Post on 29-Mar-2015
WirelessInternet
Mike Prokopsonik consulting
group
October 16, 2001
agenda
wireless web primer
development tidbits
future
Wireless Web Primer Overview
WirelessSolution
DevicesWirelessNetworks
Middleware Applications
Wireless Web solutions require four key components
WirelessNetworks
It’s All About Standards and Speed
Wireless Networks
Evolution
1Ganalog digital circuit-switched networks
connection is persistent(requires a dedicated path for
the duration of the connection)
Voice
AMPS
AMPS = Advanced Mobile Phone System
a cell is subdivided by frequency into distinct channels, which allows multiple
access to cells; the service can assign only one subscriber at a time to each
channel within a cell
Wireless Networks
Evolution
1Ganalog digital circuit-switched networks
connection is persistent
Voice
AMPS
AMPS = Advanced Mobile Phone System
a cell is subdivided by frequency into distinct channels, which allows multiple
access to cells; the service can assign only one subscriber at a time to each
channel within a cell
challenges • user demand exceeded available bandwidth• voice only - no data
solutions • allow “multiple access” -- i.e. more users per channel and frequency• begin convergence of media types
leads us to 2G
Wireless Networks
Evolution
2G
TDMATime Division
Multiple Access
messageorigin
message destination
time slot 1 =“I love beer”time slot 2 = “How are
you?”time slot 3 = “Call me back”
I How Call love are me beer you back1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
Messages reassembled by
original timeslots
3 separate user messages carried over same channel
sidebar wireless network standards: TDMA and CDMA move to multiple access
still circuit-switched
Wireless Networks
Evolution
2Gsidebar
CDMACode Division
Multiple Access
messageorigin
wireless network standards: TDMA and CDMA
code A5 =“I love beer”code B2 = “How are
you?”code X7 = “Call me back”
I How Call love are me beer you backA5 B2 X7 A5 B2 X7 A5 B2 X7
up to 6 separate user messages carried over same channel
Fact: 2G CDMA can provide approximately 10 to 20 times the capacity of analog AMPS and four to six times the capacity of TDMA
message destination
Messages reassembled by original assigned
codes
move to multiple accessstill circuit-switched
IS-95cdmaOne
GSM
Wireless Networks
Evolution
14.4 - 33 kbps 14.4 - 58 kbps
CDPDDataTACMobitex
19.2 kbps
dedicated data networks (no
voice)
IS-136
TDMACDMA
2G
CDPD =Cellular Digital Packet DataGSM =Global System for Mobile Comm.CDMA = Code Division Multiple AccessTDMA = Time Division Multiple Access
Voice
AMPS
move to multiple accessstill circuit-switched
analog digital
move to multiple accessstill circuit-switched
IS-95cdmaOne
GSM
Wireless Networks
Evolution
14.4 - 33 kbps 14.4 - 58 kbps
CDPDDataTACMobitex
19.2 kbps
dedicated data networks (no
voice)
IS-136
TDMACDMA
2G
CDPD =Cellular Digital Packet DataGSM =Global System for Mobile Comm.CDMA = Code Division Multiple AccessTDMA = Time Division Multiple Access
analog digital
Voice
AMPS
challenges• multimedia data content of the ‘wireless web’
(i.e. graphics, video) requires much greater bandwidth
• latency issues associated with dial-up
solutions• expand data capacity of wireless networks
• move to packet-switched (IP-based) network
leads us to 2.5 and 3+G
Wireless Networks
Evolution
Voice
AMPS
384 kbpsGPRS
EDGE
EDGE = Enhanced Data Rates for GSM EvolutionGPRS = General Packet Radio Service
2.5Gmove from ‘dial-up’
