Post on 14-Oct-2019
World Migration in Figures Strengthening Evidence - Improving Policy
Bela HovyChief, Migration Section, Population Division
Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)United Nations, New York
Side event to the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and DevelopmentOrganized by DESA, UNICEF and OECD
Thursday, 3 October 2013 6.15 - 7.30 pm Conference Room A, Conference Building, UNHQ, New York
Overview of Population Division estimatesTrends in International Migrant Stock
2005 revision (destination, M/F) 2008 (destination, M/F) 2013 (destination, M/F, age, origin)
2013 expansion made possible by UNICEF (funding) and World Bank (data sharing)
Who is a migrant? Foreign-born: living in another country
than where she was born (if not available, foreign citizens)
Refugees and irregular migration included
Main source: population censuses• Advantages: objective, measurable• Disadvantages: generally, not a measure of
flows, reasons, mobility, …
154 175221 232
United Nations, Population Division/DESA
The international migrant stock is increasing
International migrant stock, 1990-2050 (millions)
1990 2000 2010
2.9% 2.8%3.2%
Proportion of international migrants in total population
2013
3.2%
Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision
2050
1990-2000growth rate
(442)
2000-2010growth rate
(513)
2010-2013growth rate
(415)
South-South migration is as common as South-North migration
North8
1.9
millio
n (
35
%)
82.3 million (36%)
North
SouthSouth
53.7 million (23%)
2013
13
.7 m
illion
(6%
)
United Nations, Population Division/DESA
International migrant stock, 2013 (millions)
Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision
United Nations, Population Division/DESA
More than seven out of ten international migrants are of working-age
International migrant stock by age, 2013 (millions)
0 - 20 21 - 64 65+
Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision
35
171
26
Age
International migration:Major policy challenges
“Brain drain”• Emigration of skilled persons
Undocumented migration/ human rights• Insufficient channels for legal migration• Protection and respect of the human rights of all
migrants• Trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants
High tangible costs of migration• Lack of portability (skills, social security, diplomas, …)• Recruitment fees• Costs of transferring remittances
United Nations, Population Division/DESA
(1) “5 x 5 initiative” Reducing costs of transferring remittances 5
percentage points in 5 year
Costs are falling, but sufficient to reach target?
Source: Quarterly surveys, see http://remittanceprices.worldbank.org/
• Include similar target in post-2015 development agenda?
• Develop similar target for reducing recruitment costs?
What migration goals and targets?Area Target Indicator
Refugees achieve durable solutions, prevention (zero cases)
# of cases# of ratifications
Migrants, refugees
Meet quota (arr. , dep.) # of migrants, refugees
Human rights 100% ratification? HR violations? Discrimination?
Ratification of conventions
Trafficking and smuggling
Zero cases No. of cases prosecuted?
Integration Naturalization? Voting rights? Health, employment
Access to social services, labourmarket, …
Remittance costs “5x5” Avg. transaction costs
Recruitment Reduction of costs Avg. recruitment costs
Irregular migration
Reduce # of irregular migrants
# persons regularized
United Nations, Population Division/DESA
(2) improve evidence base
• 2006 High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development
• Various General Assembly resolutions
• 32 out of 250 recommendations of the Global Forum on Migration and Development (2007-2012) on improving data
United Nations, Population Division/DESA
Origin
Four out of ten African countries do not provide basic migration data
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Africa Asia Latin America& Caribbean
NorthernAmerica
Europe Oceania
Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision
Percentage of countries with data on sex, age and origin since 2000 census round
AgeTotal & Sex
How?
Improve censuses• National statistical offices, DESA (SD, PD)
Exploit administrative data• Ministries in charge of migration (permits, visa)
Leverage surveys• DHS, ILO, World Bank, MICS (UNICEF)
Provide access to micro-data• IPUMS, …
Build capacity Mobilize resources Involve Global Migration Group