1 Preliminary Environmental Assessment · PDF fileAPPENDIX 5 Department of Environment and...

- - 1 Preliminary Environmental Assessment

- - + Lots 104-105 BusseIt Hwy, Margaret River

—O. September 2006

environmental consultants

environmental consultants Onshore Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd ACN 095 837 120 83 Norfolk Street Dunsborough WA 6281 Telephone / Fax (08) 97 567 073 E-mail: onshoreenvironmental®biepond.com

COPYRIGHT: The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Onshore Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of Onshore Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd constitutes an infringement of copyright.

DISCLAIMER: This report has been undertaken solely for Halsalt and Logan Town Planning. No responsibility is accepted to any third party who may come into possession of this report in whatever manner and who may use or rely on the whole or any part of this report. I f any such third party attempts to rely on any information contained in this report such party should obtain independent advice in relation to such information.

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River i i Onshore Environmental Consultants

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

As part of the proposal to develop existing Lots 104 and 105 Bussell Highway Margaret River into strata lots with defined building envelopes, Onshore Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd (OEC) was commissioned by Halsall and Logan Town Planners to complete flora Et vegetation and fauna surveys of the entire site.

The flora and vegetation survey was completed over two days, 30 August and 24 November 2006. A total of 103 plant taxa (including varieties and subspecies) from 45 families and 81 genera were recorded across Lots 104 and 105. The collection included 27 alien/naturalised taxa. Species representation was greatest among the Papilionaceae (11), Poaceae (7), Cyperaceae (6), Myrtaceae (5), Proteaceae (5), Mimosaceae (5) and Asteraceae (5). Together these seven plant families provided 44% of the total species richness recorded during the survey. No plant taxa gazetted as Declared Rare Flora pursuant to subsection (2) of section 23F of the Wildlife Conservation Act (1950) were located within the survey area. However, two plants of the Priority 3 flora Bossiaea disticha were collected from a single Location.

The survey area was described and mapped as six vegetation types, none of which are listed as a threatened ecological community: 1. *Lobum rigidum dense low grass 2. Agonis flexuosa open scrub over *Lolium rigidum dense low grass 3. Pteridium esculentum / Juncus spp. low scrub b over Anigozanthos

flavidus open dwarf scrub d over *Pennisetum clandestinum tall grass 4. Eucalyptus diversicolor, Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia

calophylla tall woodland over Agonis flexuosa low forest a over Anigozanthos flavidus open dwarf scrub d (±*Pennisetum clandestinum tall grass)

5. Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia calophylla forest over Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia calophylla low forest a over Banksia grandis, Persoonia longifolia, Agonis flexuosa open scrub over Bossiaea linophylla, Hovea elliptica, Hakea lissocarpha, Macrozamia riedlei, Leucopogon verticillatus, Pteridium esculentum low scrub a over Bossiaea omata, Tremandra stelligera, Lomandra spp. open dwarf scrub d over Lepidosperma squamatum open low sedges

6. Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia calophylla forest over Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia calophylla low woodland a over Banksia grandis, Bossiaea linophylla open scrub over Lepidosperma squamatum open low sedges

A Level 1 fauna survey was undertaken by ENV Australia, incorporating a desktop review to collate historical knowledge in conjunction with a site inspection (reconnaissance survey) of both tots. Vertebrate fauna of conservation significance that may potentially occur within the survey area includes 16 bird species, 7 mammals, 2 frogs and 2 reptiles.

On the basis of the surveys completed, the following environmental considerations have been highlighted:

Flora a Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River Onshore Environmental Consultants

• Vegetation type 5 has been identified as the area of highest biodiversity conservation value and should be retained where ever practicable.

• Development of the damp land situated in the southeast corner of the survey area should focus on removing the weed component, reinstating natural drainage flows, and revegetating the immediate riparian zone with native species to form a corridor.

• Two plants of the Priority 3 flora Bossiaea disticha recorded in the southwest corner of the survey area should be retained.

• Fire control will be an important consideration for building envelopes positioned close to native remnants along the western boundary of the survey area.

• It will be preferable for clearing of native vegetation to occur during the summer period when reptiles are more mobile and able to avoid impact, birds are not nesting, and many transitory species that would utilise areas of seasonal inundation would not be present.

• Impact to mature standing timber (senescent trees) with hollows should be avoided wherever possible, as the hollows may provide habitat for the three cockatoo taxa that breed sympatrically in the area.

• Any felled mature timber should be retained for use as fauna habitat or refuge in areas that are rehabilitated or remain uncleared.

• Topsoil removed from areas that support intact vegetation and a heavy _ detrital content, i.e. Vegetation type 5, could be retained for use in

rehabilitated areas.

Flora Ft Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Oussell Hwy, Margaret River Onshore Environmental Consultants

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1 PREAMBLE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1

2 OBJECTIVES 1

3 METHODS 1

3.1 Flora and Vegetation 1

3.2 Fauna Survey 2 3.2.1 Survey Scope 2 3.2.2 Desktop Survey 2 3.2.3 Field Survey 3

Figure 1 Location of the project area. 4

4 RESULTS 5

4.1 Conservation Status of RFA Vegetation Types 5

4.2 Flora 5

4.3 Conservation Status of Flora 5 Table 1 Flora Results from the Threatened Species EPBC Database Search. 6 Table 2 Results from DEC Threatened Flora Species Search. 6 Table 3 Results from DEC Declared Rare and Priority Species Search. 7 Figure 2 Vegetation map for the survey area. 8 Figure 3 Distribution of RFA vegetation complexes across the survey area. 9

4.4 Vegetation Types 10

4.5 Vegetation Condition 10 Plate 1 Vegetation type 1 Plate 2 Vegetation type 2 11 Plate 3 Vegetation type 3 Plate 4 Vegetation type 4 11 Plate 5 Vegetation type 5 Plate 6 Vegetation type 6 11 Figure 4 Vegetation condition mapping for the survey area. 12

4.6 Fauna 13 Table 4 Conservation listings for the avian fauna species of conservation

significance which have the potential to occur in the project area. 14 Table 5 Conservation listings for the vertebrate fauna species (mammals,

amphibian Et reptilian) of conservation significance which have the potential to occur in the project area. 15

5 RECOMMENDATIONS 16

5.1 Flora and vegetation 16

5.2 Fauna 16

6 BIBLIOGRAPHY 17

APPENDIX 1 Vegetation classification used for the flora and vegetation survey (Muir 1977). 20

APPENDIX 2 Vegetation condition rating as used in Perth's Bushplan (Environmental Protection Authority, 1998). 21

APPENDIX 3 Total flora recorded within the survey area at Lots 104 Et 105 Bussell Highway Margaret River; all specimens recorded August a November 2006. * alien Et naturalised, ^ Priority flora 22

APPENDIX 4 Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora (Atkins 2006). 25

Flora a Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River 111 Onshore Environmental Consultants

APPENDIX 5 Department of Environment and Conservation definition of Schedule codes for fauna species of conservation significance. Taken from the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2006.

APPENDIX 6 Department of Environment and Conservation definition of Priority codes for fauna species of conservation significance. Taken from the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2006.

25

26

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Bussell Hwy, Margaret River i v Onshore Environmental Consultants

Description of vegetation structure follows the height, life form and density classes of Muir (1977, see Appendix 1). This is largely a structural classification suitable for broader scale mapping, but taking all ecologically significant strata into account. Vegetation condition was determined using a recognised rating scale (see Appendix 2). Voucher specimens were taken for selected species to verify identification that could not be confidently substantiated in the field. Use was made of the Western Australian State Herbarium for confirmation of species identification. Nomenclature follows Green (1985 Et 1987), Paczkowska and Chapman (2000) and the Western Australian Herbarium.

3.2 Fauna Survey

3.2.1 Survey Scope

The fauna survey component was undertaken by ENV Australia (ENV). It was performed to meet the requirements of the following State and Federal legislation: • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC

Act 1999) • Environment Protection Act 1986 (WA) • Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 (WA) (WC Act 1950).

The survey was carried out in a manner compliant with the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) requirements for the environmental surveying and reporting for fauna survey in Western Australia: • Terrestrial Biological Surveys as an Element o f Biodiversity Protection.

Position Statement No. 3 (EPA 2002) • Terrestrial Fauna Surveys f o r Environmental Impact Assessment in

Western Australia. Guidance Statement No. 56 (EPA 2004).

There are two formal levels of fauna survey as delineated by the EPA. Firstly, a 'Level One' survey comprising desktop review to collate historical knowledge, in conjunction with a site inspection (reconnaissance survey) or secondly, a 'Level Two' baseline field trapping and opportunistic survey is undertaken to characterise the fauna present, in conjunction with a 'Level One' survey (Environmental Protection Authority Guidance Statement No. 56, 2004).

The project area falls within Bioregion Group 1 (Warren - bioregions of the South-West Botanical Province that have been extensively cleared for agriculture). The proponent has intimated that they wish to preserve some of the natural vegetation to enhance the aesthetics of the proposed development. This, coupled with the fact that much of the vegetation is already degraded means that the impacts of the proposed development are considered 'Low' and therefore only a 'Level One' survey was required.

3.2.2 Desktop Survey

A standard component of fauna survey reporting is the preparation of a comprehensive desktop literature and data assessment to determine the regional conservation value of the project area, which, in this case, is


determined by the fauna species of conservation significance that the site may support.

The following publications were used to delineate the general distribution of fauna; including but not limited to: • Field Guide to the Birds o f Australia (Simpson and Day, 1999) • Snakes o f Western Australia (Storr et. al. 2002) • Lizards of Western Australia! (Storr et. at. 1999) • Lizards o f Western Australia Il! (Storr et. al. 1990) • Reptiles and Amphibians o f Australia (Cogger 2000) • Frogs o f Western Australia (Tyler et. at. 2000) • A Field Guide to the Mammals o f Australia (Menkhorst and Knight 2001) • The Mammals o f Australia (Strahan 1995).

In addition, a search of the Western Australian Museum Faunabase was undertaken. Information on threatened species was obtained from the threatened fauna database (maintained by the DEC). Additional information on birds was obtained from the Birds Australia New Atlas of Australian Birds (Birds Australia 2006).

Collectively, these sources were used to compile both expected and known distribution lists of fauna within the vicinity of the project area. This list was then refined to produce a list of fauna taxa of conservation significance that are 'Expected' to occur within the area.

This Expected Species list was then further refined in consideration of the fauna habitats present in the survey area. Broad habitats were defined based on the presence of landform units that are known to influence vegetation type, i.e. drainage lines, damplands, hills and slopes. Fauna habitats were then further refined by ground truthing and the consideration of vegetation observed and reported from the botanical survey.

Expected species are those that could plausibly use the habitat/s within the project area at some stage. These lists exclude species which would not be present due to the absence of suitable habitat. Taxonomy generally follows the Checklists of the Vertebrates of Western Australia.

3.2.3 Field Survey

A qualified zoologist (Dr Mitchell Ladyman) made a site inspection of Lot 104 and Lot 105 Bussell Highway on the 30th November 2006. Using the vegetation map and associated descriptions defined for the project area (see Figure 2 and Section 4.4 herein) as a means of defining the boundaries of vegetation type (and hence fauna habitat), each vegetation type across the entire project area was traversed on foot. Observations were made on fauna micro-habitat, e.g. detritus / l i t ter cover, fire history, maturity of overstorey tree species, bark, hollows, soil type, inundation and ground cover, within each of the vegetation types.


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4 RESULTS

4.1 Conservation Status of RFA Vegetation Types

Margaret River is in the Warren Botanical Sub-district of the South West Botanical Province (Beard, 1990). Vegetation was originally mapped by Beard (1981) as 'jarrah-marri forest'. However, more recent mapping of the pre- European vegetation extent as part of the most recent Regional Forest Agreement (RFA), confirms the occurrence of two vegetation complexes within the study area (Mattiske and Havel, 1998; see Figure 3):

• Cowaramup Uplands (Cl): open to tall open forest of Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata - Corymbia calophylla - Banksia grandis on lateritic uplands in the hyper-humid zone; and

• Cowaramup Valleys (Cw1): mixture of open forest to woodland Eucalyptus diversicolor - Corymbia calophylla and woodland of Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata - Corymbia calophylla on slopes, and low woodland of Meloleuca preissiana - Banksia littoralis on depressions in the hyper-humid zone.

The Cl complex is determined to be adequately represented, with 31% of the Pre-European extent remaining (above the 30% level), but poorly reserved with only 13.6% consolidated into formal and informal reserves (<15% level recommended). The Cw1 complex is determined to be both poorly represented and poorly reserved, with 23% of the Pre-European extent remaining uncleared, and 10.1% occurring in formal and informal reserves.

4.2 Flora

A total of 103 plant taxa (including varieties and subspecies) from 45 families and 81 genera were recorded across Lots 104 and 105 (see Appendix 3). The collection included 27 alien / naturalised taxa. Species representation was greatest among the Papilionaceae (11), Poaceae (7), Cyperaceae (6), Myrtaceae (5), Proteaceae (5), Mimosaceae (5) and Asteraceae (5). Together these seven plant families provided 44% of the total species richness recorded during the survey.

4.3 Conservation Status of Flora

All native flora species are protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 - Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2006. A number of plant species are assigned an additional level of conservation significance based on a limited number of known populations and the perceived threats to these locations. Species of the highest conservation significance are designated Declared Rare Flora, while species which are believed to warrant a lesser level of protection are assigned to one of four Priority Flora categories (Appendix 4).

As part of the desktop survey, a search of State and Federal databases was undertaken to identify flora of conservation significance previously collected or described within the Augusta Margaret River area. The search co-ordinates were 33°46'-33°59'S and 115°08-115°17'E; results are presented in Tables 1-3.

