© 2004 James Lockard, Peter D. Abrams

The Current State of The Current State of Computers & TechnologyComputers & Technology

in Educationin Education

Unit 1Unit 1

Personal Technology Personal Technology ExperiencesExperiences

DescribeDescribe• InstructorInstructor• StudentsStudents

What has changedWhat has changed over time? over time?•How?How?

Perceptions of Perceptions of Computer Technology Computer Technology

in the 21st Centuryin the 21st Century

In SocietyIn Society

In EducationIn Education

It’s a Different WorldIt’s a Different World Slogan of the Slogan of the NETSNETS project project

•National Educational National Educational Technology StandardsTechnology Standards

• International Society for International Society for Technology in EducationTechnology in Education

How is our world different?How is our world different?• from our parents’ timefrom our parents’ time• from our own early school daysfrom our own early school days

Experiences with Experiences with Computer PlatformsComputer Platforms

Apple II, MS-DOS, orApple II, MS-DOS, or other “original” other “original”

MacintoshMacintosh WindowsWindows

How Does How Does Technology Relate to Technology Relate to

the “Basics” of the “Basics” of Education?Education?

What Should What Should 21st Century 21st Century

Teachers Know?Teachers Know?

The State of The State of Computers in EducationComputers in Education

Early predictions of aEarly predictions of a revolution” revolution”•Did not occurDid not occur

What went wrong?What went wrong?• Misjudged difficulty of changeMisjudged difficulty of change• Misjudged time required for Misjudged time required for

changechange

The State of The State of Computers in EducationComputers in Education

Schools have Schools have acquiredacquired computers computers• < 6 students per computer with < 6 students per computer with

Internet access (US average, Fall Internet access (US average, Fall 2001)2001)

How significant areHow significant are numbersnumbers of computers? of computers?• Use is far more importantUse is far more important

Technology Expenditures in K-12 Public Schools

0123456789

91-92

92-93

93-94

94-95

95-96

96-97

97-98

98-99

99-00

00-01

01-02

02-03

Bill

ion

s o

f D

olla

rs

NCLB **

E-Rate *

District

What We Are SpendingWhat We Are Spending

The State of Computers in The State of Computers in EducationEducation

Are current teachers ready Are current teachers ready to use existing computers to use existing computers effectively?effectively?

Are pre-service teachers Are pre-service teachers being prepared adequately?being prepared adequately?

March /April 1996

April 1999

The school that The school that hireshires you you shouldn’t have to shouldn’t have to traintrain you you to integrate to integrate technology into technology into your teaching.your teaching.

Computers & LearningComputers & Learning Changing perceptionsChanging perceptions

of learning of learning• BehaviorismBehaviorism• Cognitive psychologyCognitive psychology• ConstructivismConstructivism

Engaged learningEngaged learning• Active studentsActive students• Teacher as facilitatorTeacher as facilitator• Authentic learning tasksAuthentic learning tasks

& assessment & assessment

National Standards for National Standards for Technology in EducationTechnology in Education National Council forNational Council for

Accreditation of Teacher Accreditation of Teacher Education ( Education (NCATENCATE))• Vision of the ProfessionalVision of the Professional

Teacher for the 21 Teacher for the 21stst Century Century• Technology = expectedTechnology = expected

outcome of teacher education outcome of teacher education•Conceptual framework includesConceptual framework includes

National Educational National Educational Technology Standards Technology Standards = NETS = NETS

• ISTEISTE, funded by NASA, funded by NASA• Support from Dept of Ed,Support from Dept of Ed,

Milken, Apple, et al Milken, Apple, et al• Many professional partners,Many professional partners,

e.g. AFT, NEA, NCTE, etc. e.g. AFT, NEA, NCTE, etc. Standards widely adoptedStandards widely adopted

Learning EnvironmentsLearning EnvironmentsTRADITIONALTRADITIONAL

Teacher centeredTeacher centered LinearLinear Isolated workIsolated work Information Information

deliverydelivery PassivePassive Facts / knowledgeFacts / knowledge ArtificialArtificial

NEWNEW Learner centeredLearner centered MultipathMultipath CollaborationCollaboration Information Information

exchangeexchange ActiveActive Critical Critical

thinkingthinking AuthenticAuthentic

NETS-SNETS-S National Educational Technology National Educational Technology

StandardsStandards for for StudentsStudents• Six broad foundation categoriesSix broad foundation categories• Expectations by grade rangesExpectations by grade ranges

Pre-K to 2Pre-K to 2 Grades 3-5Grades 3-5 Grades 6-8Grades 6-8 Grades 9-12Grades 9-12

• Specific performance indicatorsSpecific performance indicators

NETS-TNETS-T National Educational National Educational

Technology Standards for Technology Standards for TeachersTeachers

Five categoriesFive categories• First includes NETS-S skillsFirst includes NETS-S skills• Others focus on applicationOthers focus on application

in teaching in teaching Expectations at four timesExpectations at four times

NETS-ANETS-A National Educational National Educational

Technology Standards for Technology Standards for Administrators Administrators (TSSA)(TSSA)

Critical for support withinCritical for support within a school a school

Not part ofNot part of pre-service pre-service teacher education teacher education

Your Task This MonthYour Task This Month

Become moreBecome more Technology Competent! Technology Competent!

• for your own needsfor your own needs• to enhance the learning to enhance the learning of your students of your students

• to be a 21to be a 21stst

century educator century educator