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1World Meteorological Organization
WMO Information System (WIS)
Managing & Moving Weather, Water and Climate
Informationin the 21st Century
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
Weather – Climate - Water
José Arimatéa de Sousa BritoInformation and Telecommunication Services Division
Observing and Information Systems Department
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WMO Information System (WIS)
DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING WIS• Overview
– Background information
• Project plan– Objectives and vision– Scope of the project– Organizational structure
• Project implementation– User requirements (RRR)– Technical specifications– Governance procedures– WIS guidelines (WIS Manual)
• ET-CTS critical issues– Engagement of ET-CTS
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IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
• What is the WMO Information System (WIS)?
– Why is it being developed?
– What services will it provide?
• What will the NMHS gain from WIS?
• What is the overall WIS plan?
• How far has its implementation progressed?
• What are the major challenges still to be
met?
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WMO INFORMATION SYSTEM
Direction from WMO Congress (2003)
• Develop:– Over-arching approach for solving data
management problems for all WMO and related international programmes
– A single, coordinated global infrastructure, the WMO Information System (WIS) for the collection and sharing of information
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REASONS FOR WISREASONS FOR WIS
• Various WMO Programmes developing information systems independently
– Incompatibilities, inefficiencies, duplication of effort and higher overall costs
• Continued systems development in an uncoordinated manner would:
– Exacerbate these problems – Increase difficulty in sharing information
between programmes– Further isolate WMO Programmes from
each other and from wider environmental community
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GTS provides:
• Information collection and distribution
o Real-time push for WWW data & products
(and some other programmes data)
• Information management
o Standard data formats
o Implicit metadata & catalogs
Current situation: GTSCurrent situation: GTS
For WWWFor WWW
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• Information exchange
o Multiplicity of procedures
o Real-time and non-real-time
o Very limited pull
• Information management
o Multiplicity of data formats
o Uncoordinated/lack of metadata & catalogs
o No discovery
Current situation:Current situation:
GTSGTS and Other WMO Programmes and Other WMO Programmes systemssystems
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World Meteorologic
al Centres
WWW GTS
Regional/Specialized Meteorological
CentresNational
Meteorological
Centres
Meteorological and R&D Satellite Operator
Centres
Current situation: GTS
interconnects
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Integrated approach for all WMO Programmes
• Routine collection and dissemination of time-critical and operation-critical data and products:
o Real-time “push” through dedicated telecommunication• Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:
o “Pull” through the Internet (HTTP, FTP,…)• Timely delivery of data and products:
o Delayed mode “push” through dedicated telecommunication means and public data networks, especially the Internet
• Unified procedureso More efficient data exchange
• Coordinated and standardized metadatao Interoperability between programmeso Improved data managemento ISO 191xxx series for geographic information
WIS Vision
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WIS brings new features and opportunities
• Common information exchange standards, functions and services for all WMO programmes
• Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and exchange of information in real-time and non-real time
• Inter-operability through on-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard)
• Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensure cost-effectiveness and compatibility
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GAW World Data Centres
GCOS Data Centres
Global Run-off Data Centre
Global Precip. Climatology Centre
IRI, Hadley Centre, and other climate research centres; Universities;Regional Climate Centres(CIIFEN, etc.)
International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )
Commercial Service
Providers
World Radiation Centre
Regional Instrument Centres
WMO World Data Centres
International Projects (e.g. GMES HALO)
Real-time “push”On-demand “pull”
internet
DCPC
NC/DCPC
NCNC
NC/DCPC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
GISC
GISCGISC
SatelliteTwo-Way Systems
Satellite Dissemination(IGDDS, RETIM,
etc)
NC
NC
DCPC
GISC GISC
DCPC
WISWIS
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IGDDS
WIS/GTS: for time and operation-critical data & products WIS/IGDDS: for space-based data & productsWIS/DAR: data discovery, access and retrieval Data push: routine distribution of data & productsData pull: access to and retrieval of data & products
Data pull
Data push
WIS DATA-COMMUNICATIONS IMPLEMENTATION(for weather, water, climate and related data and products)
Essentially through telecom. with guaranteed quality of service, e.g. leased circuits, dedicated data com network services, sat.-based systems, ..