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Bussell Hwy, Margaret River 5 Onshore Environmental Consultants

Ground truthing of the survey area on 30 August 2006 and 24 November 2006 failed to identify any plant taxa gazetted as Declared Rare Flora pursuant to subsection (2) of section 23F of the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950. However, two plants of the Priority 3 flora Bossiaea disticha were collected from a single location the southwest corner of the survey area; AGD84 322521E 6239197N.

Table 1 Flora Results f r o m t h e Threa tened Species EPBC Database Search.

Scientific Name Common Name Status

Arachnorchis arrecta Abba Bell Vulnerable Caladenia huegelii King Spider Orchid Endangered Darwinia sp. Williamson Long-leaved Daviesia Endangered Daviesia elongata ssp. elongata Vulnerable Dryandra mimica i Summer Honeypot Endangered Dryandra nivea ssp. uliginosa Endangered Dryandra squarrosa ssp. argillacea Whicher Range Dryandra Vulnerable Lambertia echinata ssp. occidentalis Western Prickly Honeysuckle Endangered

Table 2 Results f r o m DEC Threa tened Flora Species Search.

Scientific Name Status

Daviesia elongate ssp. elongata Rare Drakaea micrantha Rare Dryandra nivea ssp. uliginosa Rare Dryandra squarrosa ssp. argillacea Rare Grevillea brachystylis ssp. grandis Rare Thomasia laxiflora Priority 1 Andersonia ferricola Priority 2 Calothamnus sp. Scott River(R.D.Royce 84) Priority 2 Synaphea petiolaris ssp. simplex Priority 2 Trichocline sp.Treeton (B.J.Keighery Ft N.Gibson 564) Priority 2 Chorizema carinatum Priority 3 Grey!Ilea brachystylis ssp. brachystylis Priority 3 Hakea oldfieldi Priority 3 Isopogon formosus ssp. dasylepis Priority 3 Loxocarya magna Priority 3 Calothamnus sp.Whicher (B.J.Keighery f t N.Gibson 230) Priority 4 Lambertia rarifiora ssp. rariflora Priority 4 Tyrbastes glaucescens Priority 4 Chamelaucium erythrochlorum Priority 4

Fiora Ft Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 BusselE Hwy, Margaret River 6 Onshore Environmental Consultants

Table 3 Results f r o m DEC Declared Rare and Pr ior i ty Species Search.

Scientific Name ....._ . . Acacia inops

Status i- Priority 3

— Distribution Flower Period

Margaret River, Yelverton _ Oct-Nov Acacia lateriticola glabrous variant (BR Maslin 6765) Priority 3 Margaret River Oct-Nov Acacia tayloriana Priority 4 Sue's Rd east o f Margaret River Dec Boronia anceps Priority 3 Scott River, Cape Naturaliste, Cowaramup Sep-Jan Boronia capitato ssp. gracilis Priority 2 Yarloop, Cowaramup Jun-Aug Boronia tetragona Priority 3 Whicher Range, Cowaramup Oct-Dec Bossiaea disticha Priority 3 Margaret River Sept-Nov Caladenia arrecta Priority 4 Margaret River, Needilup Aug-Oct Caladenia excelsa Rare Yallingup-Witchcliff, Margaret River, Cowaramup, Gracetown Sep-Oct Caladenia lodgeana Priority 2 Margaret River Oct Chorizema reticulatum Priority 3 Cowaramup Oct Conospermum paniculatum Priority 3 Witchcliffe, Rosa Brook, Scott River, Margaret River, Whicher Range Jul-Nov Dampiera heteroptera Priority 3 Scott River, Cowaramup Sep, Oct Drakaea micrantha ms Rare Margaret River Sep, Oct Galium migrans Priority 3 Cape Leeuwin, Margaret River, Gastrolobium formosum Priority 3 Margaret River, Scott River, Black Point Nov-Jan Grevillea brachystylis ssp. brachystylis Priority 3 Ruabon, Yoongarillup, Jarrawood, Margaret River Aug-Nov Hybanthus volubilis Priority 2 Margaret River, Scott NP, Deep River Jan-Mar Lambertia rarifloro ssp. rariflora Priority 4 Margaret River, Jarrahwood, Whicher Range Jan-Mar Leptomerio furtive ms Priority 2 Cowaramup, Scott River, Ambergate Jan, Aug-Oct Pimelea ciliate ssp. longituba Priority 3 Yallingup, Margaret River Sep-Nov Pultenaea pinifolia Priority 3 Lake Charley, Whicher Range, Margaret River Oct Stylidium barleei Priority 3 Whicher, Margaret River Oct Thomosia laxiflora Priority 1 Cowaramup, Whicher Range Oct, Nov Tripterococcus brachylobus ms Priority 4 Margaret River, Scott River, Crystal Springs, Gingilup Feb Tyrbastes glaucescens Priority 4 Rosa Brook, Margaret River, Scott River Oct

Flora a Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Busselt Hwy, Margaret River 7 Onshore Environmental Consultants

Figure 2 Distribution of RFA vegetation complexes

Drawn . Darren Brearley

Date 7 September 2005

Originator DR

Version :

M I N 0 15 3 0 6 0 9 0 Metres

Scale 1:150.000

Datum CODA Zone 50

Figure 3 Vegetation Map (see Section 4.4 for key to vegetation descriptions; X = location of Priority 3 flora)

4.4 Vegetation Types

Vegetation at the survey area was described and mapped as the six vegetation types listed below (see Plates 1-6 a Figure 2): 1. *Lolium rigidum dense low grass 2. Agonis flexuosa open scrub over *Lolium rigidum dense low grass 3. Pteridium esculentum / Juncus spp. low scrub b over Anigozanthos flavidus open

dwarf scrub d over *Pennisetum clandestinum tall grass 4. Eucalyptus diversicolor, Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia

calophylla tall woodland over Agonis flexuosa low forest a over Anigozanthos flavidus open dwarf scrub d (±*Pennisetum clandestinum tall grass)

5. Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia calophylla forest over Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia calophylla low forest a over Banksia grandis, Persoonia longifolia, Agonis flexuosa open scrub over Bossiaea linophylla, Hovea elliptica, Hakea lissocarpha, Macrozamia riedlei, Leucopogon verticillatus, Pteridium esculentum low scrub a over Bossiaea ornata, Tremandra stelligera, Lomandra spp. open dwarf scrub d over Lepidosperma squamatum open low sedges

6. Eucalyptus marginata ssp. morginato, Corymbia calophylla forest over Eucalyptus marginata ssp. marginata, Corymbia calophylla low woodland a over Banksia grandis, Bossiaea linophylla open scrub over Lepidosperma squamotum open low sedges

4.5 Vegetation Condition

The majority of the survey area, including a large proportion of the damp land, was rated as 'completely degraded' (score 6, see Figure 4). Vegetation had been either cleared for pasture or subjected to long term grazing by domestic stock, and vegetation structure was no longer intact and almost completely lacking perennial species richness. Introduced pasture grasses dominated this map-unit with and without scattered native regrowth restricted to individual species including Agonis flexuosa (peppermint) and Juncus pallidus (pale rush).

Vegetation in the southwest corner of the survey area was rated as 'excellent' (score 2, see Figure 4). Vegetation structure remained intact, with weeds being non-invasive species. There were signs of encroachment from vigorous weed species around the perimeter of this map-unit, i.e. Oxalis incarnata.

Remnant vegetation on the northern lot had the upperstorey stratum largely intact, with some evidence of dieback affecting the mid storey layer and particularly Banksia grandis (bull banksia). The mid storey stratum had been removed, probably through uncontrolled grazing by domestic stock (the remnant was not fenced from surrounding annual pasture), and the understorey showed reduced perennial species richness. The entire map-unit had recently been burnt. Vegetation condition was rated between 'good' and 'degraded' (score 4-5, see Figure 4).

Localised areas surrounding infrastructure at the site were rated as 'degraded' (score 5, see Figure 4), with obvious signs of multiple disturbance to the understorey and a high weed loading. The upperstorey stratum within these areas generally remained intact.

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Lots 104-105 Bussell Hwy, Margaret River 10 Onshore Environmental Consultants

Plate 1 Vegetation type 1


_ Plate 5 Vegetation type 5

Flora a Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Bussefl Hwy, Margaret River

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4.6 Fauna

A complete list of vertebrate fauna with conservation significance and that may potentially occur within the survey area is provided as Tables 4 and 5 below. The list includes sixteen bird species (Table 4), seven mammals, two frogs and two reptiles (Table 5), each with varying degrees of conservation significance.

There are three vegetation types that represent particular value with respect to fauna:

1. Vegetation type 3 - although vegetation within this unit is degraded, the habitat continues to act as a dampland, become seasonally inundated and directing surface flow downstream to the northeast. The development proposal provides an opportunity to re-instate natural drainage flows and rehabilitate the riparian zone with native species.

2. Vegetation type 4 - this unit has similar properties to those described above, restricted to the upper reaches of the narrowly incised drainage line. However, Vegetation type 4 is defined by the occurrence of very large senescent trees, including marri, jarrah and karri. These old-growth trees have the potential to provide important fauna habitat for many of the avian fauna listed.

3. Vegetation type 5 - this bushland remains in excellent condition with an intact canopy and ground cover. It represents the only vegetation type within the project area that has retained understorey structure.


Lots 104-105 Bussell Hwy, Margaret River 13 Onshore Envirorunental Consultants

Table 4 Conservation listings for t h e avian fauna species o f conservation significance which have the potential t o occur in the project area. EPBC = Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999; Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2006; CALM = Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, IUCN = lUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1 (See Appendices 5-6).

Species

Australasian Bittern Botourus poiciloptilus

7-EPBC Act WAWC Act r - CAVA Act IUCN

Endangered

_________.........._ ........._ ... .... ......, Potential Sites riii—ge-tition Type-2 and-3—iii ih;lii-W-lying-- —

area subject to innundation. May utilise the project area for nesting

Si Vulnerable

Barking Owl Minor connivens connlvens

P2 Least Concern

'the

Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. Likely to ambush small rodents from perches in the mature trees. Not specifically dependant on

project area. Baudin's Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus baudinii

Vulnerable S1 Endangered Endangered Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. May potentially nest in large hollows within mature timber trees.

Black Bittern ixobrychus flavicollis australis

P2 Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2 and 3 in the low lying area subject to innundation. May utilise the project area for nesting

Carnaby's Black- Cockatoo Colyptorhynchus latirostris

Endangered Si Endangered Endangered Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. May potentially nest in large hollows within mature timber trees.

Cattle Egret Ardea ibis Marine Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2 and 3 in the low lying area subject to innundation. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

Crested Shrike-tit Fakunculus frontatus leucogoster

P4 Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. In particular, , Vegetation Type 3 and 4 adjacent potential I

areas of innundation. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

Forest Red-tailed Black- Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksii now .

Marine

Si P3 Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. May potentially nest in large hollows within mature timber trees.

Great Egret Ardea alba Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2 and 3 in the low lying area subject to innundation. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

Little Bittern ixobrychus minutus

P4 Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2 and 3 in the low lying area subject to innundation. Less likely to occur unless the area becomes heavily innundated. May utilise the project area for nesting

Masked Owl Tyto novoehollandoe novaehollandae

P3 Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. Likely to ambush small rodents from perches in the mature trees. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva

Migratory Least Concern

Vegetation Type 2 and 3 in the low lying area subject to innundation. Is known to favour artifitially influenced wetlands. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinis

54 Least Concern

All Vegetation Types. However, this taxon is transitory and would not reside in the project area over long periods.

Rainbow Bee-eater Melvin ornatus

Marine Least Concern

The interzone of the cleared Vegetation Types 1 and 2, and the heavily wooded areas. May nest in burrows dug within the project area.

Silver Gull Lorus novoehollandioe

Marine • Least Concern

Transitory visitor to the cleared Vegetation Types 1 and 2 adjacent areas of innundation.

White-bellied Sea-Eagle Halfaeetus ieucogoster

Migratory Least Concern

Vegetation Type 4. It may potentially next In the very high mature trees in the South - west corner of the project area.

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River 14 Onshore Environmental Consultants

Table 5 Conservation listings for the vertebrate fauna species (mammals, amphibian & reptilian) of conservation significance which have the potential to occur in the project area. EPBC = Environment Pro tec t ion a n d Biodivers i ty Conservation A c t 1999; Wi ld l i f e Conservation (Special ly Pro tec ted Fauna) Not ice 2006; CALM = Wi ld l i fe Conservation A c t 1950, IUCN = IUCN Red L is t Categories a n d Cr i te r ia : Version 3.1

Species EPBC Act , WAWC Act : CALM Act — IUCH Potential Sites

Chuditch Dosyurus geoffroll

Quenda Isoodon obesulus fusclyenter

Vulnerable Si Vulnerable' Vulnerable '-'May - enter the project area and utilise Vegetation Types 4, 5 and 6 adjacent the forest area to the west of the project area.

Endangered P5 Lower Risk (lc) Highly likely to occur in Vegetation Type 2 and 3.

Southern Brush-tailed Phascogale Phascogale topootora topotafa

P3 Lower Risk (nt) Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. Very few recent records have been made. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

Water Rat Hydromys chrysogoster

P4 Lower Risk (lc) May potentially occur in Vegetation Type 2 and 3. However, there is insufficient habitat to sustain viable populations within the project area.

Western Brush Wallaby

Mocropus Irma P4 Lower Risk (nt) --------------- May enter the project area and utilise

Vegetation Types 4, 5 and 6 adjacent the forest area to the west o f the project area. However, its access into and out of the project area would be restricted by the boundary fencing. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

Western False Pipistrelle FaIsistrellus mockenziei

P4 Vulnerable Vegetation Type 2, 4,5 and 6. Very few recent records have been made. Not specifically dependant on the project area.

[Western Ringtail Possum Pseuclocheirus occidental is

Vulnerable S1 Vulnerable Vulnerable Likely to occur in all habitats with exception o f Vegetation Type I . Many mature Peppermint Trees were are present but no dreys were observed.

