Toddlerhood

Toddlerhood

12 months to three years Growth rate slows down

3 inches a year, 4-6 pounds a year

Body becomes more proportionate

Bones gradually harden or ossify

Two ½ years

Complete set of deciduous teeth Extremities grow fast (pot belly) Hearing tests – Eustachian tube

shorter Vital signs begin to slow down Visit the eye doctor (lazy eye)

Gross Motor Skills

Depends on maturation of muscle, bones, and nerves

Must be ready physically and mentally for new tasksBalance one one foot, jump

with both feet, walk up stairs with both

feet, runs

Fine Motor Skills

Ride a tricycle Puts simple puzzles together Builds a tower of blocks Cooies circle or vertical lines Turns knobs and opens lids

(safety?)

The In and Out

Eating Toileting

Usually more important for parent Must be able to communicate By 2 ½ are bladder trained Handle matter of factly

Daily Skills

Dressing Communication Washing Brushing teeth

Erickson

Autonomy IndependenceEncourage toddlers to make

decisionsThey still need much guidanceCaregiver needs to be

consistent and reinforce limitations

Piaget

Pre-operational thought Toddlers interpret new

experiences based on memories of previous happenings

Moral Development

Occurs as children imitate parent’s moral behavior and teachings

Language Development

Develops along with memory and cognition

Young toddlers use one word sentences

3 year olds have a vocabulary of 3,000 words and use multiple

sentences Read to child and encourage speech

Nutrition

Well balanced for bone and muscle growth

Portion sizes vary according to child and activity level

Likes and dislikes influenced by family members

Most toddlers like “carry” food Give food choices, ignore refusals,

toddlers like consistency

Sleep

Decreases during this time Short naps needed Bedtime rituals help reduce

anxiety Night mares should be handled

in a consistent comforting manner

PlayIt is there JOB

Major influence on exploration and understanding of the world

Prefer parallel play Do not interact or share well Imaginary playmate common Tricycles, swings, climbers,

rocking horse, color cubes, painting, musical instruments I-pad

Safety

Naturally curious-keep from danger

Continuous supervision Car safety, road safety,

poisonings, burns, choking and suffocation

Doctor Exams

Regular check-ups 18 months, 24 months, 36

months See dentist when all deciduous

teeth are in

Being the Best Birth of another child can cause

sibling rivalry Promoting self-esteem

Attend to child’s needs quickly Spend special time with child Ignore mishaps Convey positive regard Label behavior –NOT CHILD Positive feedback Be congruent with communication If indicated offer an apology