Essentially through satellite based data distribution systems, e.g. DVB-S
GTS
Essentially through the Internet(HTTP, FTP, VPN…)
DAR
WIS
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Assessment of Requirements(WIS Project Office – interim measure)
Review of Requirements(New ET on User Requirements - to be formed)
User Reqmts Doc, WIGOS Obs db + TBD db
Determine Optimal Way to Meet User RequirementsWG-PIW | ET-OI | ET-CTS
Consolidation of Views(New ET on User Requirements)
Consolidated and Endorsed User Requirements
Implementation of Services Addressing User Requirements
Member States (CIO)
Decisions on Implementation of formal and Ad Hoc Requests
Questionnaire Responses, Meeting Reports, interviews, etc
Decisions on WIS Components
Designation of GISCs and DCPCs
EC, TCs, RAs, Member States
Requirements Assessment Phase
RRR Phase
Process for E
stablish
ing, M
aintain
ing an
d Im
plem
entin
g User R
equ
iremen
ts
WIS DCPC and GISC NominationsAd Hoc Requests for WIS Services
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Interoperability enables the discovery, the retrieval and the usage of the data
It needs the development and the implementation of relevant Metadata standards
Development of a WMO Metadata Profile of the ISO 191xx series for geographic information
• Step 1: development of the WMO Metadata Core Profile of ISO 19115 for data discovery
•Step 2: Use of the ISO 191xx series for the access and use of the data
WIS, a key issue: interoperabilityWIS, a key issue: interoperability
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European Virtual GISC Project
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Major Components and Services of WIS:Interoperability and WIS Networking
Da
ta a
nd
Pro
duct
Use
rs
Global Information System Centres
(GISCs)
Data Collection or Production Centres
(DCPCs)
National Centres (NCs)
SOA - Focus is on the interfaces
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WIS PROJECT ORGANISATIONAL CHART
CONGRESS
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Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF0)
FunctionInput Output
Controlsource data which is
transformed by the Function
the result of the transformation
carried out by the Function
identifies the resources/facilities that are used by the Function (e.g.
humans, computers...)
defines how the Function carries out the transformation
Mechanism
Functions transform the Inputs into Outputs in accordance with the Controls and making
use of the Mechanisms
Functions transform the Inputs into Outputs in accordance with the Controls and making
use of the Mechanisms
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WIS CONTEXT DIAGRAM AND SOME WIS FUNCTIONS
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Interface Tech S
pecs
Interface Technical Specification Identifier
Interface Technical Specification Name Required for:
NC DCPC GISC
WIS-TechSpec-1 Uploading of Metadata for Data and Products WIS-TechSpec-2 Uploading of Data and Products WIS-TechSpec-3 Centralization of Globally Distributed Data
WIS-TechSpec-4 Maintenance of User Identification and Role Information WIS-TechSpec-5 Consolidated View of Distributed Identification and Role Information
WIS-TechSpec-6 Authentication of a User
WIS-TechSpec-7 Authorization of a User Role
WIS-TechSpec-8 DAR Catalogue Search and Retrieval
WIS-TechSpec-9 Consolidated View of Distributed DAR Metadata Catalogues
WIS-TechSpec-10 Downloading Files via Dedicated Networks WIS-TechSpec-11 Downloading Files via Non-dedicated Networks WIS-TechSpec-12 Downloading Files via Other Methods WIS-TechSpec-13 Maintenance of Dissemination Metadata WIS-TechSpec-14 Consolidated View of Distributed Dissemination Metadata Catalogues
WIS-TechSpec-15 Reporting of Quality of Service
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WIS Tech Spec 8 – DARCatalogue search & retrieval
Applicable Standards ISO 23950 Information Search and Retrieval Protocol [ISO-23950] including GEO Profile and SRU (Search and Retrieve via URL) Profile WMO Core Profile of the ISO Metadata Standard [IPET-MI(07)]
Communication Types
client-server; request-response
Service Level Required
non-dedicated shared network
Network Transports and Supporting Services
public or private Internet using TCP/IP which may include encryption; typically HTTP with GET or POST methods, and may include SOAP
Performance MetricsResponse TimeSearch Request RateConcurrency
maximum: 2 seconds per requestminimum: 40 keyword and bounding box searches per secondminimum: 20 active sessions
WIS Data Flow Diagram -Process, Input, Output
WIS Technical Specification Appendix A, Diagram 2, Process A3: Maintain and Expose Catalogue of Services and InformationInput: Information Search RequestOutput: Information Search Result