'Species EPBC Act WAWC Act CALM Act IUCN

fro-range- bellied Frog T—Vutnerable- S1 -I—Vulnerable Vulnerable Geocrinia vItellina

White- bellied Frog Endangered S1 Critically Critically Geocrinia alba Endangered Endangered

Potential Sites

Vegetation Type 3 and 4, specifically alc-ing 1

the flow line. Presence of this taxon would be dependent on the stream health and water quality.

Vegetation Type 3 and 4, specifically along the flow line. Presence of this taxon would be dependent on the stream health and water quality.

Species EPBC Act — );V-A-WC Act CALM Act IUCN Potential Sites rSouthern Carpet Python Morelia spi loto imbricota

54 I

1Allveetaton types including the existing -1 infrastructure. Populations are sparse in the South west but individuals may be present in the project area.

Short-nosed Snake Elopognathus minor

P2 Lower Risk (nt)

Vegetation Type 3 and 4, specifically aloni— the flow line.

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Bussell Hwy, Margaret River 15 Onshore Environmental Consultants

5 RECOMMENDATIONS Feedback from the flora and vegetation and fauna surveys highlighted a number of environmental considerations for the proposed development.

5.1 Flora and vegetation

• Vegetation type 5, situated in the northwest corner of Lot 105, is in 'excellent' condition and the area of highest biodiversity conservation value. Native vegetation associated with this map-unit should be retained where ever practicable.

• Vegetation along the greater length of the damp land, situated in the southeast corner of the survey area, supports a high weed loading with native species restricted to scattered individuals. Future development of this area should focus on removing this weed component, reinstating the natural flow through this zone, and revegetating the immediate riparian zone with native species.

• Two plants of the Priority 3 flora Bossiaea disticha were recorded in the southwest corner of the survey area. These plants are identified with yellow flagging tape and should be retained.

• Fire control will be an important consideration for building envelopes positioned close to native remnants along the western boundary of the survey area. Current control measures include a perimeter mineral earth break and well established gravel track further west along the alignment of the disused rail line.

5.2 Fauna

• Preferable for clearing of native vegetation to occur during the summer period when inundated areas are dry. During warmer months reptiles are more mobile and able to avoid impact, birds are not nesting, and many transitory species that would utilise areas of seasonal inundation would not be present.

• Impact to mature standing timber (senescent trees) with hollows should be avoided wherever possible. The hollows provide habitat for aboreal reptiles, but more importantly, are a restricted nesting resource for the three cockatoo taxa that breed sympatrically in the area.

• Any felled mature timber should be retained for use as fauna habitat or refuge in areas that are rehabilitated or remain uncleared.

• Vegetation types 3 and 4 should be rehabilitated to form a corridor linking the southwest and northeast corners of Lot 105. Fringing areas of Vegetation Type 2 (dampland) could also be maintained.

• Topsoil removed from areas that support intact vegetation and a heavy detrital content, i.e. Vegetation type 5, could be retained for use in rehabilitated areas. The topsoil resource is ideal for encouraging recolonisation of fossorial reptiles and small mammals that move with or about the topsoil and forage on invertebrates.

Flora & Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Lots 104-105 BusseIt Hwy, Margaret River 16 Onshore Environmental Consultants

6 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Atkins, K.J. (2006) Declared Rare and Priority Flora List for Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia.

Barrett, G., Silcocks, A., Barry, S., Cunningham, R. and Poulter, R. (2003). The New Atlas of Australian birds. Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union, Victoria.

Beard, J.S. (1981) Vegetation Survey of Western Australia - Swan, 1:1000 000 Vegetation Series. UWA Press, Perth, WA, Australia.

Beard, J.S. (1990) Plant Life of Western Australia. Kangaroo Press Pty Ltd, Kenthurst, NSW, Australia.

Blackall, W.E. and Grieve, B.J. (1975) How to Know Western Australian Wildflowers. University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands, Perth, Australia.

CALM (1999) Environmental Weed Strategy for Western Australia. Environmental Protection Branch, Western Australia.

Churchill, S. (1998). Australian Bats. Reed New Holland, Australia. Churchill, D.M. (1968) The distribution of and prehistory of Eucalyptus diversicolor

F. Muell., E. marginata Donn ex Sm., and E.-calophylla R.Br. in relation to rainfall. Aust. J. Bot. 16.

Churchward, H.M. and McArthur, W.M. (1980) Landforms and soils of the Darling System. In: Atlas of Natural Resources, Darling System, Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Environment, Western Australia.

Cogger, H. G. (2000). Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia. 6th Edition. New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd.

Conservation Commission of Western Australia (2003) Forest Management Plan for the Southwest Forest Region. Conservation Commission of Western Australia, Perth.

Department of Agriculture (2003) Agmaps Land Profiler CD: Shires of Capel, Busselton Et Augusta - Margaret River. Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Perth.

Department of National Development (1955) Vegetation regions. Atlas of Australian Resources.

Environmental Protection Authority (1998) Perth's Bushplan, Vol. 2 Part A. Department of Environmental Protection, Perth.

Environmental Protection Authority (2000) Bush Forever. Government of Western Australia.

Gardner, C.A. (1942) The vegetation of Western Australia. J. Roy. Soc. W. Aust. 28, 11-37.

Gibson, N., Keighery, B.J., Keighery, G.J., Burbidge, A.H. and Lyons, M.N. (1994) A Floristic Survey of the Southern Swan Coastal Plain. Unpublished Report for the Australian Heritage Commission. Prepared by Department of Conservation and Land Management and the Conservation Council of Western Australia (Inc.).

Green, J.W. (1985) Census of the Vascular Plants of Western Australia. (2nd edition) Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Agriculture, Western Australia.


Green, J.W. (1987) Census of the Vascular Plants of Western Australia. Supplement No. 7. Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Agriculture, Western Australia.

Havel, J.J. (2000) Ecology of forests of south western Australia in relation to climate and landforms. PhD Thesis, Murdoch University, Western Australia.

Havel, J.J. and Mattiske Consulting (2002) Review of management options for poorly reserved vegetation complexes. Prepared for the Conservation Commission of Western Australia, Perth.

Heddle, E.M., Loneragan, O.W. and Havel, J.J. (1980) Vegetation of the Darling System. In: Atlas of Natural Resources, Darling System, Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Environment, Western Australia.

Johnstone, R. E. and Storr, G. M. (1998) Handbook of Western Australian Birds Volume I - Non-Passerines (Emu to Dollarbird). Western Australian Museum, Perth.

Johnstone, R. E. and Storr, G. M. (2004) Handbook of Western Australian Birds Volume II -Passerines (Blue-winged Pitta to Goldfinch). Western Australian Museum, Perth.

Hill, A.L., Semeniuk, C.A., Semeniuk, V., and Del Marco, A. (1996) Wetlands of the Swan Coastal Plain, Volume 2b: Wetland Mapping, Classification and Evaluation, Wetland Atlas. Department of Environmental Protection and the Water Authority of Western Australia, Perth.

Mattiske, E.M. and Havel, J.J. (1998). Vegetation Complexes of the Southwest Forest Region of Western Australia. Prepared as part of the Regional Forest Agreement, Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Land Management a Environment Australia.

Menkhorst, P. and Knight, F. (2001). A Field Guide to Mammals of Australia. Oxford University Press, Melbourne.

Paczkowska, G. and Chapman, A. R. (2000) The Western Australian Flora, A Descriptive Catalogue. Wildflower Society of Western Australia, Western Australian Herbarium CALM, Botanic Gardens and Park Authority, Perth, Western Australia.

Smith, F.G. (1972) Vegetation Survey of Western Australia, 1:250 000 Series, Pemberton & Irwin Inlet. Department of Agriculture, Perth.

Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. and Johnstone, R. E. (1990). Lizards of Western Australia. III Geckos and Pygopods. Western Australian Museum, Perth.

Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. and Johnstone, R. E. (1999). Lizards of Western Australia. I Skinks. Revised Edition. Western Australian Museum, Perth.

Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. and Johnstone, R. E. (2002). Snakes of Western Australia. Revised Edition. Western Australian Museum, Perth.

Strahan, D. (Ed.). (1995). The Mammals of Australia. Reed New Holland, Australia.

Title, P.J. (1996) Wellington-Blackwood Land Resources Survey: Land Resources Series No 14. ISSN 1033-1670. Natural Resources Assessment Group, Agriculture Western Australia.

Title, P.J. and Lantzke, N.C. (1990) Busselton Margaret River Augusta land capability study, Land Resource Series No. 5. ISSN 1033-1670. Department of Agriculture Western Australia.

Flora a Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Lots 104-105 BusseLI Hwy, Margaret River 18 Onshore Environmental Consultants

Tyler, M. J, Smith, L. A. and Johnstone, R. E. (2000). Frogs of Western Australia. Revised Edition. Western Australian Museum, Perth.

Wilson, S. and Swan, G. (2003). A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia. New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd.

Acts and Agreements cited Agreement between the Government o f Australia and the Government o f Japan for the Protection o f Migratory Birds and Birds in Danger o f Extinction and their Environment. 1981.

Agreement Between the Government o f Australia and the Government o f The People's Republic o f China for the Protection o f Migratory Birds and their Environment. 1988.

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 IUCN. (2001). lUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Ii + 30 pp. Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2005.


APPENDIX 1 Vegetation classification used for the flora and vegetation survey (Muir 1977).

LIFE FORM / HEIGHT

CLASS DENSE

70 % - 100%

Canopy Cover

MID DENSE SPARSE

30% - 70% 10% - 30%

T VERY SPARSE

2% - 10% - < . Trees > 30 m Dense Tall Forest Tall Forest Tall Woodland Open Tall Woodland i

; . Trees 15 - 30 m Dense Forest Forest Woodland Open Woodland

1

.• Trees 5 - 15 m Dense Low Forest A Low Forest A Low Woodland A Open Low Woodland A ; :

' Trees < 5 m Dense Low Forest B Low Forest B Low Woodland B Open Low Woodland B •

Mallee tree form ,

Dense Tree Mallee

Mallee shrub form ,

Dense Shrub Mallee

: Shrubs > 2 m ' Dense Thicket

Tree Mallee

: Shrub Mallee

Thicket

' Open Tree Mallee

Open Shrub Mallee

Scrub

Very Open Tree Mallee

Very Open Shrub Mallee

Open Scrub ,

, Shrubs 1.5 - 2 m . Dense Heath A Heath A Low Scrub A Open Low Scrub A

; Shrubs 1 - 1.5 m . Dense Heath B Heath B Low Scrub B Open Low Scrub B

‘ Shrubs 0.5 - 1 m ' Dense Low Heath C Low Heath C Dwarf Scrub C Open Dwarf Scrub C

! Shrubs 0 - 0.5 m ' Dense Low Heath D Low Heath 0 . Dwarf Scrub D Open Dwarf Scrub D F . , Mat plants

, Dense Mat Plants Mat Plants . Open Mat Plants ! Very Open Mat Plants

. • ' Hummock grass ! Dense Hummock Grass Mid-Dense Hummock Grass Hummock Grass ‘, Open Hummock Grass .

Bunch grass > 0.5 m < Dense Tall Grass Tall Grass ; Open Tall Grass ! Very Open Tall Grass <

. Bunch grass < 0.5 m Dense Low Grass Low Grass i Open Low Grass : Very Open Low Grass

! Herbaceous spp. Dense Herbs .....,.

Herbs Open Herbs i Very Open Herbs

Sedges > 0.5 m Dense Tall sedges Tall Sedges I Open Tall Sedges Very Open Tall Sedges

! Sedges < 0.5 m Dense Low Sedges Low Sedges I Open Low Sedges , Very Open Low Sedges

! Ferns Dense Ferns Ferns I Open Ferns Very Open Ferns

Mosses, liverworts Dense Mosses Mosses ! Open Mosses Very Open Mosses

Flora Ft Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River 20 Onshore Environmental Consultants

APPENDIX 2 Vegetation condition rating as used in Perth's Bushplan (Environmental Protection Authority, 1998).

CONDITION Pristine

Excellent

SCALE

Very Good 3

DESCRIPTION Pristine or nearly so, no obvious signs of disturbance. Vegetation structure intact, disturbance affecting individual species and weeds are non-aggressive species. Vegetation structure altered; obvious signs o disturbance.

I Good I 4 Vegetation structure significantly altered by very obvious signs of multiple disturbances. Retains

. basic vegetation structure or ability to regenerate it.

Degraded 5 Basic vegetation structure severely impacted by disturbance. Scope for regeneration but not to a state approaching good condition without intensive management.

. Completely I 6 The structure of the vegetation is no longer intact Degraded and the area is completely or almost completely

' without native species.

Flora & Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Lots 104-105 Bussetl Hwy, Margaret River 21 Onshore Ens ironmental Consultants

Flora ft Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River

mens recorded August Et November 2006. * alien a naturalised, ^ Pr ior i ty flora

_ - I FAMILY Vegetation type I ; 1 Species (Botanical Terminology) I 1 2 3 4 5 i 6 I. ANTHERICACEAE i 1 1 Agrostocrinum scabrum (R.Br.)..Baill.

Lindl. -I- -I --I- ... :

[ -: Caesia micrantha 1 : 4- : Tricoryne elatior ; R.Br. --11- 1 i APIACEAE i

-I- t " -- -I--

, 1 i Platp2ce tenuissima i (Benth.1C.Norman i : rkanthosia candida (Benth.) Steud. I ;

1

, 1 Xanthosia tasmanica I i I ARACEAE

i Domin. - I - -1 _L.. :

i • i •

I *Zantedeschia aethiopica i--- --I—

!Spreng. .. --I-

1 1 ! ; 1 i 1 i ASPAFtAGACEAE 1 1'

t - - - - i - - - i : I *Asparsgus aN?arsgoides _iii.. ) I Wight : :

- - 1 _.• ---I- ; ; 4 f i ASTERACEAE , .•

1 "Arctotheca calendula A L . ) Levyns I 1 4:

1 1 1 t1 1 i 1 , I Craspedia variabilis Et i

-II Everett Doust i -I ; I ; 1 1 1 :

I *Hypochaerls &bra i .

