Why do things move?

Lesson 1

Motion

Lesson 2

Forces and Motion

Lesson 3

Work and Energy

Lesson 4

Simple Machines

Chapter 11 Menu

position

motion

frame of reference

speed

velocity

acceleration

momentum

Lesson 1 Splash

What is motion?

Motion is a change in position over time.

Lesson 1 a

What is speed?

Speed is how fast an object’s position changes over time.

bee 8 m/s giraffe 14 m/s 3 eagle 33 m/s

horse 21 m/s

turtle 2 m/s

dolphin 12 m/s

cheetah 33 m/s

speed = distance ÷ time

Lesson 1 b

What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the change in

an object’s velocity over time.

acceleration = change in speed ÷ time

Lesson 1 c

What is

momentum?

The more momentum an object has, the easier it is for

that object to move other objects.

momentum = mass x velocity

Lesson 1 d

Is speed or velocity more helpful to a pilot?

Why?

Main Idea

Velocity is more helpful, because it

tells the pilot how fast the plane is

moving and the direction it is traveling.

Lesson 1 Main Idea Review

momentum acceleration

Vocabulary

_______________ is the location of an object.

_______________ is the change in velocity over

time for an object.

A group of objects from which you can measure a

position or motion is a ________________.

_______________ is the product of mass

multiplied by velocity.

position frame of reference

Position

Acceleration

Momentum

Lesson 1 Vocab Review a

velocity speed

Vocabulary

________ is how fast an object’s position changes

over time.

________ is the measurement that combines both

the speed and direction of a moving object.

________ is a change in position over time.

motion

Speed

Velocity

Motion

Lesson 1 Vocab Review b

How could an object accelerate

while still traveling at a constant

speed?

Main Idea

and Details

End of Lesson

Main Idea Details

A car driving

around a

circular

track is

accelerating.

Velocity is

changing as

direction

changes;

speed is

constant.

Lesson 1 GO Review

Lesson 1 Vocab a

Lesson 1 Vocab b

Lesson 1 Vocab c

Lesson 1 Vocab d

Lesson 1 Vocab e

Lesson 1 Vocab f

Lesson 1 Vocab g

force

friction

balanced force

unbalanced

force

action force

reaction force

Lesson 2 Splash

What are forces?

A force is any push or pull

from one object to another.

Lesson 2 a

What are gravity and friction?

drag

gravity

Lesson 2 b

What is Newton’s First Law?

NEWTON’S FIRST LAW

An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an

object in constant motion tends to stay in motion,

unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Lesson 2 c

What is Newton’s Second Law?

NEWTON’S SECOND LAW

The unbalanced force on an object is equal to the

mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration:

F=m x a.

Lesson 2 d

What is Newton’s Third Law?

NEWTON’S THIRD LAW

All forces occur in pairs, and these two forces

are equal in strength an opposite in direction.

Lesson 2 e

What forces are at work on a floating object?

Are they balanced?

Main Idea

The forces at work on a floating object are

gravity and buoyancy. They are balanced.

Lesson 2 Main Idea Review

The push of the second object back on the

first object is a _______________.

When forces act on an object without

changing its motion, it is a _______________.

A _______________ is any push or pull from

one object to another.

force balanced force

Vocabulary

reaction force

Lesson 2 Vocab Review a

A force that causes an object to change its

motion is an ________________.

The push of the first object on the second

object is an _______________.

_______________ is a force that opposes the

motion of one object moving past another.

friction action force

Vocabulary

unbalanced force

Friction

Lesson 2 Vocab Review b

wide, flat surfaces drag

on the plane

adjust or redesign surfaces

that cause friction

drag on the plane is

decreased

Problem and

Solution

End of Lesson

How could

you decrease

the drag on

an airplane?

Lesson 2 GO Review

Lesson 2 Vocab a

Lesson 2 Vocab b

Lesson 2 Vocab c

Lesson 2 Vocab d

Lesson 2 Vocab e

Lesson 2 Vocab f

work

energy

potential energy

kinetic energy

law of

conservation

of energy

Lesson 3 Splash

What is work?

work = force x distance

force

distance

Work is the measurement of

energy used to perform a task.

Lesson 3 a

What is energy?

Energy is the ability to perform work or to change an object.

dropping throwing

lifting

Lesson 3 b

How can energy change?

The kinetic

energy of falling

water is changed

into electricity at

a hydroelectric

dam.

Lesson 3 c

When is work done when you throw

and catch a ball?

Main Idea

Work is done as the ball is thrown and

accelerates. Work is done when the

ball is caught and is stopped.

Lesson 3 Main Idea Review

__________________ is the ability to perform work or

to change an object.

_________________ is energy that is stored in the

position, or structure of an object.

__________________ is the measurement of the

energy used to perform a task.

The theory that states energy cannot be created or

destroyed, it can only change form is called the

_________________ is the energy of a moving object.

__________________________. ________________.

work

kinetic energy

Vocabulary

law of conservation of energy

energy potential energy

Energy

Potential Energy

Work

Kinetic energy

Lesson 3 Vocab Review

Infer

When might kinetic energy turn

into sound energy?

End of Lesson

Clues What I Know What I Infer

Clap

your

hands.

Energy

cannot be

created or

destroyed, it

can only

change form.

Kinetic

energy

turns into

sound

energy.

Lesson 3 GO Review

Lesson 3 Vocab a

Lesson 3 Vocab b

Lesson 3 Vocab c

Lesson 3 Vocab d

Lesson 3 Vocab e

simple

machine

effort

load

fulcrum

compound

machine

efficiency

Lesson 4 Splash

What are simple machines?

A simple machine is a machine

that takes one force and changes

its direction, distance, or strength.

lever wedge

screw inclined plane wheel and axle

pulley

Lesson 4 a

What are levers?

first-class levers

second-class lever

KEY

effort output

effort arm

fulcrum

resistance arm

Lesson 4 b

Which machines are like levers?

Wheel and axle

Pulley

Lesson 4 c

What are inclined planes?

output

resistance arm effort arm

Lesson 4 d

What are compound machines?

When two or

more simple

machines are

combined

they form a

compound

machine.

pulley electric winch

elevator

counterbalance

Lesson 4 e

How could several pulleys help you lift

a very heavy object?

Main Idea

The pulley system could redirect your

effort so that you could pull down

instead of lift up. More importantly, a

pulley system could multiply your

effort so that you could lift the object

more easily.

Lesson 4 Main Idea Review

simple machine fulcrum

Vocabulary

______________ is the force you apply to a

machine.

A ______________ is a machine that takes one

force and changes its direction, distance, or

strength.

The ______________ is the pivot point around

which the bar of a lever rotates.

effort

Effort

Lesson 4 Vocab Review a

__________________ is the ratio of input

energy to output work, usually written as a

percentage.

When two or more simple machines are

combined they form a __________________.

The __________________ is the object moved

by the output.

load efficiency

Vocabulary

compound machine

Efficiency

Lesson 4 Vocab Review b

Main Idea

wheels of the car

windshield wipers

Write a list of at least three parts in

a car and state what kind of simple

machine each is.

End of Lesson

Car Part Simple Machine

wheel and axle

third-class levers

doors third-class levers

Lesson 4 GO Review

Lesson 4 Vocab a

Lesson 4 Vocab b

Lesson 4 Vocab c

Lesson 4 Vocab d

Lesson 4 Vocab e

Lesson 4 Vocab f