World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 1

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 2

First Biosafety Leadership Summit: Leadership in the face of

challenging regulatory environments Nairobi, Kenya

The OIE’s

Biological Threat Reduction Strategy

Samuel Wakhusama

Deputy-Representative

World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)

Eastern Africa

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 4

The OIE Biological Threat Reduction (BTR) Strategy

Capacity-building

Rinderpest post-eradication

Emergency response

UN Security Council Resolution 1540 (Africa)

Agenda

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 5 5

Stamping out of bird flu affected poultry farms in Nigeria (2006)

Photo credit : public domain (2006)

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 6

Chapter 1

The World Organisation for Animal Health

(OIE) Biological Threat Reduction

(BTR) Strategy

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 7 7

Multiple collateral benefits for animal health, agriculture, public health,

poverty alleviation, food security, animal welfare and economies

http://www.oie.int/en/our-scientific-expertise/biological-threat-reduction/

“…protecting against deliberate

and accidental releases in a

sustainable way…”

‣ Surveillance, early on farm

detection, rapid response

‣ Foster scientific networks for

biosafety and biosecurity

OIE’s BTR Strategy

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 8 8

A world that is safe and secure from the accidental or deli-

berate release of animal pathogens, including zoonoses

OIE’s BTR Strategy

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 9 9

OIE’s BTR Strategy

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 10 10

OIE’s BTR Strategy

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 11

Chapter 2

Capacity building

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND SOLIDARITY BETWEEN COUNTRIES

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 12 12

Performance of Veterinary Services

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 13

Modifiez le style du titre

PVS evaluation mission in the Kingdom of Swaziland (2015)

Photo credit : Julie Punderson (2015)

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 14 14

Performance of Veterinary Services

OIE Representation OIE Sub Regional Representation

Africa Southern Africa Northern Africa Eastern Africa

Benin Angola Algeria Burundi

Burkina Faso Botswana Libya Comoros

Cameroon Dem. Rep. of the Congo Mauritania Djibouti

Cape Verde Lesotho Morocco Eritrea

Central African Rep. Madagascar Tunisia Ethiopia

Chad Malawi Kenya

Rep. of the Congo Mauritius Rwanda

Côte d'Ivoire Mozambique Seychelles *

Egypt Namibia Somalia

Equatorial Guinea South Africa Sudan

Gabon Swaziland Tanzania *

Gambia Zambia Uganda

Ghana Zimbabwe

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Liberia

Mali

Niger

Nigeria

São Tomé and Principe

Senegal

Sierra Leone

Togo

23 13 5 12

* Territory shared by more than one OIE Sub-Regional Representation

italic : applied , but not yet conducted

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 15 15

Performance of Veterinary Services

A stepwise programme for

the improvement of VS

Investments in:

• (i) early detection of

disease incursions,

transparency and

notification;

• (ii) rapid response to

animal disease outbreaks

and implementation of

biosecurity and bio-

containment measures;

• (iii) compensation

strategies to indemnify

animal owners hit by

outbreaks; and

• (iv) vaccination, as

appropriate.

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 16

PVS evaluation mission in the Republic of South Africa (2012)

Photo credit : E. Leon (2012)

Twinning projects

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 17 17

Reference Laboratories Expert Centres for animal diseases

247 Reference Laboratories in 38 countries

117 diseases

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 18 18

49 Collaborating Centres in 26 countries

46 topics

Collaborating Centres Centres of excellence on horizontal topics

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 19

New BSL-3 laboratory at the University of Zambia (2008)

Photo credit : P. Bastiaensen(2008)

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 20 20

Twinning projects

OIE RL’s and CC’s are centres of expertise

for technical advice, diagnostics services and

training

Objectives

• Build scientific communities to improve compliance

with OIE standards (surveillance and control)