I _ i . . j...1 I 1 1

"Sonchus asiser . L. 1 1 i *Sonchus oleraceus

1 Hill - ...

! COLCHICACEAE 1 I : I!

, I;

i -I : i. Burchardia umbellata R.Br. i i 1 • -+- : I CRASSULACEAE I 1 ! i Crassula colorata t_ 1 (Nees) Ostenf.) : . • • i - - : i CYPERACEAE ' i *Cykerus tenellus

F t l f .

! l'

1--- i Ficin ia nodosa I (Rottb) M u n e Et Simpson : , r 1

t Lepidosperma squamatum i Labill. -1 1 h. i Mesomelaena tetragona 1 (R. Br.) Benth. 1 : 1 : 1 . 1 I Tetraria capillaris i--- 1. tetraria octandra 1- i 1. F.

i (Nees) Kuk. ...1 , I DASYPONONACEAE , , : ; i r -4--- i [Lomandra nigr_insca I T.Macfarlane • : 1 1

: ----i I Lomandra pyr_purea I (Endl.) Ewart 1 -1 - -

: 1 ;

i • - -: - i - - i ;

, --: : i I DENNSTAEDTIACEAE -t ,

L. P. terichum esculentum 1 -(G.Forst.) Cockayne 1 • 1 1 I 1 I DILLENIACEAE I

1 Steud. ! --i ;

I. Hibbertia amplexicaulls i ; 1 : Hibbertia hypericoides ! Benth. .. 1

,1 1. t : 1 , EPACRIDACEAE 1 , , t

i i Leucopogon capitellatus ; DC. I : 1 Lleucopogon propinquus

_.I. 1 1

1 Leu,Tepson verticillatus i R Br , i T1 -7-1 1 -E-UPHORBIACEAE ' - ; ,-- ["Euphorbia pepps 1 L. 1 *Euphorbia terricina 1 L .....i 1 i GENTIANACEAE I I Centaur/um tenuiflorum (Hoffrbans. 6 Link) Janeh. : 1 ,

---i• ' GOODENIACEAE r ten th . --+

: 1 • 1 scaevola calliptera I r RAEMObORACEAE

1_Anigozanthus flawdus • e oute a oc. 1 1 1: 1 tonos_t_y_l_us aculeata sw.. aculeata R. Br. 1 ; i Haemodorum simplex - 1 - - 1 -

i Lindl.

: I- fRIDACEAE - -1-- I-

1- '

i I r*Gladiolus undulatus ,-- -11-. ; Patersonia occidentalis R.Br. r 'it ul Il_.) Eckl. 1 ; ;: , _ d , JUNCACEAE , ' , I l Juncus pallidus 1 R.Br. -I ; i

H-- I ' [TAURACEAE i _I__ I Cassytha racemosa - ; Nees 1 1 : r LOBELIACEAE 1 , i lsotoma hypocrateriformis I (R.BrApruce : [ Lobelia tenuior i L

Onshore Environmental Consultants 22 Flora ft Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River 22 Onshore Environmental Consultants

APPENDIX 3 Total flora recorded within the survey area at Lots 104 Et 105 BusseII Highway Margaret River; all specimens recorded August a November 2006. alien Et natural ised, ^ Pr ior i ty flora

: FAMILY Vegetation type . ., ........;

1 Species (Botanical Terminology) • • 1 : 2 3 • 4 5 • 6 , , :.• -" - ! LOGANIACEAE I i 1 Logania serpylpfolia s.sp. angustifolia

1-(Benth.) B.J.Conn ! ; 1

I.MIMOSACEAE I ; 1 Acacia browniana var. browniona L H.L. Wendt. ! 1 i I

"t-1 ..-1 , , - - t - --1- ! -!-. . I. Acacia divergens I Benth.

['Acacia myrtifolia --1- J._(Sm.) Wiltd. r- i , I 1 ; 1 -1.-; _..... : : -;-- ! Acaciapulchella I R. Br. 1 I i 1 • I Acacia urpphylla ! Lindl. ! i

iI. --I 1 •

: i MYRTACEAE 1-

I

- I - 1 • f

. 1 4, , j, -1 t• i

.. • [Agonis flexuosa j (Willd.) Sweet i 1 1 ; ; I 1 I 1 ; 1 L Corymbia calophylla Lindley. --11 . ! I .; 1 1 ! 1 ! Eucalyptus diversicolor ! F.Muell. --1-

1 1 1 1 i Eucalyptus marginota ssp., mat-Oahu Donn. ex. Smith --I ---1-- 1-- -1

I.. 1 ! 1 1 1 4 i- , . , ! Hypocplymma angustifolium ! (Endl.) Schauer I 1 1 ; I ORABANCHACEAE I

; f iit-

• T ; L..._ i ... ! *Orobanche minor !Sm. i ; : ; , 1

I- I ; I ORCHIDACEAE 4. i • ;

, i *Disa bracteata i (Sw.) Durand Et Schinz 1- -1 1 TT i 1 .

1 ,- Prasophyllum brownii 4' Rcnb.f. ; i 1 I 1 ; -1 Thelymitra macrophylla i Lindl. ; , • ; 1 , 1 OXALIDACEAE • ; ! ;

1 *Oxalis incarnata I L. ; ; ; 1 1 1

1 - . : : ---, I PAPILIONACEAE • ; 4 , I 'Bossiaea disticha 4 Lindl. 1 1 • 1 ; ; ---- -- ! ; i Bossiaea linophylla 1 R.Br. ; 1 1 1 1

m -4 , 11

- i- -1- ! Bossiaea o a t a 1 (Lindl.) Benth. • ; 1 ' ;-- --- 4 Daviesia decurrens i Meisn. ; ; ,

I i : -; Gompholobium polymorphum I R.Br. ; ! : , ! 1 !

_ ,— : . i 1 1 Hardenbergia comptoniana 1 (Andrews) Benth. . • -4 -.• 4._. _.4_ _.1... 1 Hovea chorizemifolia I (Sweet) DC ; . : ; 1 - 1 Hovea i elliptica I (Sm.) DC. ; ! ! 1 ; 1 1 1 • 1- . 1 Vent. 1 ; : --- ; kennedia coccinea I 1 ; ; --I 1 --1- 1

1 1 : i *Lotus suaveolens i Pers. I I , 4.._. 4 _ . ri-Viminarialyncea i (Schrad. Et Wendt.) Hoffmanns. ! I ! i 1 . _ r PLANTAGINACEAE 1

t ' 4 - i i *Plantago lanceolata t

L. 1 4 1 I 1 4i 1 1 1 ; 1 I

' -i- i POACEAE ; . .1 1-1 i1 ! 1 ! 1 *Anthoxanthum odoratum I L. I ! I 1

i *Avena fatua , , L. t i 1 11 1 . ! 1

1 *Briza maxima i L. , ! 4 i 1 . i 1 1 1 1- ---i 1- I . ; 1 1 ; 1 ! *Briza minor 1 L. ; . 1 ; *Lolium rigidum Gaudin 1 1 1 _1. .1 ! i

:.,.. .. , *Pennisetum clandestinum 1 Chiov. ! 1 ! 1 Li ; I : Tetrarrhena laevis I R.Br. ; i : ; ; 1 ! POLYGALACEAE ; !

1 -;--- I t i i Comesperma confertum 1 Labill. 4 • 4

; i 1 1 1 POLYGONACEAE 7 - t i- - i - 1 i ! ...._, I ! i I *Rumex crispus , L. 1 1 1 : 1 i PRIMULACEAE ; ;

•-!- : —1 L*Anarilis arvensis i L. 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 PROTEACEAE 1 , ; 1--- ;

! I Banksia grondis ; r- i

' i .---, 1 - 1 i Hakeo amplexicaulis

iWilld. 1.R. Br. ! ;

4,- I 1 . 4 •-.4 i

Hakea lissocarpho 1 1 ! Persaania elliptica

Tri:Br. i R.Br.

.4_ 1 i 1

! Persoonia longifolia 1-R.Br. • i 1 i 1 . ; RANUNCULACEAE -4

I I 1 ! • ! 1- 1 Clematis_pybescens Endl. I ; ! i 1 1 ! 1, RESTIONACEAE • 3 -1- - I - - 1. ! besmocladus fasiculato 1 (R. Br.) Benth. , ; _., _1 1 ; • 1 ;

Hypolaena exsulca 1 R. Br. 1

, • . _ ; ; , i ; 1

! Hypolaena pubescens ! (R.Br.) Nees i , ! • ! 1 ; , . i

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Eiussell Hwy, Margaret River 23 Onshore Environmental Consultants

APPENDIX 3 Total flora recorded within the survey area at Lots 104 Et 105 Bussell Highway Margaret River; all specimens recorded August Et November 2006. al ien Et naturalised, ^ Pr ior i ty flora

FAMILY Vegetation type

Flora ft Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Busse( Hwy, Margaret River

laria hispidula 4

4- 1 Endl. t --

1 LRU , _ T A C E A E I 4-- I i th P h i l o e c a spcata —

JA.Rich.) PG Wilson : : r I SCROPHULARIACEAE I : i --I -:— I *Verbascum virgatum i 1 ,

_ :

I SOLANACEAE 1--

IL, Stokes r it +

—1 1- : 1 -Solanum nfgrum I L. 4 1 4 1 I I STACKHOUSIACEAE 1 I I Tripterococcus brunonis 1 Endl. 4- -I-- 1-i

,- I i

I STYLIDIACEAE . -I I I Levenhooldopysilla , R.Br. -- 1 : 1.*-Iidruiilamoenum 1 R. Br.

:- -----------------------------------------L1------------

I. .tylidium calcaratum I R.Br. 1. Stylidium,fosciculatum I R.Br.

..- i THYMELEACEAE 1 i I-Pimelea rosea ssp. rosea I R.Br.

1 r-fREJAANDRACEAE : . L

I :

Tremandra stelligera DC -4-- 1 . i 1 . I , 1 I I-XANTHORRHOEACEAE : ... I Xanthorrhoeapreissii I Endl. I : : riAMIACEAE --.1 I 1— 1- ! Macrozamia reidlei ; 1 (Fisch. ex Gaud.) Gardner

,

24 Flora ft Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Busse( Hwy, Margaret River Onshore Environmental Consultants 24 Onshore Environmental Consultants

APPENDIX 4 Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora (Atkins 2006).

R: Declared Rare Flora - Extant Taxa Taxa which have been adequately searched for, and are deemed to be in the wild either rare, in danger of extinction, or otherwise in need of special protection, and have been gazetted as such. 1: Priority One - Poorly Known Taxa

Taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations which are under threat, either due to small population size, or being on lands under immediate threat, e.g. road verges, urban areas, farm land, active mineral Leases, etc., or the plants are under threat, e.g. from disease, grazing by feral animals etc. May include taxa with threatened populations on protected lands. Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in urgent need for further survey. 2: Priority Two - Poorly Known Taxa

Taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in urgent need for further survey. 3: Priority Three - Poorly Known Taxa

Taxa which are known from several populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in urgent need for further survey. 4: Priority Four - Rare Taxa

Taxa which are considered to have been adequately surveyed and which, whilst being rare (in Australia), are not currently threatened by any identifiable factors. These taxa require monitoring every 5-10 years.

APPENDIX 5 Department of Environment and Conservation definition of Schedule codes for fauna species of conservation significance. Taken from the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2006.

1 Schedule 1 taxa are fauna which are rare or likely to become extinct and are declared to be fauna in need of special protection

2 Schedule 2 taxa are fauna which are presumed to be extinct and are declared to be fauna in need of special protection

Schedule 3 taxa are birds which are subject to an agreement between the governments of Australia and Japan relating to the protection of migratory birds and birds in danger of extinction, which are declared to be fauna in need of special protection

4 Schedule 4 taxa are fauna that are in need of special protection, other than for the reasons mentioned in (1), (2) and (3) above


Lots 104-105 Russell Hwy, Margaret River 25 Onshore Environmental Consultants

APPENDIX 6 Department of Environment and Conservation definition of Priority codes for fauna species of conservation significance. Taken from the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2006.

! 1 Priority 1: Taxa with few, poorly known populations on threatened lands

2

Taxa which are known from few specimens or sight records from one or only a few Localities on lands not managed for conservation. The taxon needs urgent survey and evaluation of conservation status before consideration can be given to declaration as threatened fauna.

_ Priority 2: Taxa with few, poorly known populations on conservation lands, or taxa with several, poorly known populations not on conservation lands

Taxa which are known from few specimens or sight records from one or a few localities on lands not under immediate threat of habitat destruction or degradation. The taxon needs urgent survey and evaluation of conservation status before consideration can be given to declaration as threatened fauna.

3 Priority 3: Taxa with several, poorly known populations, some on conservation lands

Taxa which are known from few specimens or sight records from several localities on lands not under immediate threat of habitat destruction or degradation. The taxon needs urgent survey and evaluation of conservation status before consideration can be given to declaration as threatened fauna.

• I Priority 4: Taxa in need of monitoring

Taxa which are considered to have been adequately surveyed or for which sufficient knowledge is available and which are considered not currently threatened or in need of special protection, but could be i f present circumstances change. These taxon are usually represented on conservation lands. Taxa which are declining significantly but are not yet threatened.

