Why study Chemistry in Why study Chemistry in Anatomy?Anatomy?

““Chemical Chemical reactions underlie reactions underlie all physiological all physiological

processes.”processes.”

Introduction to Chemistry• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=izeuGr0lbN0&list=PLI

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Basic Basic Chemistry Chemistry

ReviewReviewFor Anatomy StudentsFor Anatomy Students

ElementsElements are substances made of only 1 kind of atom.

ex: carbon, oxygen

• The six most common elements found in living things are C, H, C, H, O, N, P, and SO, N, P, and S..

Atomic StructureAtomic Structure

• atom - building blocks of matter

• subatomic particles within the nucleusprotons + chargeneutrons no charge

• around nucleus - cloud of – charged electrons

Atomic StructureAtomic Structure

• in most atoms, + and - are equal # of protons = # of electrons

• if an atom gains or loses an electron an ionion is formed

loses electron → pos. iongains electron → neg. ion

Atomic Atomic SymbolSymbol

Atomic Atomic MassMassAtomic Atomic

NumberNumberNumbeNumbe

r of r of protonsprotons

sum of sum of protons protons

and and neutroneutro

nsns

Number of Number of electrons electrons is equal to is equal to the the number of number of protonsprotons

Chemical BondsChemical Bonds• In an attempt to fill their levels to

become stable, atoms will interact with each other:

covalent bondscovalent bonds share electrons

ionic bondsionic bonds transfer

electrons

IsotopesIsotopes• variant of an element with same atomic

number but different atomic mass• ex: radioisotopradioisotopee - heavier isotopes of many

elements which are unstable and decompose • decay is radioactive

Uses Uses for for

IsotopeIsotopess

Molecular formulasMolecular formulas show the specific ratios of atoms in a compound.

ex: H2O - made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Water Water HH22OO

Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide COCO22

OxygenOxygen OO22

GlucoseGlucose CC66HH1212OO66

Introduction to Biochemistry HD• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpBAmzQ_pUE

Organic CompoundsOrganic Compounds• contain carbon• covalently bonded• large - macromoleculesmacromolecules• made by living things