circuit-switched data to ‘always on’ packet-
switched data
1xRTT1xEV
IS-95cdmaOne
GSM
14.4 - 33 kbps 14.4 - 58 kbps
CDPDDataTACMobitex
19.2 kbps
dedicated data networks (no
voice)
IS-136
115 kbps144+ kbps
TDMACDMA
IS-136+GPRS-136
analog digital
Wireless Networks
Evolution3+G
high-speed data services to support multimedia applications
Voice
W-CDMA = Wideband CDMAUMTS= Universal Mobile Telecommunications SystemIMT-2000= International Mobile Telecommunications in the year 2000 (IMT-2000)
TDMACDMA
W-CDMAUMTS
IMT-2000
cdma2000IMT-2000
384 kbps
GPRSEDGE
1xRTT1xEV
IS-95cdmaOne
GSM
14.4 - 33 kbps 14.4 - 58 kbps
CDPDDataTACMobitex
19.2 kbps
dedicated data networks (no
voice)
IS-136
115 kbps144 kbps
(up to 5 mbps)
AMPS
IS-136+GPRS-136
2+ mbps 2+ mbps
analog digital
Wireless Networks
Evolution3+G
high-speed data services to support multimedia applications analog digital
Voice
AMPS
384 kbps
GPRS EDGE
W-CDMA = Wideband CDMA
1xRTT1xEV
IS-95cdmaOne
GSM
14.4 - 33 kbps 14.4 - 58 kbps
CDPDDataTACMobitex
19.2 kbps
dedicated data networks (no
voice)
IS-136D-AMPS
TDMACDMA
W-CDMACDMA2000
current challenges
• device manufacturers need to develop network compatible products• wireless spectrum auctions were a huge money grab for governments, left little money left for carriers to actually build & deploy networks• BUT capital markets have dried up for telecom market -- for carriers and manufacturers alike
3G and beyond will likely not be achieved before 2005, and some are now speculating 2007
Wireless Networks
Flavours
TerrestrialNational / Regional / Urban areas
GSM - Microcell (Fido) CDMA - Bell Mobility, TELUS Mobility, Verizon TDMA IS-136 - Rogers AT&T, AT&T Wireless
GPRS - Microcell (Fido), Rogers AT&T W-CDMA (using iMode) - AT&T Wireless
CDPD - Bell Mobility, TELUS Mobility, Verizon Mobitex - Rogers AT&T, Cingular
DataTAC (ARDIS) - Motient Ricochet - Metricom (US cities)
SMS (various) Paging (various)
Wireless Networks
Flavours
Satellite: Rural arease.g. Iridium, GlobalStar, Teledesic
Wireless LANs: Campuse.g. UBC, Microsoft
Your HomeWi-Fi (802.11b)
Very short-rangeBluetooth, Infraredwireless mouse, ID badges, etc.
TerrestrialNational / Regional / Urban areas
DevicesWirelessNetworks
Where are We?
Devices
“Through at least 2003,
35% of knowledge workers
will rely on a mix of three
or more devices during the
business day (e.g. laptop,
phone & PDA)”
- Gartner Group
PhonesTypes• WebPhones (browser-only) - ‘old school’ WAP phones - 2G• SmartPhones (PIM functionality)
Tri-Mode GPRS Phones• Motorola P280 and Motorola v66• Tri-mode i.e. operates at 800, 900, 1900 MHz• meaning what? You can use this same phone in South America, North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, OceaniaWhat can these phones do?• 2-way text messaging (like RIM), predictive text input• charged by data volume, not airtime used - ‘always on’ (like RIM)• PIM (calendaring, contacts - like Palm)• voice-activated dialing• games, currency conversion, etc etc
Handheld Devices
ExamplesPalm O/S• Handspring Visor• Sony Clie• PalmPocket PC O/S• Compaq iPAQ• HP, CasioRIM O/S• RIM Handhelds
Types• PDAs• Pagers
Wireless Modems
AirBoard PDA Adapters
AirCardType 2 PC Cards
Embedded Modules
Vehicle Mounted Rugged Mobiles
Wireless Modems
• AirCard 300 – CDPD– 19.2 Kbps* – Flat rate pricing – “always
on”
• AirCard 510 – CDMA– 14.4 Kbps
*kilobytes per second
Sierra Wireless ‘AirCards’ for Laptops
DevicesWirelessNetworks
Applications
Where are We?