Flora Et Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lots 104-105 Bussell Hmr, Margaret River 26 Onshore Environmental Consultants

j„

••••

- .• • r

• IV'

Figure 5 Distribution of senescent trees with crown dieback (score 2 or 3), or rated as being hazardous

Lot 104 and 105 Busse!! Highway

PRELIMINARY WESTERN RINGTAIL POSSUM ASSESSMENT

and BLACK COCKATOO SURVEY

Prepared by Sean Smith of Environmental and Landscape Management Email: seanic(&iinetnet.au

Mob. 0437 806 119

October 2013

Environmental & Landscape Management

1 Table of Contents

1 Table of Contents 2 2 Introduction 4

2.1 Scope of report 4 3 Background 4

3.1 Fauna assessment 4 3.2 Native terrestrial fauna 5

3.2.1 Significance of native terrestrial fauna 5 3.2.2 Principles for the protection of native terrestrial fauna 5 3.2.3 Measures to protect native terrestrial fauna 5

3.3 Western Ringtail Possums 6 3.3.1 Biology 6 3.3.2 Development planning guidelines for Western Ringtail Possums in BusseIton and Dunsborough (04/02/2009 version) — Department of Environment and Conservation 7 3.3.3 Significant impact guidelines for the Vulnerable Western Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus occidentalis) in the southern Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia — Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts 8

3.4 Black Cockatoos 9 3.4.1 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 draft referral guidelines for three threatened black cockatoo species 9

4 The Study Area 14 4.1 Tenure and vesting 14 4.2 Historical and adjacent land uses 14

5 The Natural Environment 14 5.1 The physical environment 14

5.1.1 Landform 14 5.1.2 Soil and Geology 14 5.1.3 Hydrology 15 5.1.4 Climate 15

5.2 The biological environment 16 5.2.1 Vegetation 16 5.2.2 Declared Rare and Priority Flora 16 5.2.3 Threatened and Priority fauna 17 5.2.4 Local and Regional Significance 18 5.2.5 Threatened Ecological Communities 18

6 Methodology 19 7 Results 20

7.1 Inspecting habitat trees for dreys and scats 20 7.2 Infrared camera monitoring 20 7.3 Spotlighting results 20 7.4 Inspecting habitat trees for breeding, roosting or foraging value 21

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7.5 Evidence of breeding activity on the site 25 7.6 Presence of black cockatoos at the site and in the nearby areas 25

8 Discussion 26 8.1 Development site 26 8.2 Habitat values and the subdivision 27 8.3 Off-sets 27 8.4 Nearby habitat areas 27 8.5 Clearing 28 8.6 Planting 29 8.7 Mitigation Plan 29

8.7.1 Clearing 29 8.7.2 Contractors 29 8.7.3 Scheduling 30 8.7.4 How WRP will be managed during clearing 30 8.7.5 What monitoring is to occur 30 8.7.6 WRP and drey locations 30

9 References 31 10 APPENDIX 1: POTENTIAL HABITAT TREE LOCATIONS 33 11 APPENDIX 2: PROPOSED LOT LAYOUT SHOWING DEVELOPMENT AREAS 34 12 APPENDIX 3: IMPORTANT AREAS FOR WESTERN RINGTAIL POSSUMS — DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, WATER, HERITAGE AND THE ARTS 35 13 APPENDIX 4: CLEARING PROTOCOLS — DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION 36

Copyright: The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Environmental and Landscape Management. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of Environmental and Landscape Management constitutes an infringement of copyright.

Disclaimer: All attempts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the material presented in this report. However, some information may be inaccurate due to changes to database information or government policy or legislation. Seasonal variation and the ephemeral nature of native vegetation also present limitations on the overall accuracy of the information in this report

DOCUMENT STATUS STATUS DATE ISSUED Original 18 October 2013 SJS Amended 12 December 2013 SJS

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2 Introduction

Situated along Busse!! Highway, approximately 2 kilometres from the Margaret River town centre, Lots 104 and 105 Busse!! Highway are under consideration for subdivision for residential lots. The subject site currently contains cleared paddock areas and remnant forest.

Figure 1: Site location (image courtesy of the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River lntramaps).

2.1 Scope of report

The consultant was asked to undertake a Preliminary Western Ringtail Possum (WRP) Assessment and Black Cockatoo survey of the site.

3 Background

3.1 Fauna assessment

The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) provides a number of Guidance Statements to assist with assessing fauna values of a site. Guidance Statement Number 33 — Environmental Guidance for Planning and Development provides overall guidelines including those for fauna assessments. Guidance Statement Number 56 provides advice on Terrestrial Fauna Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia. A number of general principles are outlined in the Guidance Statements and these are summarised below.

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3.2 Native terrestrial fauna

3.2.1 Significance of native terrestrial fauna

Native fauna are an integral part of the state's rich biodiversity and they play an essential role in maintaining the balance in ecosystems.

3.2.2 Principles for the protection of native terrestrial fauna

The broad objectives for the protection of native terrestrial fauna include: • Protect and manage adequate natural areas — by retaining at least 30%

coverage of ecological communities. • Adopt an ecosystem management approach. • Adopt environmentally sound management practices. • Development should not result in species extinction. • Adopt an integrated and consultative approach. • Obtain adequate information to allow informed decision making. • Mitigate impacts.

3.2.3 Measures to protect native terrestrial fauna

The EPA recommends a number of measures to protect native terrestrial fauna. • Avoid the disturbance of native habitat. • Retain adequate representative areas of all ecological communities. • Retain areas with a locally high diversity of fauna species and/or range of

ecological communities. • Retain the areas with the best quality habitat. • Retain native vegetation and fauna habitat where it is scarce, and where it

may help sustain threatened species and species of special interest. • Retain areas that support populations of a locally declining species. • Protect wetland, waterway and coastal foreshore buffer areas. • Retain connected sequences of ecological communities. • Maintain ecological linkages between key habitat areas. • Retain a number of large compact bushland areas, where possible. • Retain areas of native fauna habitat valued by the community for cultural,

recreational, educational or other reasons. • Retain areas identified through regional and local strategic and structure

planning procedures, and site-specific assessments, for the retention or restoration of native habitat.

• Near key areas of fauna habitat, position and manage land uses so as to avoid adverse effects on the conservation values of the habitat (for example, maintain buffers).

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Additional measures suggested include:

O Avoid development in areas of natural native fauna habitat. O Set aside land for conservation or multiple use open space purposes.

Consider establishing reserves and encouraging conservation covenants on areas of significant habitat.

O Impose and enforce conditions of approval or scheme provisions that, depending on the particular circumstances, may require:

O Baseline survey for the purposes of ongoing monitoring and management.

O The preparation and implementation of a management plan for particular fauna habitat or species.

O Restoration or creation of fauna habitat in defined locations, for example, through revegetation and/ or the provision of habitat elements such as protective cover, roosting or nesting sites.

O Consider requirements of targeted species - fencing, for example, dog proof fencing, and control of access.

O Predator and/or disease control. O The management of potential pollutants, for example, management

of stormwater pollutants through the implementation of a water management plan.

O A fire management plan. O Vegetated (or rehabilitated) buffers, for example, adjoining

conservation areas. O The collection of specimens and relocation of species, but only if

supported by relevant agencies, for example, DEC, and in compliance with all legislative requirements.

O Provision of ecological linkages.

3.3 Western Ringtail Possums

3.3.1 Biology

Based on information provided by the DEC (2011), the Western Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus occidentalis) head and body is usually around 30 to 40cm in length with a tail that is 30 to 40cm long. They weigh between 0.8 and just over 1 kilogram and have dark brown and sometimes grey hair on the top of their body. The underside is usually cream or grey. They have short and rounded ears and a prehensile tail which has a white tip that can vary in length.

Habitat includes coastal willow peppermint and tuart associations from Bunbury to Albany. The highest densities are found along the Swan Coastal Plain near BusseIton in dense, relatively lush vegetation. Nesting sites can occur on or near the ground in low shrub thickets, sedges, rushes and grass when predators are

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absent. Where predators occur, tree hollows and dreys in tree canopies are used.

The possums are highly arboreal and are rarely seen on the ground. Dreys are the usual daytime rest area near the coast with eucalypt hollows preferred on hot days in areas more than four kilometres from the coast. In dense willow peppermint forest, home ranges are around 0.5 to 1.5 hectares and around 2.5 hectares in eucalypt forest, with adjacent home ranges overlapping. Diet is mostly the leaves of the willow peppermint, with marri and jarrah leaves also eaten in inland areas. Breeding is mostly in winter with the young suckling for six to seven months. Threatening processes include habitat loss, predation, particularly by foxes, and changing fire regimes.

3.3.2 Development planning guidelines for Western Ringtail Possums in BusseIton and Dunsborough (04/02/2009 version) — Department of Environment and Conservation

The DEC has produced draft guidelines that assist with any assessment of the impacts of development on the habitat of Western Ringtail Possums (WRP). The guidelines focus primarily on the coastal strip between BusseIton and Dunsborough and extend out to the coastal strip between Bunbury to Yallingup.

The guidelines provide a range of triggers for assessment, based mostly around the core habitat, primary habitat and supporting habitat areas identified within the Federal Government guidelines and shown in Appendix 3 of this report.

Western Ringtail Possums are declared 'Vulnerable' under the Federal Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). Any proposal that is likely to have a 'significant impact' on WRP must be referred to the Department for Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEWHA). WRP are considered 'Threatened' under the WA Wildlife Conservation Act 1950. Any action that kills, captures, disturbs or threatens the fauna is considered an offence under the Act.

Preliminary WRP Assessments are recommended for early in the development process. The survey requirements for these assessments are outlined in the guidelines. A WRP Mitigation Plan may be required based on the results of the preliminary assessment. Mitigation plans are expected to address:

• How clearing will occur; • Contractor undertaking clearing; • Scheduling of clearing; • How WRP will be managed during clearing; • What monitoring is to occur; and, • WRP and drey locations (from previous surveys).

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Pre-development surveys require extensive work over an extended period of time and are required where there are likely to be significant impacts on WRP.

Several options are considered acceptable for management of populations of WRP. These include:

1. Retention of WRP habitat on site 2. Natural spread of WRP to nearby habitat (disperse or relocate) 3. Translocation of WRP to an approved DEC translocation site.

Clearing protocols are outlined in the guidelines that are to be followed during any clearing on the site. The protocol requires that there is a 'Possum spotter' on site during any clearing operations. The clearing protocols are attached as Appendix 4 in this report.

Environmental offsets are considered for management of WRP, as per the relevant EPA guideline.

Post clearing monitoring and reporting to the DEC is required under the guidelines.

3.3.3 Significant impact guidelines for the Vulnerable Western Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus occidentalis) in the southern Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia — Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts

The Federal Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and Arts has prepared guidelines to assist proponents to determine if their proposals are likely to have 'significant impacts' and require referral under the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).

The policy has specific reference to the area between Sunbury and Yallingup as shown in the map in Appendix 3 of this report. Clearing greater than 0.5 hectares or 50% of a habitat area are generally considered likely to have significant impacts in the key areas shown on the map in Appendix 3.

Proposals are expected to be designed to avoid impacts by retaining habitat areas and creating additional habitat to compensate for any that is lost. It is recommended that peppermint trees and the sedge understory are planted on the site and nearby. Measures to mitigate impacts include:

• retain and improve remnant habitat patches, including corridors

• retain peppermint trees with a diameter at breast height of greater than ten cm, while also avoiding:

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o soil disturbance within three meters of the trunk

o heavy branch pruning, which may affect connectivity of the canopy, and

o filling around the base of trees.

• avoid creating breaks of six metres or more in existing canopy cover

• use landscape plantings as a means of creating or improving connectivity. For example:

o plant and nurture new peppermint trees (and sedge understorey) to replace any that must be removed

o plant and nurture additional peppermint trees (and plant sedge understorey) to fill in gaps or enhance existing habitat

• where solid fences are required, construct to a height of 180-240 cm to allow possums to move around with less risk of dog attack.

In-site conservation and habitat augmentation are the preferred options under the guidelines. Translocation is not considered as on off-set measure within the context of the EPBC Act.

3.4 Black Cockatoos

3.4.1 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 draft referral guidelines for three threatened black cockatoo species

Carnaby's cockatoo (endangered) Calyptorhynchus latirostris Baudin's cockatoo (vulnerable) Calyptorhynchus baudinii Forest red-tailed black cockatoo (vulnerable) Calyptorhynchus banksii naso

Black cockatoos are long-lived, slow-breeding birds that display strong pair bonds and probably mate for life. These characteristics exacerbate the effects of population decline and habitat loss, and make population recovery very slow. Baudin's cockatoo breeds from August/September to February/March, while Carnaby's cockatoo breeds from July/August to January/February. The forest red-tailed black cockatoo is thought to breed in October/November, but in years with good autumn rainfall they may breed in March/April. All three black cockatoos addressed in the guidelines breed in hollows in very long-lived trees. Hollows large enough for nesting black cockatoos are usually only found in trees that are more than 200 years old.

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Currently, the overall population trend for all three black cockatoo species is declining. Large-scale clearing has seen a significant proportion of original black cockatoo habitat removed. Habitat loss and alteration contribute to the major decline in population density and occupancy of habitat across the range.

The seasonal movements of black cockatoos means they require large areas of habitat for breeding, roosting and foraging, as well as connectivity between these habitats to assist their movement through the landscape.

Breeding habitat

Black cockatoos breed in large hollow-bearing trees, generally within woodlands or forests. The size of the tree (measured as the diameter at breast height) can be a useful indication of the hollow-bearing potential of the tree and is used to define areas of forest or woodland that are likely breeding habitat. In a woodland stand with trees of suitable diameter at breast height, all trees of all ages and size are potentially important for maintaining breeding in the long term.

Foraging habitat

While breeding, black cockatoos will generally forage within a 10-15 km radius of their nesting site. Following breeding, birds assemble into flocks and move through the landscape searching for food. Because of this mobility, and the irregular or infrequent flowering patterns of many of their food sources, large areas of foraging habitat are required to support black cockatoo populations.

