Post on 04-Jan-2016
What were the two main forms of corporate combination that business
leaders used to form monopolies in the late 1800’s? Name two of these
leaders.
pools and trusts; Carnegie, Rockefeller, Vanderbilt,
Stanford
What school of social thought promoted the idea of survival of
the fittest? How was this applied to businesses?
Social Darwinism, strong businesses had the duty to dominate the weaker ones
What did the social gospel movement promote?
Applying the ideas of the Christian gospel to American
society
What parts of the country were Populists from? What kind of work did they generally do?
West and South, farming
What were the two key demands of the Populists?
Better government regulation of monopolies (especially
railroads) and looser currency
The Populists may have failed in the short term, but in what key way were they a success in the
long term?
Many of their ideas later went into practice (regulation of
RR’s, larger currency supply, direct election of senators)
What social class sought to demonstrate their integrity and
spread their definition of character in the Progressive Age?
the growing Middle Class
What cause were progressives like Jane Addams and Florence Kelley associated with? Who
were they trying to help?
settlement houses, poor women & children
What did the 19th Amendment do? When was it ratified?
Gave women the right to vote, 1920 (after WWI)
Name 2 measures taken by progressives to take the corruption out of government and increase the
direct involvement of the people.
commission system, direct primaries, referendums &
initiatives, direct election of senators
Which president is most closely associated with Progressivism?
What 3rd party did he form so that he could run for President again in
1912?
Theodore Roosevelt, Bull Moose Party
What were two key aspects of Theodore Roosevelt’s
Progressivism?
Using power of government to regulate big business,
protection of public lands, promote public health
What did Booker T. Washington feel was critical to equal standing
for Blacks?
self-improvement, especially economic
How did A. Phillip Randolph work to bring better conditions to
Blacks?
through organization in labor unions
Who made discrimination against minority workers in the defense industry illegal? Why?
When?
FDR, black workers demanded equal treatment, 1941 (start of
WWII)
How have periods of war impacted economic and political
opportunities for women throughout U.S. History?
Expanded them (especially WWI & WWII)
Why was it such a big deal that Jackie Robinson played
baseball?
it was America’s past time, everybody paid attention
How quickly did this decision effectively desegregate the
schools? Why?
Not very quickly, deep seeded racism remained
What did the Emmett Till case demonstrate about the Southern
Judicial System?
no justice for blacks from all white system
What organization was founded by King & other ministers in
1957?
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
How did Eisenhower support the integration of Central High
School in Little Rock?
Sent in National Guard troops to keep the peace and protect the
students (showed he would enforce decision)
What was the SNCC? What was their first big action in the
movement?
The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, Sit Ins
What was the goal of the freedom riders? What
challenges did they face?
Integrate bus terminals and take the movement to the deep South, bombings, beatings,
arrests, etc.
Why was JFK reluctant to fully support them?
He was afraid of America looking bad on the world scene (Cold war, tension with the Soviets)
What was MLK’s chief purpose in his “Letter from a Birmingham
Jail”?
He will be an extremist in the cause of morality, it is not the
fault of the movement that their actions result in violence
What was the purpose of the 1963 March on Washington (I
Have a Dream Speech)?
Increase pressure for the passage of Civil Rights
Legislation
What kinds of groups believed blacks must rely on themselves and not on
integration?
Black Separatists
According to Malcolm X, who would it be OK to use violence
against?
someone who had “laid a hand” on you
Name two things that happened to the Freedom Riders as they
went through the South.
bombed, attacked, jailed
Name two key provisions of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
Defined Discrimination, no discrimination in any government or public
enterprise, no discrimination in employment
Name two key provisions of the 1965 Voting Rights Act.
Outlawed literacy tests, federal officials can overrule local
registrars
Name two demands of the Black Panthers.
full employment, self determination, blacks should not serve in Vietnam, decent
housing, better education
How did the push for equality by African Americans affect other
minority groups?
Inspired them to act (Latinos, Women, American Indians)
What were two big issues new feminists addressed?
Discrimination in employment, equal pay for equal work, glass
ceiling
What were two big issues for Latinos in the late 1960’s early
1970’s?
Better conditions/pay for farm workers, better schools, more
involvement in the political process
What were two big issues for American Indians in the late
1960’s early 1970’s?
Poverty, greater autonomy (self rule), restitution from the
federal government
Why did Burglars break into the Democratic National
Headquarters in 1972?
looking for documents & records for Republicans to use against
Democrats
What two things did reporters and prosecutors use to trace the
conspiracy into the White House?
money and tapes
How did Watergate change the way people viewed the role of
the United States government?
Changed dramatically for the worse, people became much
more pessimistic
What two things were we seeking from the Iranians in the
Iran Contra scandal?
money (to give to the Contras) and help freeing hostages in
Lebanon
Why was this so controversial?
Congress had specifically told the executive branch they could
not fund the Contras
Who claimed most of the responsibility for the operation
and took the fall?
Oliver North (and his secretary Fawn Hall)