Applications
The Search for the Next Killer App
Wireless Internet
Killer App Criteria
Immediate, spontaneous accessTake advantage of niche time
PersonalizedTimeliness of information
Location-basedPresence or context based
Pricewaterhouse Coopers
Right Information , Right Place, Right Time
Business ApplicationsSupply Chain Execution**
Shipment tracking and stock-level monitoring
Scheduling and Dispatch**
Database Inquiry**License Registration
Location MonitoringTruck tracking - GPS
Fixed Telemetry**Remote device monitoring and control (e.g. meter reading and remote diagnostics)
Wireless eCommerce
Business & Government
Right Information , Right Place, Right Time
** Noted as one of the most important wireless application markets [IBM research]
Consumer Applications
Consumer
Account-based Transactions**
e.g. Stock Quotes, Banking, Member ticket purchases, travel itinerary mods
PIM Services**e.g. Instant Messaging
Organizer Synching
Location based e.g. Restaurants, Movies,
Commerce….coupons, tracking (kids, pets)
Entertainment e.g. Games
Automobile platforms** e.g. navigation and safety
GMs OnStar serviceRight Information , Right Place, Right Time
** Noted as one of the most important wireless application markets [IBM research]
Applications
Business Consumer
Individuals can belong to both groups
Creates new opportunities and challenges- Voice-enabled devices“Our research is conclusive. More people can talk than type.” [President, Sprint]
- Billing & Security- Intellectual Property carriers new value as distributors (like television)
DevicesWirelessNetworks
Middleware Applications
Where are We?
Middleware
The Broker
Wireline
Why Middleware?
Modem Modem
Application on
Server
Application on Mobile
Device
Application on
Server
Application on Mobile
Device
Modem ModemWireless
•unreliable connection•limited bandwidth
Why Middleware?
Application on
Server
Application on Mobile
Device
Modem ModemWireless
Middleware Middleware
Middleware handles•Security•Compression•Content Transformation•SessionConnection Mgmt
Why Middleware?
WirelessSolution
DevicesWirelessNetworks
Middleware Applications
Wireless Development
Tidbits
Things to KnowDevelopment
Standards: WAP, iMode (proprietary) -> XML (XHTML, VoiceXML)
Languages: WML 2.0 (WAP), cHTML (iMode), HTMLImages: WML (WBMP), HTML (GIF, JPEG), cHTML (GIF), HDML
(nope)
Things to KnowDevelopment
Standards: WAP, iMode (proprietary) -> XML (XHTML, VoiceXML)
Languages: WML 2.0 (WAP), cHTML (iMode), HTMLImages: WML (WBMP), HTML (GIF, JPEG), cHTML (GIF), HDML
(nope)
Browser types
vary per device type Laptops: IE, Netscape, Others (HTML) Phones: HDML (older ones) or WML
PDAs: WML, HTML (for MS Pocket PC platform) devices, cHTML (iMode -- coming soon -- AT&T / NTT partnership)
note: WAP 2.0 browsers can now display cHTML and XHTML
Things to Know
Terminology Web site = Deck
data loads into device one deck at a time (limit due to memory constraints - 1.5 to 3 Kb)
Web page = Card
Things to Know
Terminology Web site = Deck
data loads into device one deck at a time (limit due to memory constraints - 1.5 to 3 Kb)
Web page = Card
Duplication, maintenance2 site versions? Right.
On-the-fly tag conversion (www.clearigo.com - middleware) based on device / browser type
Things to Know
Design based on device ‘form factors’: screen real estate
user input interface (numeric keys, touch screen, voice and handwriting recognition)
Battery lifeMemory / storage capabilities
Things to Know
Design based on device ‘form factors’: screen real estate
user input interface (numeric keys, touch screen, voice and handwriting recognition)
Battery lifeMemory / storage capabilities
Cellular Coverage Offline processing and storage requirements (memory & battery
limits)Data synchronization
The Future
Wireline vs. Wireless Subscriber GrowthWorldwide
Source: Credit Suisse First Boston - October 16, 2000
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000E 2001E 2002E 2003E
Year
Su
bscri
bers
(in
million
s) Wireless
Wireline
Worldwide Internet Access by Device
By 2003, most mobile phones
sold will incorporate
wireless data access
[IDC 2001]
1999 - 2004
Reality Check
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Consumer
Mobile Professional
POS
Field Sales
Field Service
Fleet Management
4.7M4.7M
26M26M
Source: Yankee Group 2000
Mobile Data Users by Market Segment 1998 - 2005
Future Devices
Nokia 5510
Future Devices
• WindowsCE only• 206Mhz/32Mb• CDMA 1900• Bluetooth I/F to
handset
FutureCom Global e-phone
Future Devices
Panasonic VideoPhone
Future Devices
Panasonic GPS Phone
Future Devices
Bluetooth EarbudCamera
with3 Rotate-
outScreens
Psion GPRS Concept Phone
Future Devices
Concept Watch Phones
thank you!
Mike Prokopsonik consulting groupwww.sonikgroup.com