Applicable Use Cases WIS Technical Specification Appendix B, Use Case: B.6, Discover Data or Products
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WIS Tech Spec 8 – DARCatalogue search & retrieval
WIS Requirements(in addition to requirements applicable to all interfaces)
provide metadata catalogue across all GISCs of data, products, and services; assure catalogue interoperability using ISO 23950 search and geospatial services; catalogue WIS contributions in GEOSS Clearinghouse; use ISO 19115 and the WMO core metadata profile; standardize practices for electronic archival of metadata; provide metadata with quality indications to enable search, retrieval, and archiving; make WMO Resolution 40 data available through GEOSS interoperable arrangements; use ISO standards for references to specific places on the Earth; harmonize data formats, transmission, archiving and distribution across disciplines; draw on existing Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) components as institutional and technical precedents; [each DCPC] supports access to data and products via Internet request/reply; [each DCPC] implements backup and recovery of essential services; [each GISC] provides coordination and mutual backup with other GISCs; use public Internet for Data Discovery, Access and Retrieva; support rapid access and integration of real-time and non real-time (archive) data sets; identify and use a variety of data types across WMO programmes; support WIS as a GEOSS component with a core roleWIS Technical Specification Appendix C Requirements: C.2.01, C.1.08, C.5.08, C.5.09, C.5.11, C.5.19, C.1.24, C.3.06, C.5.21, C.1.12, C.5.06, C.5.10, C.5.03, C.5.04, C.5.20, C.1.11, C.5.05, C.5.17, C.5.07, C.3.05, C.3.07, C.2.05, C.1.15, C.1.19, C.1.20, C.1.21, C.1.18b, C.1.09, C.1.10, C.1.18a, C.5.01, C.5.02
Notes The procedures for designation of a GISC or DCPC require that both type of WIS centre maintain data, product and service catalogues in the WMO-agreed standard format and facilitate access to these catalogues. Therefore, network services should be treated as a type of WIS product that can be discovered through the DAR catalogue.
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Applicable Standards standards for content and communications are TBD by host of identification and role information database
Communication Types terminal-host; store-and-forward or file transfer (e.g., FTP, HTTP)client-server; request-response (e.g., HTTP with CGI Web form)
Service Level Required non-dedicated shared network may be used, provided there is privacy protection for identified individuals as required by national laws
Network Transports and Supporting Services
public or private Internet using TCP/IP with encryption;typically HTTP with GET or POST methods, and may include SOAP
Performance Metricsidentification and role information
the timeliness of changes to user identification and role information is application-specific and subject to NC or DCPC procedures
WIS Data Flow Diagrams WIS Technical Specification Appendix A, Diagram 2, Process A2: Assign User RoleInputs: User RequestsOutputs: User Requests with Assigned RoleWIS Technical Specification Appendix A, Diagram 2, Process A4: Authorise Access to Information by UsersInputs: Requests for InformationOutputs: Information Access Authorizations
Use Cases WIS Technical Specification Appendix B Use Cases: B.5, Maintain Identification and Role Information for WIS Users
WIS Requirements(in addition to requirements applicable to all interfaces)
use ISO standards for references to specific places on the Earth; harmonize data formats, transmission, archiving and distribution across disciplines; [each NC] authorizes its national users to access WIS; [each DCPC] supports access to data and products via Internet request/reply; [each DCPC] implements backup and recovery of essential services; use dedicated telecommunications and public Internet for timely delivery; identify and use a variety of data types across WMO programmesWIS Technical Specification Appendix C Requirements: C.5.20, C.1.11, C.5.05, C.5.17, C.4.05, C.3.05, C.3.07, C.1.14, C.1.19, C.1.20, C.1.21, C.1.10, C.1.18a
Notes For updating the identification and role information concerning candidate or current users of WIS, WIS Centres should support two kinds of maintenance facilities: a file upload facility for "batch" updating (add, replace, or delete identification and role records treated as separate files); and an online form for changing individual identification and role entries (add, change, or delete of elements in a record as well as whole records).
