World Map (Physical Features)

SE Asia / Pacific

Indonesia

Indonesia (Active Volcanoes)

Indonesian Music Examples

• Example 1

• Example 2

• Example 3

• Example 4

Paris World’s Fair (1889)

Paris World’s Fair(main promenade)

Indonesian Dancers

Dutch Exhibition at1889 Paris World’s Fair

From a Dutch magazine describing the “colonial exhibition” at the Paris World’s Fair (1889).

Gamelan(1889 Paris World’s Fair)

Columbian Exposition(Chicago, 1893)

Java Village (“Dutch Settlement”)at Columbian Exposition

Chicago Gamelan

Gamelan Instruments

• Struck Idiophones (majority / most important)- gongs- metalophones- xylophones

• Membranophone (a few)

• Chordophone (even fewer)

• Aerophone (even fewer)

Gamelan in Action

• See Gamelan: Instruments of the Gamelan for a “map” of the Gamelan and an interactive description of the instruments

Three Basic Layers

• Balungen = “Nuclear Melody” – the basic “tune” (played one pitch per beat) [“skeletal melody” in textbook]

• “Colotomic Structure” = “metrical structure” of Balungen (marked at end by largest gong)

• “Elaboration” = fastest moving upper parts, division of the Baungen into smaller units

Gong ageng (largest suspended)

Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul

Kenong (largest cradled gong)

Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques – Kenong

(start 1:45)

Kempul (smaller suspended)

Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul

Ketuk (small cradled gong)

Ex: YouTube - Gamelan - Kempyang & Ketuk

Nuclear Melody(Sarons & Slentem)

SlentemYouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Saron

Elaboration

Bonang Gambang (wooden bars)Ex: YouTube - Gamelan - Gambang

Gender Barung (lower pitch) Gender Panerus (higher pitch)

TUNINGS & SCALES

• SLENDRO (front) = 5 notes (pentatonic)

C D E G A(or use piano black keys)

• PELOG (side) = 7 notes (sounds “minor”)

E F G Bb B C D

Colotomic Structure of BUBARAN

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16

Gong ageng marks “Gongan”

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

13 14 15 GONG

kenong marks “kenongan”

1 2 3 Kenong

5 6 7 Kenong

9 10 11 Kenong

13 14 15 GONGKenong

Kempul divides “Gatra”

1 Kempul 3 Kenong

5 Kempul 7 Kenong

9 Kempul 11 Kenong

13 Kempul 15 GONGKenong

Ketuk punctuates odd beats

Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong

Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong

Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong

Ketuk Kempul Ketuk GONGKenong

BUBARAN (you perform)

“tuk” (silent) “tuk” “nong”

“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “nong”

“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “nong”

“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “GONG”“nong”

Making Gamelan Instruments

• YouTube - the making of gamelan

• YouTube - Rhythm of the Gamelan Makers.part1

• YouTube - Rhythm of the Gamelan Makers.part2

Uses of the Gamelan• Associated w/ Royalty (private performance)

JVC 9-1 (Bali) , JVC 10-3 (Java)• Accompanies Dance

JVC 9-2 (Bali) – Pendet (welcome dance)JVC 9-3 (Bali) – Baris (Warrior Dance) [Wayang orang = Dance Drama]

• Accompanies Puppet Plays – Wayang kulitJVC 10-2 – Wedding (10 hr performance)

• Tourism (stylized performances)Ex. – Kecak (voice gamelan)JVC 10-1 (Bali) – Ramayana Epic (YouTube - Kecak Dance in Bali)

Wayang Kulit“Shadow Puppet Theater”

• YouTube - Wayang kulit excerpt 1• YouTube - Wayang kulit excerpt 2• YouTube - perang gagal (behind the scene)• YouTube - perang kembang (behind the scene)• YouTube - WAYANG KULIT “GORO-GORO” KI.

ANOM SUROTO 1 OF 11 (additional multiple parts available on YouTube)

Indonesian Dance w/ Gamelan“Gamelan Gong Kebyar”

• YouTube - Gamelan Cudamani

• YouTube - Tari Kebyar Duduk

Indonesian “voice gamelan”“Kecak” (for tourists)

•YouTube - Kecak Dance at Uluwatu Temple, Bali Part 1

•YouTube - Kecak Dance in Bali

•YouTube - Tari Kecak Bali 1