Roosting habitat

Al! three black cockatoos use communal roosting sites. Flocks may use several different roosts across the year, with major roosts typically used for a period of weeks or until the local foraging resources are exhausted. Flocks of black cockatoos show some fidelity to roost sites, with 'traditional' roost sites being used in most years to access high-quality feeding sites. Due to changing patterns of food and water availability across the landscape, not all roosts will be used every year. Carnaby's and Baudin's cockatoos mainly use roost sites in the non-breeding areas. However, both breeding and non-breeding forest red-tailed black cockatoos use roosting sites. Groups of birds will roost in a suitable tree or group of tall trees, usually close to an important water source, and fly to feeding areas each day before returning to the roost at night. However, use of roosts sites may vary from daily to weekly. Roosts are generally located in the tallest trees in an area.

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Table 1: habitats used by black cockatoos. Habitat

Baudin's Carnaby's Forest red- tailed

Breeding Any patch of Any patch of Any patch of woodland or woodland or woodland or forest that forest that forest that contains live or contains live or contains live or dead trees of dead trees of dead trees of karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor), marri (Corymbia calophylla), wandoo (E.wandoo) or

salmon gum (E. salmonophloia), wandoo, tuart, jarrah (E. marginata), flooded gum (E.

marri, karri, wandoo, bull ich (E. megacarpa) or jarrah, with either a diameter at

tuart (E. rudis), york gum breast height gomphocephala), with either a

(E. loxophleba subsp.

greater than 500 mm, or

diameter at breast height greater than 500 mm, or presence of suitable nest hollow,

loxophleba), karri or marri, with either a diameter at breast height greater than 500 mm, or presence of suitable nest hollow'.

presence of suitable nest hollow.

Roosting Generally in or Generally in or Tall jarrah and near riparian near riparian marri trees environments or environments or within or on the natural and natural and edges of artificial permanent water sources. Jarrah, marri, flooded gum, blackbutt (E. patens), tuart, and introduced eucalypts including blue gum (E. globulus), and lemon scented gum (Corymbia citriodora).

artificial permanent water sources. Flat-topped yate (E. occidentalis), salmon gum, wandoo, marri, karri, blackbutt, tuart, introduced eucalypts (for example blue gum) and introduced

forests.

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pines.

Foraging Eucalypt Native Jarrah and marri woodlands and forest, and

shrubland, kwongan

eucalypt woodlands and

proteaceous heathland and forest within the woodland and woodland range of the heath. During the breeding season feed primarily on native vegetation, particularly marri. Outside the breeding season, may feed in pome fruit orchards (mostly apple and pear, but also persimmon) and tips of Pinus spp.

dominated by proteaceous plant species such as Banksia spp. (including Dryandra spp.), Hakea spp. and Grevillea spp. Forages in pine plantations (Pinus spp.), Eucalypt woodland and forest that contains foraging species. Also individual trees and small stands of these 1 species.

subspecies.

Foraging: common food Mostly marri Seeds, flowers Mostly seeds of items (seeds, flowers,

nectar and and nectar of native

marri and jarrah, also

grubs) and proteaceous Allocasuarina proteaceous plant species cones. On the trees and shrubs. Also other native seeds and

(for example, Banksia spp., Hakea spp., 1

Swan Coastal Plain, often feed on introduced

introduced fruits; insects and insect larvae; pith of kangaroo paw (Anigozanthos flavidus); juice of

Dryandra spp, and Grevillea spp) and eucalypts. Also seeds of introduced species

cape lilac (Melia azedarach).

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ripe persimmons; including Pinus tips of Pinus spp. spp., Erodium

spp., wild radish, canola, almonds and pecan nuts; insects and insect larvae; occasionally flesh and juice of apples and persimmons.

Any significant impacts on the habitat of black cockatoos may require a referral under the Federal legislation. The following table can be used to determine if significant impacts are likely.

Referral guidelines High risk of significant impacts: referral recommended

Clearing of any known nesting tree Clearing of any part or degradation of breeding habitat Clearing of more than 1 ha of quality foraging habitat. Creating a gap of greater than 4 km between patches of black cockatoo

habitat (breeding, foraging or roosting). Clearing or degradation (including pruning the top canopy) of a known

roosting site (see glossary).

Uncertainty: referral recommended or contact the department

Degradation (such as through altered hydrology or fire regimes) of more than 1 ha of foraging habitat. Significance will depend on the level and extent of degradation and the quality of the habitat.

Clearing or disturbance in areas surrounding black cockatoo habitat that has the potential to degrade habitat through introduction of invasive species, edge effects, hydrological changes, increased human visitation or fire.

Actions that do not directly affect the listed species but that have the potential for indirect impacts such as increasing competitors for nest hollows.

Actions with the potential to introduce known plant diseases such as Phytophthora spp.

Low risk of significant impacts: referral may not be required but you may refer for legal certainty

Actions that do not affect black cockatoo habitat or individuals. Actions whose impacts occur outside the modelled distribution of the three

black cockatoos.

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4 The Study Area

4.1 Tenure and vesting

Both of the lots are zoned 'Future Development' under the Shire Augusta Margaret River Town Planning Scheme No. 1 and are owned freehold.

4.2 Historical and adjacent land uses

The site is located within the Margaret River townsite opposite the Brookfield subdivision and adjacent two other similar zoned properties and several reserves. The Rails to Trails reserve passes along the western boundary of the overall site. Agricultural zoned land is located to the south of the overall site. Historically the land has been used for grazing and more recently as lifestyle lots.

5 The 1 e w & Environment

5.1 The physical environment

5.1.1 Landform

The site is located on the Leeuwin Block, a narrow area along the coast between Cape Naturaliste and Cape Leeuwin, which is dominated by a gently undulating lateritic plateau (Department of Agriculture, 2003). The plateau is dissected by a series of valley systems and has formed on lateritized granitic and gneissic basement rock (Tille and Lantzke, 1990).

5.1.2 Soil and Geology

The soils across the majority of the overall site are characterized as the Cowaramup undifferentiated uplands phase (C0u) (see Figure 2) (Department of Agriculture, 2013). These soils occur on lateritic flats, low rises and gentle slopes on weathered mantle over granitic rocks in the Margaret River district between Eagle Bay and Augusta. Soils are generally loamy gravels, duplex sandy gravels, semi-wet soils and grey deep sandy duplexes. Typical vegetation includes marri-jarrah forest and woodland.

The south-eastern corner of the site is characterised as the Cowaramup wet vales phase (COvw) (see Figure 2). These soils occur on broad, swampy floored

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drainage depressions on weathered mantle over granite in the Margaret River district between Dunsborough and Augusta. Soils are typically wet and semi-wet soils, grey deep sandy duplexes, loamy gravels and duplex sandy gravels. Typical vegetation includes marri, jarrah, paperbark and tea tree woodland and forest.

COvw

ITE LOCATION

Figure 2: Soils across the site (image courtesy of the Department of Agriculture, 2013).

5.1.3 Hydrology

The elevation across the site is approximately 93 - 105 metres above sea level. A tributary of the Darch Brook runs through the southern portion of the site.

5.1.4 Climate

The southwest region of Western Australia experiences a Mediterranean climate with warm dry summers and cool wet winters. The closest weather monitoring station is based at Witchcliffe. The average annual rainfall recorded at the station is 973.5 mm, with most of the rain falling between April and October (Bureau of Meteorology, 2013). The average daily temperature is between 10.6 and 21.2 degrees.

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5.2 The biological environment

5.2.1 Vegetation

The vegetation type that would have occurred across the overall site is considered uniform and is classified as NVIS Vegetation Type 897, medium forest of Jarrah and Marri (Department of Agriculture, 2013). The floristic formation is considered to be open eucalypt forest. Eucalyptus marginata and Corymbia calophylla are considered to have been co-dominant on the site. The vegetation type and likely coverage across the site corresponds with the Beard Vegetation Association Number 3. According to Shepherd et al (2002), 72.1 per cent of the pre-European extent of this vegetation type remains.

COPARAbl •

•rr

r

<

L -

1-- ,

E. .\ „;'• v

Figure 3: Vegetation classification for the site (image courtesy of the Department of Agriculture, 2013).

The vegetation is further classified as the Cowaramup vegetation association (see Figure 3).

5.2.2 Declared Rare and Priority Flora

Declared Rare flora species are gazetted under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950. Priority flora species are listed by the Department of Environment and Conservation as flora that are under consideration for declaration as Rare Flora.

The following classifications are used by the DEC and are listed on the Florabase website (http://florabase.dec.wa.qov.au/conservationtaxa, 2011):

X — Declared Rare Flora - Presumed Extinct - taxa which have not been collected, or otherwise verified, over the past 50 years despite thorough searching, or of which all known wild populations have been destroyed more recently, and have been gazetted as such, following approval by the Minister for

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the Environment, after recommendation by the State's Endangered Flora Consultative Committee.

R — Declared Rare Flora — Extant taxa which have been adequately searched for, and are deemed to be in the wild either rare, in danger of extinction, or otherwise in need of special protection, and have been gazetted as such, following approval by the Minister for the Environment, after recommendation by the State's Endangered Flora Consultative Committee. ( = Threatened Flora = Endangered + Vulnerable).

Priority One — Poorly Known taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations which are under threat, either due to small population size, or being on lands under immediate threat, e.g. road verges, urban areas, farmland, active mineral leases, etc., or the plants are under threat, e.g. from disease, grazing by feral animals, etc. May include taxa with threatened populations on protected lands. Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in urgent need of further survey.

Priority Two — Poorly known taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in urgent need of further survey.

Priority Three — taxa which are known from several populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in need of further survey.

Priority Four - rare taxa which are considered to have been adequately surveyed and which, whilst being rare (in Australia), are not currently threatened by any identifiable factors. These taxa require monitoring every 5-10 years.

5.2.3 Threatened and Priority fauna

Fauna are similarly protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act of 1950. The following classifications are used by the Department of Environment and Conservation.

Schedule 1 — Fauna that is rare or likely to become extinct Schedule 2 — Presumed extinct Schedule 3 — Birds protected under international agreement Schedule 4 — Other specially protected fauna Priority 1 — Species with few, poorly known populations on threatened lands Priority 2 — Taxa with few, poorly known populations on conservation lands

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Priority 3 — Species with several poorly known populations, some on conservation land Priority 4 — Taxa in need of monitoring Priority 5 — Taxa in need of monitoring (conservation dependent).

5.2.4 Local and Regional Significance

Under the Future Development zoning the native vegetation across the site has a high level of protection, subject to the provisions within the structure plan.

5.2.5 Threatened Ecological Communities

Threatened Ecological Communities are protected under the Federal Government's Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. The State Government has its own register of Priority and Threatened Ecological Communities though this listing has no protection under legislation.

The definitions for Threatened Ecological Communities that are used by the DEC are as follows (DEC, 2010):

Presumed Totally Destroyed (PD) - An ecological community that has been adequately searched for but for which no representative occurrences have been located.

Critically Endangered (CR) - An ecological community that has been adequately surveyed and found to have been subject to a major contraction in area and/or that was originally of limited distribution and is facing severe modification or destruction throughout its range in the immediate future, or is already severely degraded throughout its range but capable of being substantially restored or rehabilitated.

Endangered (EN) - An ecological community that has been adequately surveyed and found to have been subject to a major contraction in area and/or was originally of limited distribution and is in danger of significant modification throughout its range or severe modification or destruction over most of its range in the near future.

Vulnerable (VU) - An ecological community that has been adequately surveyed and is found to be declining and/or has declined in distribution and/or condition and whose ultimate security has not yet been assured and/or a community that is still widespread but is believed likely to move into a category of higher threat in the near future if threatening processes continue or begin operating throughout its range.

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Priority One: Poorly-known ecological communities. Ecological communities that are known from very few occurrences with a very restricted distribution (generally 5_5 occurrences or a total area of 100ha).

Priority Two: Poorly-known ecological communities Communities that are known from few occurrences with a restricted distribution (generally 0 occurrences or a total area of 200ha).

Priority Three: Poorly known ecological communities

Priority Four: Ecological communities that are adequately known, rare but not threatened or meet criteria for Near Threatened, or that have been recently removed from the threatened list. These communities require regular monitoring.

Priority Five: Conservation Dependent ecological communities Ecological communities that are not threatened but are subject to a specific conservation program, the cessation of which would result in the community becoming threatened within five years.

6 Methodology

The survey has been carried out in accordance with the DEC and DEWHA guidelines. Prior to conducting the assessment, a desktop assessment was undertaken of aerial photography and other relevant information. A number of field visits were undertaken during August, September and October 2013. Field work was carried out by an appropriately experienced person.

The main focus of the survey work is the bushland/woodland within and surrounding areas proposed for development.

An infrared motion sensitive camera was used for ascertaining the presence of native fauna. The camera is a Scoutguard 5G550 supplied by Outdoor Cameras Australia. The camera was set up in several areas likely to provide good habitat, within the area that may be cleared for development.

A daytime survey of suitable habitat trees within the development area was undertaken. A number of Agonis flexuosa trees and the associated undergrowth were examined for the presence of dreys or scats. The trees were marked with a GPS and the locations are shown in Figure 4 below. Jarrah, marri and karri trees within the development area were examined for diameter at breast height (DBH), condition and habitat value. Other trees outside of the development area that were considered to provide suitable habitat were examined though they were not marked with the GPS.

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Night spotlighting for Western Ringtail Possums was undertaken according to the Department of Environment and Conservation Development Planning Guidelines. Spotlighting was undertaken on two non-consecutive clear and rain free nights in the early evening on Wednesday 25 September and Wednesday 2 October 2013.

Daytime observations for the presence of black cockatoos were undertaken for the site and nearby areas.

Observations will continue up to the end of December and the information will be provided as an addendum to the report.

7 Results

7.1 Inspecting habitat trees for dreys and scats

Trees that are likely to provide habitat for Western Ringtail Possums were inspected for any evidence of dreys or scats. These are primarily willow peppermint (Agonis flexuosa) trees. As far as practicable, individual trees within the development area were inspected and marked using a GPS and are shown on Figure 4 below.