WIS-TechSpec-4, Maintenance of User Identification and Role Information
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Use Case Goal Internal and external users of WIS are able to be identified as needed for their authentication, and their role information is maintained as needed for their authorizations to perform specific functions
Actors Users of WIS (internal and external)Administrators of authentication and authorization at WIS Centres
Pre-Conditions (1) Administrators have agreed authentication policies delineating the credentials required to establish identity of a WIS user
(2) Administrators have agreed authorization policies delineating which roles are authorized to perform each WIS action
(3) Administrators have mechanisms to create and maintain identification information needed for authentication of users of WIS
(4) Administrators have mechanisms to create and maintain role information needed for authorization of authenticated users of WIS
Post-Conditions WIS Centres collectively have the ability to authenticate each user of WIS and authorize him to perform all of the functions appropriate to his role, and only those functions appropriate to his role
Normal Flow Identification and role information about candidate or current users of WIS are to be recorded through facilities controlled by WIS Centres. Typically, two kinds of facilities should be supported. One is a file upload facility for "batch" updating (add, replace, or delete the identification and role records as separate files). The other is an online form for changing identification and role records (add, change, or delete elements in a record as well as whole records). Administrators of authentication and authorization at WIS Centres share the updated identification and role information as a resource available as needed across WIS Centres.
Notes and Issues At this point in WIS system design, mechanisms have not been decided for handling identification and role information as needed across WIS centres.
Last Updated 30 Oct 2007
Last Updated By Eliot Christian
Use Case B.5, Maintain Identification and Role Information for WIS Users
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WIS provide three types of services to meet the different requirements: (1) Routine collection and dissemination service for time-critical and operation-critical data and products:
Based on real-time “push” mechanism (incl. Multicast); implemented essentially through dedicated telecommunication means with guaranteed quality of service, e.g. leased circuits, dedicated data communication network services and satellite-based data-distribution systems;(2) Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:
Based on request/reply “pull” mechanism with relevant data management functions; implemented essentially through the Internet (HTTP, FTP,…);(3) Timely delivery service for data and products:
Based on delayed mode “push” mechanism; implemented through a combination of dedicated telecommunication means and of public data networks, especially the Internet.
WIS SERVICES
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Key Future Milestones
• Consolidate plans on development, governance and implementation of WIS: 2007-2008
• Develop WIS regulatory documentation and guidance material for implementation, including specifications for the GISC interfaces and a unified user interface: 2007-2008
• Develop scheme and practices for security, authentication and authorization procedures for WIS services : 2007-2008
• Implementation of first operational GISC: 2008• Implementation of other operational GISCs: 2009 -
2011• Implementation of DCPCs, i.e. WIS interfaces at
WMO programmes’ centres: 2008-2011
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WIS Project Gantt Chart
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• Data exchange/synchronization between GISCs • Metadata Exchange/synchronization
• GISC performance standards, monitoring, storage • Two (2) minutes for warning distribution• Ten (10) minutes for other info• Holding 24 hours of information
• Manual on WIS, equivalent of Manual on the GTS. • Defining steps to be taken to evolve the GTS towards WIS
CRITICAL ISSUES FOR WIS
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EVOLUTION OF THE GTS TOWARDS WIS
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
• WIS has to perform better than the current GTS in any stage
• Use of technology available now
• Take into account current changes in Regional Networks
• WIS to be cost-effective in the long run