Weather StationWeather Station

Weather station design for measuring weather parameters wind speed temperature and humidity

Weather Station TeamWeather Station TeamImad Rabayaa

Abdulmjeed Safa

Dr.Imad Braik

OutlineOutline

Definition problem . Layout of the design. ( practical & technical ) constraints of

weather station design.Using hardware to measure weather

parameters. Implementing software solutions to the

problem. practical tests .

Definition problem

Layout of the DesignLayout of the Design

Block diagram

PACK

BASE

PC

Sensors Tx RxSensors

RS232

LCD

Working togetherWorking together

The layout of this product will offer hardware solutions that integrate with the power of the PC.Pack 2.4 GHZ Base

RS 232

PC

Practical ConstraintsPractical ConstraintsType Description

Economic The cost to build will be 500$ approximately .

Environmental The weather station will be able to operate in temperatures from -30°C to 60°C.The weather station will be constructed with environmentally friendly products.

Sustainability Outdoor pack will be able to withstand outside conditions, with minimal maintenance.

Technical ConstraintsTechnical Constraints

Name DescriptionTransmission Distance (Pack to Base)

The distance will be 100 meters indoor.

Communication Protocol (Base to PC)

The weather station’s base will communicate with PC serially .

Radio Frequency Transmission frequency will be 2.4 GHZ.

Memory Requirements

The base microcontroller will have enough memory to store 12 hours of data.

Hard wareHard ware Common hardware components . - Micro controller . - Humidity sensor. - Temperature sensor . Base hardware components . - LCD . - Wireless (Rx) . Pack hardware components . - Anemometer sensor. - Wireless (Tx) .

LCD :Liquid Crystal Display

Common hardware componentsCommon hardware components

Micro controller ( PIC 16f877 )– 10-bit ADC module.– Timers .– SSP .– USART .– CCP.

Common hardware components Common hardware components Humidity Sensor

– There are several devices used to measure relative humidity.

- A stable design using hygrometer HS1101 with a TLC-

555 timer .- RH = 565.1− 0.0767 f

RH : Relative Humidity

Humidity Circuit

Humidity Sensor (output)Humidity Sensor (output)

RH = 50%RH = 50%

RH = 91%RH = 91%

Common hardware componentsCommon hardware components Temperature Sensor

– ICTS LM35 used in the design .– It has an output voltage that is proportional to the Celsius temperature.

– Temperature (oC) = 5 * Vout * 100 / 1023 (oC /V) .

ICTS : Integrated Circuit Temperature Sensor

Temperature sensor Circuit

Temperature Sensor (output)Temperature Sensor (output)

@Input voltage 5v

Temperature : 22 oC

Pack hardware componentsPack hardware components

Anemometer– The basic cause of wind can be attributed to

variation in temperature. – Starting speed 0.3 m/s.– Electrical output 3….1042 HZ .– Power Consumption 0.3….1.2 mA.

Anemometer (output)Anemometer (output)

Wind Speed : 2.7 m/s

WS : Wind Speed

Pack hardware componentsPack hardware components

Power supply – The power supply for the pack needs to be

as efficient as possible .

– Since the pack is powered from batteries, it will not require any rectification .

Hardware componentsHardware components

Wireless XBee Transmitter & Receiver.1- High Performance.2- Low Power.3- Advanced and Networking Security.4- bidirectional transmission.5- 10 bit ADC.

Base hardware componentsBase hardware components

Power supply– The power supply for the base needs to be accurate enough for the

microcontroller to function properly .

LCD– 2 X 16 character matrix .– On-board controller .– Backlit display .

softwaresoftware

ApplicationsApplications

DifficultiesDifficulties

pressure sensor is difficult to obtain. Fault tolerance and nature of sensors adds

complexity to hardware and software . wireless. Low output frequency of the anemometer .

Conclusion & recommendationConclusion & recommendation Hardware and software are integrated to solve

the problem. Parallel implementation of designed

components allows problems to surface early in the process.less

wireless system used in the station is professional for long distances without data losses .

system is ready to be used by another students to complete building a whole weather station .

Questions?