No evidence of dreys or scats was found in habitat trees that are growing within the development area.

7.2 Infrared camera monitoring

The motion sensitive infrared camera was set up in what was considered to be a good habitat near or within areas where development is to occur. Over a three week period no activity was detected. The camera was fixed to trees in three separate locations during the peak time of September/ early October.

7.3 Spotlighting results

Spotlighting was undertaken on clear, rain-free nights between 8:30 and 10:00PM. No evidence of the presence of WRP was found within the development areas during the spotlighting.

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7.4 Inspecting habitat trees for breeding, roosting or foraging value

Trees that are likely to provide breeding, roosting or foraging habitat for black cockatoos within the development were examined. There are a number of trees that meet the criteria of having a DBH of 500mm or greater. These trees have been marked by GPS and are shown on Outline Development Plan image for the site on Figure 4 below. The full description of each of these trees or groups of trees is provided in Table 1 below.

The accuracy of the GPS positions varies with terrain, vegetation cover and weather conditions throughout the day. The tree positions shown are accurate within 2 to 4 metres of the positions shown on the Figure.

111;to &ft River

1'4 -11r•

Figure 4 Locations of potential habitat trees examined for size, condition and habitat values.

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Table 1: Tree size, condition and habitat values.

Tree identification

DBH/Height (metres)

Condition Habitat values

AF1 Greater than 10cm DBH

Pruned below power lines - poor shape

No dreys or scats, no understorey


Multi-trunked, healthy





AF4 and 5 Greater than 10cm DBH


No dreys or scats, no understorey No dreys or scats, no understorey

Dam - approx.. 20 AF trees

Greater than 10cm DBH

Varying condition


Lone mature tree No dreys or scats, no understorey

AF 7 and 8 Greater than 10cm DBH

Young trees No dreys or scats

AF9 (Lot 105) Greater than 10cm DBH

Multi-trunked No dreys or scats

M1 1/-25 Spreading canopy, healthy

No hollows

J1 0.6/-12 Limited canopy, dead branches

Limited value

M2 1.1/-30 Spreading canopy Likely to contain hollows

M3 and 4 1.2/-30 May contain , hollows

K1 0.8/-25 Dropping branches

Unlikely to provide habitat

Square of peppies - 13 trees (very likely to have been planted)

Greater than 10cm DBH

Healthy No dreys or scats

K2 1.4/-25 Wide canopy _

May have hollows M5 1/-25 Wide and

spreading canopy May contain hollows

M6 0.9/-25 Wide canopy May contain hollows

J2 0.9/-20 Dead limbs Limited value J3 0.65/15-20 Some spreading

branches No hollows. Limited roosting.

J4 0.7/15-20 Some dead branches, may be

No hollows. Limited roosting.

22

affected by termites

M7 0.65/20 Unlikely to contain hollows

M8 0.55/15-20 No hollows M9 0.6/10 Dead at top - may

be due to lightning damage

Limited habitat value

M10 0.50/10-15 No hollows M11 0.50/10-15 Unlikely to have

hollows M12 0.50/-10 No hollows M13 0.50/-20 No hollows J5 0.85/10-15 Damaged by

lightning May have hollows

J6 0.85/-20 May have hollows. Some roosting value.

J7 0.65/25 Unlikely to contain hollows

M14 0.60/-20 Spreading canopy Unlikely to contain hollows. May provide roosting habitat

J8 0.87/-25 Burnt, dead branches

May have hollows. Limited roosting.

M15 0.8/10-15 Bifurcated trunk No hollows J9 0.5/-15 No hollows or

roosting value M16 0.7/-25 May have been

struck by lightning Unlikely to contain hollows

M17 0.6/-25 May have been struck by lightning

No hollows

M18 0.5/-25 No hollows and limited roosting value

M19 0.65/-25 No hollows, some roosting value

M20 0.75/-20 No hollows, some roosting value

AF9 (Lot 104) Greater than 10cm DBH

No dreys or scats

M21 0.55/-15 No hollows, limited roosting

K3 0.60/-15 Multiple trunks No hollows, limited roosting

23

AF 10 and 11 Greater than 10cm DBH

No dreys or scats

M22 0.70/20-25 No hollows or roosting

K4 0.65/-30 No hollows, some roosting value

AF group x 4 Greater than 10cm DBH

No dreys or scats

AF group x 4 # 2 Greater than 10cm DBH

No dreys or scats

M23 0.55/-15 Multiple trunks Some roosting value

M24 0.80/-20 Multiple trunks No hollows J10 0.50/-25 No hollows,

limited roosting AF12 15m high Spreading canopy No dreys or scats M25 0.80/-20 Lighting damage Some hollows M26 0.60/-25 No hollows , limited roosting M27 0.70/-25 Multiple trunks No hollows,

limited roosting J11 0.80/-20 Multiple trunks No hollows,

limited roosting M28 0.60/-25 Multiple trunks Roosting M29 0.70/-25 Bifurcated trunk Limited roosting M30 0.80/-20 No hollows,

limited roosting M31 0.55/-20 Bifurcated trunk No hollows or

roosting M32 0.55/-20 No hollows with

limited roosting M33 0.60/-20 Bifurcated trunk No hollows,

limited roosting M34 0.60/-20 No hollows,

limited coasting AF x 2 Greater than

10cm DBH No dreys, no scats

AF x 6 Greater than 10cm DBH

No dreys, no scats

M35 0.80/-25 Co-dominant (bifurcated), multiple trunks

No hollows

M36 0.60/-20 Lightning damage No hollows, limited roosting


No dreys or scats

24

J12 0.50/-20 Multiple trunks No hollows, limited roosting

M37 0.50/-20 Lighting damage No hollows, limited roosting

M38 and AF14 0.60/-20 (marri) No hollows, some roosting (marri), No dreys or scats (Agonis flexuosa)

M39 0.50/-20 Dead at top No hollows, limited roosting

J13 0.60/-25 No hollows, limited roosting

J14 0.50/-20 No hollows, limited roosting

M40 0.50/-20 No hollows, limited roosting

J15 0.60/-20 No hollows, some roosting

M41 and 42 0.50/-25 No hollows, some roosting

AF = Agonis flexuosa, M = Marri (Corymbia calophylla), J = Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata)

There is a number of pine trees located on the north-western boundary of the Lot 104. These trees may provide some value as foraging habitat.

7.5 Evidence of breeding activity on the site

Trees that have the potential for breeding hollows were examined with the aid of binoculars to determine if breeding is occurring within the tree canopy. No evidence of breeding was observed on the overall site.

7.6 Presence of black cockatoos at the site and in the nearby areas

Black cockatoos have been observed as individuals in the nearby areas and on the site. No flocks of birds have been seen roosting on the site during the time of the survey.

25

8 Discussion

8.1 Development site

The two lots have been extensively cleared for agriculture and the current lifestyle uses. The development proposal is based on utilising the largely cleared areas for new housing lots that are between 300 and 500 square metres in size. The lots are oriented approximately north-south with the road network coming off BusseII Highway to service the lots.

Inspection of the woodland area where it is proposed that house lots or roads are to be constructed indicates that there are a number of trees that may fulfil the criteria as important habitat trees for black cockatoos.

The stands include mostly marri trees (Corymbia calophylla) along with jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata), karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) and willow peppermints (Agonis flexuosa).

The area with the best quality trees with an intact understorey is found in the north-western portion of Lot 105. This area is to be retained as common property to be maintained by the strata company. There are a considerable number of suitable habitat trees that will be kept within this area. This area of bush also connects with the streamline vegetation on the southern portion of Lot 105 that is to be retained as the Public Open Space component of the proposal.

Given the lot sizes, it is very unlikely that any trees that are growing within the central portion of an individual lot can be retained. However, trees that are growing within the front or rear of an individual lot may be able to be retained, depending on proposed earthworks. Trees that are growing within the proposed road reserve may be able to be retained, again depending on proposed earthworks.

The majority of the trees identified (M8-M42, J6-J15) occur on existing Lot 104. The woodland on this lot has the poorest quality with most of the understorey cleared. The overall area is around 0.9 hectares in size.

The general condition of a number of the trees means that they should be assessed by a qualified tree surgeon prior to construction for corrective pruning and perhaps removal of trees that are severely damaged or unsafe. Trees with bifurcated/co-dominant trunks should be assessed for stability and safety within the context of the proposed uses of the site. The management of the trees will need to be considered as a group due to the prevailing winds and potential for wind-throw for trees exposed to winds if neighbouring trees are removed.

26

8.2 Habitat values and the subdivision

The survey has found no evidence of VVRP activity within the areas that are to be developed as a part of the subdivision.

There are a number of native eucalypt trees that fulfil the criteria as suitable habitat trees for black cockatoos. Black cockatoos have been observed roosting as individuals in trees on the site as well as within several kilometres of the site. No evidence was found of breeding on the site.

The site visit coincides with potential breeding times for all three species of cockatoo. While the trees can be considered to provide potential breeding habitat, they are more likely to provide a roosting or foraging opportunity. The trees are amongst some of the tallest in the local area. The riparian area greatly increases the value of the site for roosting.

Trees that have openings greater than 12cm in diameter would be suitable for a black cockatoo to enter for nesting. Any trees that are observed with tree hollows of this dimension should be retained wherever possible.

8.3 Off-sets

The strata subdivision has allowed for the retention of the bushland/woodland on the north-western corner of Lot 105 in addition to the Public Open Space along the streamline. Retaining this area, along with suitable rehabilitation and planting of the Public Open Space with suitable habitat species will serve as an off-set to any habitat trees that may be removed as part of the development.

8.4 Nearby habitat areas

The site is adjacent the Rails to Trails reserve which adjoins Vacant Crown Land. The Rails to Trails reserve and adjoining Vacant Crown Land contain intact native vegetation with large trees that are likely to provide habitat value. There are other parcels of Vacant Crown Land and reserved land in the nearby area that contain intact native vegetation that are also likely to provide habitat for black cockatoos.

27

8.5 Clearing

Trees that are to be retained should be marked will flagging tape and clear instructions should be given to all personnel undertaking clearing operations on the site regarding tree preservation.

A number of general recommendations are made by Harewood (2010) to protect fauna that apply to the site during the development phase, as follows.

e Clearing for any purpose (including firebreaks/walk trails) should avoid trees having a diameter at breast height (DBH) of over 50cm where ever possible.

• During site works, areas requiring clearing should be clearly marked and access to other areas restricted to prevent accidental clearing of areas to be retained.

e No dead, standing or fallen timber should be removed unnecessarily. Logs (hollow or not) and other debris resulting from land clearing should be used to enhance fauna habitat in untouched and rehabilitated areas if possible.

e All staff working on site should be made aware that native fauna is protected. Personnel working on the project should not be allowed to bring firearms, other weapons or pets onsite.

• Based on typical breeding and fledging times of black cockatoos, the best time to carry out clearing at the site would be in the months of April to June. Clearing can be undertaken at other times provided that any tree hollows are checked.

e During clearing operations a suitably experienced "fauna spotter" should be employed to inspect logs and hollow trees (where possible) before clearing to reduce likelihood of injury to fauna. If feasible any fauna encountered should be relocated to suitable retained habitat nearby.

• Native fauna injured during clearing or normal site operations should be taken to a designated veterinary clinic or a DEC nominated wildlife carer.

e Fuel storage facilities should be bunded. • Any trenching required for services should be kept open for only as long as

necessary and suitable escape ramps and bridging provided if the site is to be left unattended for extended periods. Significant sized trenches should be inspected for fauna immediately prior to filling.

Given the condition of the trees, an inspection by a qualified Tree Surgeon is recommended to develop a plan for corrective pruning and perhaps removal of any unsafe, diseased or dying trees.

Larger trees within proximity to the streamline that crosses the site should be retained where possible. These trees will provide an important roosting opportunity for black cockatoos.

28

Where groves of trees are to be retained, trees of mixed ages should be kept to allow for recruitment of future habitat trees.

The pine trees on the northern boundary of Lot 104 should be retained if possible for their foraging value.

8.6 Planting

There is ample opportunity for planting further habitat trees over the site as part of the landscaping, streetscaping and rehabilitation of the streamline Public Open Space.

Species selection should include the key habitat species, Agonis flexuosa, Corymbia calophylla, Eucalyptus marginata and Eucalyptus divers/color. Native rush and sedge species should be planted in association with Agonis flexuosa along the streamline in order to create habitat for Western Ringtail Possums. Eucalypt species should be planted according to the soil type and topography. Planting these species adjacent the streamline will create future suitable habitat for roosting and foraging for black cockatoos.

8.7 Mitigation Plan

The DEC guidelines specify that a Mitigation Plan may be required depending on the results of the WRP Preliminary Survey. The Mitigation Plan is expected to address a number of issues, as outlined in the background material of this report. The DEC guidelines provide a protocol for any clearing that is attached to this report as Appendix 4. This protocol will be followed during any clearing works on the site.

8.7.1 Clearing

Trees that are to be retained should be marked will flagging tape and clear instructions should be given to all personnel undertaking clearing operations on the site regarding tree preservation.

8.7.2 Contractors

A suitably qualified zoologist or 'possum spotter' will be on-site during any clearing operations. This person will provide advice to all personnel involved in clearing works and will report directly to and advise the contract manager or supervisor.

29

All clearing contractors will be briefed by a suitably qualified 'possum spotter' on the site prior to any clearing work being undertaken. Contactors will be made aware that WRP may shelter in stockpiled vegetation and in old buildings or sheds on the site that may be demolished.

8.7.3 Scheduling

The 'possum spotter' will inspect any trees or vegetation that is proposed for clearing prior to any work commencing. Clearing works will be scheduled around the findings of the 'possum spotter'. Works may be delayed and re-scheduled based on the ongoing monitoring of works.

