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description
Multinational Planning Augmentation TeamMultinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT TE-1)(MPAT TE-1)
Staff Planning WorkshopStaff Planning Workshop
MNF / CTF Humanitarian Assistance and
Disaster Relief Operations Overview
What is Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT) ?
A cadre of military planners from A cadre of military planners from nations in the Asia-Pacific region nations in the Asia-Pacific region capable of rapidly augmenting a capable of rapidly augmenting a multinational force (MNF) multinational force (MNF) headquarters established to plan headquarters established to plan and execute coalition operations and execute coalition operations in response to small scale in response to small scale contingencies (SSC).contingencies (SSC).
CTF FormingMultinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)
Personnel/J1Personnel/J1 Intel/J2Intel/J2 Ops/J3Ops/J3 Log/J4Log/J4 Plans/J5Plans/J5 Comms/J6Comms/J6
MPAT
CTF
MNF/CTF Operational Headquarters Staff Organization
Civil Affairs,SJA, Medical, Engineer
Etc.
ACADEMICS
COA ANALYSIS
ACADEMICS
COA ANALYSIS
& COACOMPARISON
Prep COA Decision
BriefCOA Decision
Brief
ACADEMICS
AAR
ACADEMICS
MISSION ANALYSIS
Scenario BRF
MSN ANALBRIEF
ACADEMICS
COADEVELOP-
MENT
InitialCOA BRIEF
Improving MNF Staff Planner Effectiveness Product:
Commander’s Estimate
MPAT TE-1 Workshop Methodology
Initiation: Warning Order
13 Nov 14 Nov 15 Nov 16 Nov 17 Nov
ACADEMICSStaff Cell
Briefs
PurposeBroad introduction to the key elements of humanitarian
assistance operations
VIICOA
Development
VITransition to a Non Military
Effort
VMeasures of Effeciveness
IVNGOs/IO
IIIUS Organizations
IIThe Players
ITerminology
Military
NGOs
OFDA/DART
DOS/EMB
UN
US FHA/DR DOCTRINE TERMINOLOGY
Foreign Humanitarian Assistance (FHA): Operations conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human suffering, disease, or privation that might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property.
Conducted outside US– Limited in scope and duration– Assistance provided to supplement or compliment
the efforts of the Host Nation (HN)
Disaster Relief (DR): A Subset of Humanitarian Assistance Joint Pub 3-07.6 (Draft)Joint Pub 3-07.6 (Draft)
Multinational OperationsMultinational Operations: A collective term to : A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of describe military actions conducted by forces of two or moretwo or more nations, typically organized within nations, typically organized within the the structure of a coalition or alliancestructure of a coalition or alliance. .
Combined OperationCombined Operation: An operation conducted by : An operation conducted by forces of forces of two or more allied nationstwo or more allied nations acting acting together for the together for the accomplishment of a single accomplishment of a single missionmission..
CoalitionCoalition: an : an ad hocad hoc arrangement between two or arrangement between two or more nations more nations for common actionfor common action... usually for ... usually for a a single action orsingle action or longer cooperation in a longer cooperation in a narrow narrow sector of common interestsector of common interest.. Examples: Examples: Desert Desert Storm, SomaliaStorm, Somalia
Multinational OperationsMultinational Operations: A collective term to : A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of describe military actions conducted by forces of two or moretwo or more nations, typically organized within nations, typically organized within the the structure of a coalition or alliancestructure of a coalition or alliance. .
Combined OperationCombined Operation: An operation conducted by : An operation conducted by forces of forces of two or more allied nationstwo or more allied nations acting acting together for the together for the accomplishment of a single accomplishment of a single missionmission..
CoalitionCoalition: an : an ad hocad hoc arrangement between two or arrangement between two or more nations more nations for common actionfor common action... usually for ... usually for a a single action orsingle action or longer cooperation in a longer cooperation in a narrow narrow sector of common interestsector of common interest.. Examples: Examples: Desert Desert Storm, SomaliaStorm, Somalia
Joint Pub 1-02Joint Pub 1-02Joint Pub 1-02Joint Pub 1-02
More TerminologyMore TerminologyMore TerminologyMore Terminology
Perspectives on Multinational OperationsPerspectives on Multinational Operations
““Allies are the most aggravating of people. They Allies are the most aggravating of people. They are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they approach quite straightforward problems from such approach quite straightforward problems from such extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them on common objectives their methods towards obtaining on common objectives their methods towards obtaining them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce consideration of their own national politics and consideration of their own national politics and hangovers from their past history, none of which have hangovers from their past history, none of which have the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..” fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..”
Field Marshall William SlimField Marshall William Slim
““Allies are the most aggravating of people. They Allies are the most aggravating of people. They are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they approach quite straightforward problems from such approach quite straightforward problems from such extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them on common objectives their methods towards obtaining on common objectives their methods towards obtaining them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce consideration of their own national politics and consideration of their own national politics and hangovers from their past history, none of which have hangovers from their past history, none of which have the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..” fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..”
