World War II: Aftermath

Ch 14 Sec 5

Japan U.S. worked to rebuild Japan

after the war.

Under MacArthur’s leadership, Japan adopted a new constitution and a free market system.

The constitution protected basic freedoms and granted woman suffrage.

At Yalta, the Big 3 decided Germany should be divided into 4 zones of occupation.

France, Britain and U.S. combined theirs into West Germany.

USSR kept theirs as East Germany (until 1990).

Germany

Nuremberg Trials Nazi leaders were

placed on trial for crimes against humanity.

Many were convicted and executed as a result of their involvement in the Holocaust.

Link 50:00“I was only following orders.”

United Nations Allies in WWII agreed

to form an international group to establish and maintain peace.

General Assembly Security Council

Rebuilding and Containment Truman Doctrine

Containment of communism

$400 million to Greece and Turkey

Link 2:31Link 2:31

Marshall Plan Billions to rebuild

Western Europe Link 1:40Link 1:40

THE MARSHALL PLAN – America’s idea to Rebuild Germany

Put Germany back together

Rebuild towns, roads, cities, railroadsSend food, clothing, money to rebuild Germany

Soviets see this as a threat

“They are rebuilding the Nazi’s homeland!”

Post-War GermanyPost-War Germany

Berlin Blockade & Berlin Blockade & Airlift (1948-49)Airlift (1948-49)

•Stalin tries to force the allies out of Berlin

•Cuts off RR and Highways to the Western Sector

•The airlift lasted more than a year

•Ultimately the soviets ended the blockade

•Link 10:13

Link 4:42

Allies divided Stalin didn’t trust the Western Allies and wanted a buffer zone in Eastern Europe.

U.S. joined NATO (a military defense pact among democratic nations) in 1949.

Allies divided In response, the Soviets formed their own military

alliance-the Warsaw Pact-in 1955. Soviet mutual defense agreement between the Soviets

and their satellite nations. But the Warsaw Pact was actually used against the

satellite nations to keep them in line.