• Expand network of expertise

• Strengthen surveillance networks

• Collaborative research opportunities

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 21

Global Level African participation

N %

Projects completed to date 32 14 43.75

Projects underway 32 10 31.25

Projects approved 11 5 45.45

Total 75 29 38.66

Twinning: Projects completed

UPDATE: July 2016

Parent Candidate

African horse sickness and Bluetongue UK Morocco

African swine fever Spain Kenya

Avian influenza and Newcastle disease UK Botswana

Avian influenza and Newcastle disease Germany Egypt

Bluetongue Italy Tunisia

Brucellosis Italy Eritrea

Brucellosis UK Sudan

Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) Italy Botswana

Food Safety Italy Namibia

Food Safety Italy Tunisia

Improved diagnostic capacity UK Uganda

Ovine chlamydiosis Switzerland Namibia

Rabies South Africa Nigeria

Veterinary Medicinal Products France Senegal

Countries

Diseases

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 22

Twinning: Projects underway

UPDATE: July 2016

Global Level African participation

N %

Projects completed to date 32 14 43.75

Projects underway 32 10 31.25

Projects approved 11 5 45.45

Total 75 29 38.66

Parent Candidate

African trypanosomiasis France Burkina Faso

Avian influenza and Newcastle disease UK South Africa

Brucellosis Italy Zimbabwe

Foot and mouth disease Belgium Nigeria

Foot and mouth disease UK Ethiopia

Peste des petits ruminants France Morocco

Peste des petits ruminants UK Tanzania

Rift valley fever South Africa-France Yemen

Surveillance linkages in African swine fever and FMD Sweden Uganda

Trichinella Italy Tanzania

Countries

Diseases

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 23

Twinning: Projects approved

UPDATE: July 2016

Global Level African participation

N %

Projects completed to date 32 14 43.75

Projects underway 32 10 31.25

Projects approved 11 5 45.45

Total 75 29 38.66

Parent Candidate

Bee diseases France Yemen

Brucellosis Argentina Tanzania

Rabies South Africa Oman

Viral Encephalopathy and retinopathy Italy Tunisia

Veterinary medicinal products France Cameroon

Diseases

Countries

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 24

Parent Candidate

Foot and mouth disease: UK Ethiopia

Rabies: South Africa Oman

Rift valley fever: South Africa-France Yemen

Viral Encephalopathy and retinopathy: Italy Tunisia

DiseasesCountries

Twinning: important diseases from

UPDATE: August 2015

a biological threat / terrorism perspective

http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Products/bioterrorism-and-high-consequence-pathogen-

wallchart.php?lang=en

Animal diseases / viruses affecting man (selection) Animal source

Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) Livestock, horses, wildlife

Botulism (Clostridium botulinum) Waterfowl, livestock, horses

Plague (Yersinia pestis) Cats, wildlife (rodents, …)

Viral hemorrhagic fevers (Ebola, Lassa, Marburg,..) Wildlife (bats, rodents, apes)

Brucellosis (Brucella abortus, melitensis,…) Livestock and wild ruminants

Glanders (Burkholderia mallei) Horses, donkeys, guinea pigs

Nipah virus Livestock (pigs) and bats

West Nile fever Horses and bats, birds

= OIE-listed diseases

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 25

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 26

Chapter 3

Rinderpest post-eradication

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND SOLIDARITY BETWEEN COUNTRIES

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 27 27

Field of Death : cattle carcasses littered a pasture in South Africa

in 1900 during a rinderpest epidemic. NY Times (2011)

Rinderpest : eradication (2011)

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 28 28

Rinderpest : post-eradication

Achieve either destruction or

sequestration of residual

rinderpest containing

materials (rinderpest virus,

vaccine strains, vaccines,…)

Sequestration in FAO / OIE

accredited holding facilities

• Africa : African Union (AU)

Pan-African Veterinary Vaccines

Centre (PANVAC)

Debre-Zeit, Ethiopia

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 29

Disinfection in poultry farms (2005)

Photo credit : USDA-APHIS (2005)

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 30

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 31

Chapter 4

Emergency Response

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND SOLIDARITY BETWEEN COUNTRIES

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 32

Emergency response

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 33

CMC-AH Missions

CMC-AH Mission place Subject Intervention Date

1 BENIN HPAI H5N1 Preparedness 22 to 28 February 2015

2 TOGO HPAI H5N1 Preparedness 1 to 7 March 2015

3 BURKINA FASO HPAI H5N1 Response 19 to 24 April 2015

4 MALI HPAI H5N1 Preparedness 10 to 15 May 2015

5 COTE D’IVOIRE HPAI H5N1 Preparedness 12 to 22 May 2015

6 GHANA HPAI H5N1 Response 08 to 12 June 2015

7 ANGOLA FMD Response 25 Nov. to 4 Dec. 2015

8 CAMEROON HPAI H5N1 Response 29 May to 7 June 2016

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 34

Chapter 5

UN Security Council Resolution 1540

Africa chapter (AUC)

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 35

UNSCR 1540 : The 1540 Committee

The Committee serves as a clearinghouse for

dealing with requests for assistance by facilitating

bilateral State arrangements as well as drawing

upon the expertise and experience with assistance

programmes of inter-governmental organizations

such as the International Atomic Energy Agency

(IAEA), the Organisation for the Prohibition of

Chemical Weapons (OPCW), the World Customs

Organization (WCO), the World Health

Organization (WHO) and indeed, the World

Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 36

UNSCR 1540 African Union

The African Union Commission oversees the

implementation of UNSCR 1540 at African level

and this task is entrusted to its

Department of Peace and Security

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 37

UNSCR 1540 African Union

16 African countries have so far applied for

assistance, of which 14 have made requests for

assistance in the field of biological threats,

of which in turn 4 have made reference to,

or direct appeals to the OIE.

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 38

UNSCR 1540 : PVS and twinning (Africa)

Consolidated list for 1540 Committee by African States scope (16)

PVS Requested PVS Evaluation PVS Gap Analysis PVS Legislation Lab twinning

Algeria P P P

Benin P P P P

Burundi P P P P

Cabo Verde P P

Congo (Republic) P

Congo (Dem. Republic) P P P

Ethiopia P P P P FMD

Ghana P P P

Kenya P P P P ASF

Lesotho P P P P

Madagascar P P P P

Malawi P P

Niger P P P P

Togo P P P P

Uganda P P P P ASF, FMD

Zambia P P P P

World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 39

UNSCR 1540 : The OIE support

4 African countries have applied for assistance in

the field of biological threats,

with specific reference to the OIE :

Malawi

Niger

Togo

Zambia

12, rue de Prony, 75017 Paris, France

www.oie.int

media@oie.int - oie@oie.int

Samuel Wakhusama

Tianna Brand

Patrick Bastiaensen

Thank you for your attention