.1, p. 154


Insight Action

p. 154

p. 165

p. 167


Chapter 7 Audio SummaryChapter 7 Audio Summary


FOCUS TVMemory

FOCUS TVMemory

Focus TVFocus TV

Discussion ?s

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Focus TV Discussion Questions

1. FOCUS Correspondent Greg Tuculescu has some memory problems,

first evidenced by all the strings he has tied around his fingers to help him

remember things. He even makes up a word, “rememberization,” during

his interview with Dr. Susan. In your view, what specific memory

problems does Greg have?

2. Many students have memory glitches during exams, such that what

they’ve studied seems to “disappear.” Have you ever had this problem?

Upon reflection, might it have been related to the way you studied?

3. It’s clear that our correspondent thinks cheating is standard practice is

college. (Of course, this portion of the episode is comedy; one of the

chapter’s recommendations to enhance memory is to “Make It Funny.”

But the episode does include a real visual warning about cheating.) Are

his views about how to dishonestly “enhance” your memory during tests

widespread among college students, and if so, how will this impact them

in their personal and professional futures?


FOCUS on Community College Success

An Interactive Teaching Tool

FOCUS on COLLEGE SUCCESSCONCISE Edition

Chapter 7Constance Staley and Aren Moore

F CUSPoints

© 2010 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning Menu Options: Chapter 7: Developing Your Memory Lecture/...

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