Why do we use Graphs?1. Visual representation of data2. To organize data

In which year were the least amount of dolphins seen? Did you use the chart or the graph or both to find

your answer?Year # of

Dolphins1996 19941997 76461998 49811999 63222000 55632001 7762

Making Graphs Make a graph for each

of the following sets of data.

Use a line graph, a bar graph and a pie chart

Sam’s WeightMonth Weight in

kgJanuary 49Februar

y54

March 61April 69May 73

Adopt Student Uniforms

Response

# of Student

s

%

Yes 30 10No 180 60

Maybe 90 30

Students’ Favorite After School Activities

Activity # of Students

Play Sports 45Talk on the

Phone53

Visit with Friends

99

Earn Money 44Chat Online 66School Clubs 22

Watch TV 37

Temperature Heat: a measure of how fast

molecules are moving Temperature: a measure of the

thermal energy in an object

Thermoscope: 1593 Galileo The first instrument that

measured changes in heat Works on the principle of AIR

expanding and contracting Cold air contracts Hot air expands

Fahrenheit Scale: 1714 Daniel Fahrenheit More accurate than the

thermoscope Based on the principle of MERCURY

to expand and contract 32°F = freezing point of water 98°F = body temperature 212°F = boiling point of water

Celsius Scale: 1742 Andreas Celsius Based on the freezing and boiling points of

water 0°C = water freezes 100°C = water boils

Kelvin Scale:1847 William Thompson (Lord Kelvin) 0 K = absolute zero: The

lowest possible temperature of anything in the universe

Molecules stop moving Used mostly in the astronomy

and engineering 0 K = -273°C 273 K = 0° C 373 K = 100° C

Dial thermometer: 1759 John Harrison Based on the principle of metal

expanding and contracting Used in furnace thermostats and

meat thermometers

Electric Thermometer: 1871 Sir William Siemens

Based on the principle of charged particles expanding and contracting Measures electrical charge and

translates it into a temperature

What are the following temperatures in Fahrenheit and Celsius? Freezing point of water

0º C or 32º F Boiling point of water

100º C or 212º F Human body temperature

37º C or 98º F Room Temperature

21º C or 70º F

Temperature Scales

Conversions Celsius to Fahrenheit:

Fahrenheit to Celsius:

Metric vs. American Measurements Metric System

Grams Meters Liters Celsius http://en.wikipedia.or

g/wiki/United_States_customary_units

American System Pounds Ounces Feet Inches Yards Miles Gallons Cups Teaspoon Quarts Pints Fahrenheit

Problems Metric mishap caused loss of NASA orbiter September 30, 1999 CNN NASA lost a $125 million Mars orbiter because a Lockheed Martin

engineering team used English units of measurement while NASAs team used the metric system for a key spacecraft operation.

The units mismatch prevented navigation information from transferring between the Mars Climate Orbiter spacecraft team in at Lockheed Martin in Denver and the flight team at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

Lockheed Martin helped build, develop and operate the spacecraft for NASA. Its engineers provided navigation commands for Climate Orbiters thrusters in English units although NASA has been using the metric system predominantly since at least 1990.

Metric System BasicsMost (95%) of the world uses the metric

system Why use the metric system?

To have a single unit for every physical quantity Volume, weight, length

MUCH EASIER: Based on units of 10

Metric System Basics The metric system is based on a base unit that

corresponds with a certain type of measurement Length = meters (m) Volume = liters (L) Mass or weight = grams (g)

Other abbreviations Kilo = k Hecto = H Deka = D deci = d centi = c milli = m

Metric Conversions

Metric Conversions