Which solids will dissolve?

Dayna Lee Martínez

STARS – USF

Maniscalco Elementary

Review

• Mixture– A mixture is a combination of two or more

substances that are not chemically combined and that can be separated.

– Could you give me an example?

• Homogeneous vs. heterogeneous mixtures– Homogeneous mixtures are of uniform

appearance – Heterogeneous mixtures consists of visibly

different substances

Solutions• Solution

– A solution is a group of molecules that are mixed up in a completely even distribution.

AlloysCarbonated

water

Chocolatemilk

Solute and Solvent• Solute

– A solute is the substance to be dissolved.

• Solvent – A solvent is the substance doing the dissolving.

Solubility• Solubility

– Ability of the solvent to dissolve the solute.

• Factors that affect solubility

Temperature PressureStructure ofthe substance

Classification of solutions

• Saturated solutions – have the maximum amount of solute dissolved in them.

No more solute can be made to dissolve.

• Unsaturated solutions – have less than the maximum amount of solute dissolved

in them. This means that more solute could be added to the solution and the additional solute would still dissolve.

• Supersaturated solutions – have more than the maximum amount of solute dissolved

in them. Not all substances will form supersaturated solutions.

http://genchem.chem.wisc.edu/demonstrations/gen_chem_pages/11solutionspage/crystallization_from_super.htm

Saturated

Unsaturated

Supersaturated

Suspensions• The particles in suspensions are larger than those

found in solutions. Components of a suspension can be evenly distributed by mechanical means, like by shaking the contents, but the components will settle out.

Chalk in water Dust in air

Which solids will dissolve?

At the end of today’s experimentwe will be able to answer this question for the following solids: sand, sugar, salt and baking soda