8.7.4 How WRP will be managed during clearing

The presence of WRP during the clearing operations will be managed on the advice of the 'possum spotter'. The spotter may require that work is delayed to allow WRP to move out of the immediate area.

In the unlikely event that WRP are injured during the clearing operations a suitably qualified handler will be utilised to take the injured animal to a veterinarian.

8.7.5 What monitoring is to occur

The 'possum spotter' will record all relevant information regarding the presence of WRP during the clearing operations. This data will be formalised for submission to the DEC within 28 days of the completion of the vegetation clearing or any building demolition works.

8.7.6 WRP and drey locations

All information regarding WRP and drey locations will be provided to the DEC.

30

9 References

Bureau of Meteorology (2007), Climate Averages for specific sites. Publicly available data prepared by the Bureau of Meteorology, Commonwealth of Australia. http://www.boni.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/ca_wa_names.shtml

Department of Agriculture (2003), Land Profiler, Shires of Cape!, BusseIton and Augusta-Margaret River, Perth, Western Australia.

Department of Agriculture (2013), State Land Information Portal.

Department of Environment and Conservation (2009), Development planning guidelines for Western Ringtail Possums in Busselton and Dunsborough (04/02/2009 version)

Department of Environment and Conservation (2011), Western Ringtail Possum Pseudocheirus occidentalis (Thomas, 1888).

Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and Arts (2009), Significant impact guidelines for the vulnerable western ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus occidentalis) in the southern Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia.

Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and Arts (2010), Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened birds.

Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and Arts (2012), EPBC Act referral guidelines for three threatened black cockatoo species:

Carnaby's cockatoo (endangered) Calyptorhynchus latirostris Baudin's cockatoo (vulnerable) Calyptorhynchus baudinii Forest red-tailed black cockatoo (vulnerable) Calyptorhynchus banksii naso

Environmental Protection Authority (1999a), Environmental Protection of Native Vegetation in Western Australia. Position Statement No. 2. Environmental Protection Authority, Perth.

Environmental Protection Authority (2004), Guidance Statement Number 56 — Terrestrial Fauna Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia

Environmental Protection Authority (2008), Guidance Statement Number 33 — Environmental Guidance for Planning and Development.

31

Pen, L.J. (1997), A Systematic Overview of Environmental Values on the Wetlands, Rivers and Estuaries of the Busselton-Walpole Region, Water and Rivers Commission Report WRAP 7.

Tille, P. J. and Lantzke, N. C. (1990) BusseIton — Margaret River— Augusta: Land Capability Study. Land Resources Series No. 5. Western Australian Department of Agriculture.

32

10 APPENDIX 1: POTENTIAL HABITAT TREE LOCATIONS

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11 APPENDIX 2: PROPOSED LOT LAYOUT SHOWING DEVELOPMENT AREAS

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12 APPENDIX 3: IMPORTANT AREAS FOR WESTERN RINGTAIL POSSUMS - DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, WATER, HERITAGE AND THE ARTS

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35

13 APPENDCX 4: CLE RING PROTOCOLS - DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION

PROCEDURES TO MINIMISE RISK TO WESTERN RINGTAIL POSSUMS DURING VEGETATION CLEARING AND BUILDING DEMOLITION

IMPORTANT: Contact DEC Busselton on 9752 5555 prior to clearing commencing.

These procedures are generally for development activities that occur on smaller lots (<2ha). The clearing o f vegetation on larger lots should be discussed with DEC.

Identify trees to be retained

Clearing o f native vegetation within the proposed development site should avoid any unnecessary clearing o f trees. Trees retained within the development site, proposed Public Open Space and within road verges provide valuable habitat for WRP. Trees to be retained should be marked so that they are clearly recognised by clearing contractors.

Suitable expertise on-site

A suitably experienced zoologist or WRP rehabilitator ('possum spotter') should be onsite when clearing is being undertaken. The 'possum spotter' is to provide advice and direction to contractors undertaking the clearing in relation to WRP matters. The contract manager or supervisor is the person responsible for all work undertaken and the safety o f all personnel on site at all times.

Advice to clearing contractors Prior to clearing, clearing contractors should be properly inducted by the 'possum spotter' about the identification and protection o f trees to be retained, trees to be cleared and about the likely presence o f WRP among trees and other vegetation that will be cleared.

Tree removal

The 'possum spotter' with the clearing supervisor is to inspect all trees to be removed and agree on a process and timetable for clearing. Trees that have WRP currently in them may need to be left for a subsequent day when the tree may be vacant. Where possible clearing should be undertaken in a systematic manner that minimises disruption to WRP. If there is suitable habitat adjoining the development site, a clearing pattern that encourages the movement o f WRP to this habitat should be adopted.

In moderate or high-density sites, if a machine operator sees a WRP in a tree that is about to be cleared, trees should be bumped or shaken firstly. Following this the machine operator should wait and observe the tree for a short time. If present, the shaking o f the tree may cause any WRP and other fauna to move and, hopefully, opportunity to safely evacuate. It would also increase the chance that the machine operator will see the animal/s prior to pushing down the tree.

In the event that a WRP is observed in a tree that is about to be cleared and there is a tree marked for retention near the tree which is to be cleared, then the tree should be gently lowered to the ground to give the animal opportunity to safely evacuate. The animal/s then need to be encouraged to move towards and occupy the trees to be retained.

If there are no trees to be retained within proximity o f a tree that has a WRP and needs to be cleared, then the WRP can be removed by the 'possum spotter' using an elevated platform or by lowering the tree to the ground. The WRP is to be relocated to the nearest suitable habitat.

36

Dreys should be inspected prior to clearing and possibly removed. Dreys that remain in the tree during clearing have to be checked as soon as possible as baby WRP may remain in the drey.

Services

The proponent will need to identify where underground services are to be installed and to ensure any detrimental impact from these services is minimised.

Understorey vegetation

There will always be a possibility that WRP, Southern Brown Bandicoots, etc, will be found in under and midstorey vegetation. Care needs to be taken when clearing this vegetation with a check to be undertaken by foot prior to machines entering the areas and clearing this vegetation.

Injured WRP

I f contractors encounter injured WRP during clearing operations, then the 'possum spotter' needs to be notified immediately so that arrangements can be made for the welfare o f the injured animal.

Stockpile practices

Contractors need to be made aware that displaced WRP may shelter within stockpiled vegetation. Therefore, to minimise any accidental injury or death of WRP, personnel involved in the removal or disposal o f stockpiles need to be made aware o f and be prepared for the potential presence of WRP. If WRP are encountered then the Department needs to be immediately notified, Any dreys in fallen trees are to be removed prior to stockpiling as WRP have been known to return to their dreys/trees.

The preference is that vegetation is not stockpiled but removed on the same day clearing occurs. If vegetation is to be stockpiled on-site, then it is preferable to place it in cleared areas as far as possible from retained remnant vegetation. Chipping o f removed debris is to be undertaken away from retained habitat to minimise the noise impacts on WRP.

In large clearing events where chipping will be undertaken over a number o f days, it is preferred that the chipper remains in one position and vegetation is brought to the chipper as opposed to the chipper moving through the site. This is to consolidate the noise impacts in one area o f the development site.

Buildings

Site workers are to be advised about the potential presence o f WRP in derelict buildings and to stage works to minimise potential injuries to WRP during demolition works. Prior to clearing works commencing, the roof and ceilings on derelict buildings should be removed prior to demolition to allow for dispersal o f WRP. DEC should be immediately notified of any WRP that may be inadvertently injured during demolition works.

There is a risk to WRP i f rat or mouse baiting is undertaken prior to demolition. Appropriate methods of baiting need to be engaged i f rats or mice are to be controlled prior to demolition. One method is to place the poison out o f WRP reach, inside poly pipe secured to a beam in the roof space. The pipe should be about lm long and no greater than 50mm in diameter. Another method is to place a plastic ice-cream container upside down over rate poison with small arches cut into the side of the container. The arches should be a maximum height and width o f about 50mm and the container secured to a rafter.

37

o Post Clearing Reporting

o The proponent is to provide DEC with a report (see Appendix 5) on the impact on WRP during the habitat removal process within 28 days of completion o f vegetation clearing or building demolition works.

o

38

ccendo AUSTRALIA

1 December 2016

Bill Carmody Building Development Group Pty Ltd [email protected]

Dear Bill,

Telephone +618 9755 7217 info(Zvaccendoaustralia.com.au PO Box 5178 West BusseIton WA 6280 ABN 11 160 028 642 www.accendoaustralia.cormau

RE — Environmental Approvals for Lots 104 & 105 Busse!! Highway, Margaret River

Accendo Australia understands that it is proposed to build and construct the Margaret River Lifestyle Village which will involve vegetation clearing within the subject site. Following a review of the fauna and vegetation surveys (Environmental and Landscape Management 2013 and Onshore Environmental Consultants 2006), the proposed development is likely to impact Black Cockatoo habitat.

In accordance with Commonwealth legislation, the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act /999 (EPBC Act) identifies Black Cockatoos as matters of 'National Environmental Significance'. Any proposal that is likely to result in a significant impact to a matter of 'National Environmental Significance' will necessitate referral to the Department of the Environment and Energy (DEE) for assessment in accordance with the EPBC Act.

In order to determine if an action could constitute a significant impact to Black Cockatoos, the DEE has provided the guideline EPBC Act referral guidelines f o r three threatened black cockatoo species. This document provides guidelines as to what may constitute a high risk of requiring referral to the DEE. An assessment of the proposed clearing against these guidelines is provided below in Table 1.

Table 1. Assessment against referral guidelines for three threatened black cockatoo species.

High Risk of Significant Impact (DEE Guidelines)

Clearing within the Subject Site

Clearing of any known nesting There are no known nesting trees within the site tree

Clearing or degradation of any Approximately 23 potential breeding trees have been recorded within the part of a vegetation community development footprint. Of these, 5 trees do or may contain hollows known to contain breeding however, given the age of these trees the hollows are unlikely to be habitat suitable for breeding purposes. Furthermore, no evidence of breeding has

been recorded within the site. Many of the potential breeding trees are damaged (from lightning strikes) or diseased and it is noted that they currently present a public safety risk (it has been recommended to remove these trees in the fauna report).

Clearing of more than 1 ha of Based on calculations of vegetation type and condition, it is estimated that quality foraging habitat. approximately 0.7 ha of foraging habitat will be cleared. Furthermore, this

vegetation is unlikely to represent 'quality' foraging habitat given the absence of some preferential foraging species (i.e. banksia and hakeas).

Clearing or degradation No black cockatoos roosting within the site were recorded during the (including pruning of top surveys. canopy) of a known roosting site

solutions for the human environment interface

Based on the above, it appears that the only potential trigger for referral may be clearing of potential breeding habitat. Given that the criteria mentioned above are guidelines only, further consideration of the action in accordance with the DEE's Significant impact guidelines 1.1 may assist to determine whether or not an action is likely to have a significant impact on Black Cockatoos. Based on the findings of the flora and vegetation and fauna surveys, an indicative assessment is provided below in Table 2.

Table 2. Assessment against DEE's significant impact guideline 1./ for Endangered species.

Significant Impact criteria (DEE Guidelines)

Clearing within the Subject Site

lead to a long-term decrease in the Considered unlikely given the small area of clearing and the limited size of a population availability of good quality foraging habitat. Furthermore, no direct

impacts to black cockatoos are proposed.

reduce the area of occupancy of It is proposed to retain the best quality vegetation and rehabilitate an the species existing watercourse. The minimal clearing of 0.7 ha of marginal quality

foraging habitat and five potential breeding trees (that contain hollows) is unlikely to reduce the area of occupancy for the species. Especially given that there is approximately 140 ha of remnant vegetation reserved as Parks and Recreation immediately adjacent to the site.

fragment an existing population No fragmentation of remnant vegetation will occur as a result of the into two or more populations clearing. The best quality vegetation will be retained and connected to a

rehabilitated watercourse.

adversely affect habitat critical to Foraging habitat subject to clearing is not considered critical to the the survival of a species survival of the species given the absence preferential foraging species.

Furthermore, it is considered unlikely that any of the potential breeding trees contain hollows of a suitable size for black cockatoos. No evidence of breeding or roosting has been recorded.

disrupt the breeding cycle of a No breeding is occurring within the site. population

modify, destroy, remove, isolate or It is proposed to retain the best quality vegetation and rehabilitate an decrease the availability or quality existing watercourse. The minimal clearing of 0.7 ha of marginal quality of habitat to the extent that the foraging habitat and five potential breeding trees is unlikely to impact species is likely to decline the species to the extent that it is likely to decline. Especially given that

there is approximately 140 ha of remnant vegetation reserved as Parks and Recreation immediately adjacent to the site.

result in invasive species that are The proposed action is unlikely to result in the introduction or spread of harmful to a critically endangered invasive species that are harmful to the species or its habitat. or endangered species becoming established in the endangered or critically endangered species' habitat

introduce disease that may cause It is suspected that some potential habitat trees may already be diseased the species to decline (i.e. dieback infected). Nonetheless hygiene management measures will

be implemented during construction.

interfere with the recovery of the The proposed action is not expected to interfere with the recovery of the species. species. While up to 0.7 ha of foraging habitat will be cleared, 0.33 ha of

vegetation in better quality will be retained and a 20m wide creekline

1637_Lot 104 & 105 BusseII Hwy ccendo AUSTRALIA 2

will be rehabilitated. Furthermore, given the condition of vegetation, the site is not expected to support an important population or breeding of the species.

I trust this information is sufficient for your purposes. Should you have any queries please do not hesitate to contact me

Yours sincerely,

Kirsten Muir-Thompson

Principal Consultant

Telephone 9755 7217

Mobile 0418 950 852

1637_Lot 104 & 105 BusseII Hwy '--ccendo AUSTRALIA 3

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