Field Marshall William SlimField Marshall William Slim
Humanitarian Assistance Operations
Provide Comfort - Turkey/N. Iraq (HA) Sea Angel I & II - Bangladesh (HA) Fiery Vigil - Philippines (HA) Guantanamo/Panama-- Haitian Refugees (HA) Provide Hope - Former Soviet Union (HA) Provide Relief - Kenya/Somalia (HA) Restore Hope - Somalia (HA) Provide Promise - Former Yugoslavia (HA) Pacific Haven - Guam (HA) East Timor (PO / HA)
TYPES OF FHA OPERATIONS
COMPLEXITY
Unilateral MU
LTI-
NA
TIO
NA
L UN
TYPES OF OPERATIONS
PLAYERS
NGO’s/PVO’sNon-Governmental/
Private Volunteer Orgs
HOST-NATIONGOVERNMENT
INTERNATIONAL ORGs
(INT’L RED CROSS)
IOsOFFICE OF FOREIGN DISASTER
ASSISTANCE SUPPORT
OFDA
MNF /CTF
UNITEDNATIONS
EMBASSIES
Ambassadors/Chiefs of Mission
Responsible for Overall Direction, Coordination, and Supervision of Supporting Government Activities in the Host Country
Responsible for Successful Completion of the HA/DR and Safety of their Government’s Citizens and DFNs
For the US: State Department = Lead Federal Agency
Ambassadors/Chief of Missions
The Ambassador Is Not in the Military Chain of Command but a US JTF/CTF Commander Will Fully Support the Ambassador’s Plans and Cooperate With Lead Federal Agency / DOS and Embassy Personnel, Without Compromising Mission Requirements
Pg I-6 and II-3, JP 3-07.5
“The military is enamored with
timelines, no-later-than dates, and
ultimatums. We on the other hand
spend endless hours waiting and
toiling for the slightest glimmer of
hope in a situation unencumbered
by deadlines and concrete results.
Clearly, there are two diametrically
opposed philosophies.”
USLO Mogadishu, Somalia
MNF / CTF COMMANDER
Responsible for all phases of the
military operation
Provides military assistance to
Governmental and Non-
governmental agencies as
directed by CTF establishing
authority.
Establishes Liaison teams
Orchestrates the transition of responsibilities to other agencies
US Unilateral HA / DR Operation:SIMPLIFIED C2
NGOsPVOsIOs
PRESIDENT
SECSTATESECDEF
CINCAMB /
COUNTRY TM
Humanitarian& Ref. Affairs
JTF
USAID
OFDA/DARTHACC/JLOC
CMOCHOC
Civil Military Operations Center (CMOC)
“In Somalia, a daily meeting was held where
the NGOs were briefed on the current situation
from all military participants. A review of
ongoing humanitarian actions was briefed by
NGOs and security requests were processed
by the assisting units. In addition, the CMOC
served as the venue for UN humanitarian
programs to operate from.”
“In Somalia, a daily meeting was held where
the NGOs were briefed on the current situation
from all military participants. A review of
ongoing humanitarian actions was briefed by
NGOs and security requests were processed
by the assisting units. In addition, the CMOC
served as the venue for UN humanitarian
programs to operate from.”
CIVIL MILITARY OPERATIONS CENTER (CMOC)
CMOC
DIRECTOROPERATIONS
SECTION
ADMIN/SUPPORTSECTION
NON-MILITARYREPRESENTATIVES
CMOC
NGOs &PVOs
USG Agencies
UN Children’s Fund
Dept ofPeacekeepingOperations
High Commissionerfor Refugees
InterAction CARE Doctors of the World
Save the Children
Intl RescueCommitteeOFDA / DART
Red Cross
ICRC
World FoodProgramme
Country Team
MEASURES OF EFFECTIVENESS
APPROPRIATE MISSION-
RELATED
MEASURABLE
REASONABLE
IN NUMBER
SENSITIVE
USEFUL
TRANSITION AND / OR
TERMINATION
FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
TRANSITION PLAN
FISCAL GUIDANCE
TRANSITION CRITERIA
TRANSITION
OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
PERMISSIVE UNCERTAIN
HOSTILE
MNF/CTF
PRINCIPLES OF MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR
OBJECTIVE
UNITY OF EFFORT
PERSEVERANCE
SECURITY
RESTRAINT
LEGITIMACY
COA DEVELOPMENT STEPS--HA / DR
1. Coordinate with Host Nation, UN, IO NGO/PVOs, Lead Government Agencies, etc. 2. Determine threat / operational environment(s)3. Analyze force capabilities4. Array force capabilities (HA, security, medical, transportation, etc.)5. Develop scheme of maneuver6. Determine C2 means and maneuver control measures7. Prepare COA statement and sketch8. Prepare staff estimates
HA / DR Lessons Learned
Symbology- Depiction of non-military operations
What is the role of traditional Intel in support of HA/DR
Information Management process
Map Doctrine And Fratricide
BDA- How to quantify in a disaster?
Understanding PSYOP And CA
Non-lethal Weapons- ROE?
Force Protection- Right level?
Field Sanitation- Lost Art?
Lessons Learned (Cont’d)
Each operation differs- No universal doctrine & SOPs
Plan inclusively- include non-military players
Know the players and their relevance to the mission
Use the media: Objectives; scope of assistance; exit strategy
Don’t underestimate people’s coping skills
Thank you for your attention