Post on 10-Jul-2020
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 43
What is a M
emoir?
• A litera
ry g
enre
• A w
ritten, b
rief perso
nal ex
perien
ce or m
emory
• It cap
tures certa
in h
igh
ligh
ts or m
ean
ingfu
l even
ts in o
ne’s p
ast
44 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
A M
emoi
r•
Ref
lect
s on
th
e m
ean
ing o
f th
at
even
t
(th
eme-
mes
sage
or
less
on
mig
ht
be
revea
led
at
this
poin
t)
• D
escr
ibes
th
e ev
ents
an
d t
hen
sh
ow
s w
hy t
he
even
t is
sig
nif
ican
t
• F
ocu
ses
in o
n a
pro
ble
m o
r co
nfl
ict
an
d i
ts r
esolu
tion
• S
how
s h
ow
an
d w
hy t
he
reso
luti
on
is
sign
ific
an
t to
th
e p
erso
n w
ho
exp
erie
nce
d t
he
even
t
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 45
Elements for a M
emoir
• Th
eme
• Settin
g
• Ch
ara
cters
• Voice- w
hat w
e hea
r in o
ur h
ead
as th
e writer ca
ptu
res perso
nality
• Dia
logu
e
• Reflectio
n a
nd
self disco
very
• Poin
t of V
iew- first p
erson
• Su
bject- p
erson
, pla
ce, an
imal, o
r ob
ject
46 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Biog
raph
y an
d A
utob
iogr
aphy
bio
(lif
e)
grap
h (w
rite
)au
to (
self
)
bio
+ gr
aph
= bi
ogra
phy
When
som
eone
wri
tes
the
life
sto
ry o
f an
oth
er p
erso
n, it
is
call
ed a
bio
gra
phy.
auto
+ b
io +
gra
ph =
bio
grap
hyW
e ca
n w
rite
our
ow
n l
ife
story
. W
hen
we
wri
te o
ur
ow
n l
ife
story
, it
is c
alle
d a
n a
uto
bio
gra
phy.
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 47
BiographyT
he sto
ry o
f a p
erson
’s life written
by a
noth
er perso
n
The read
ing selectio
ns in
the an
tholo
gy, O
ne More River To C
ross, are bio
grap
hical acco
unts o
f African
Am
ericans w
ho h
ave m
ade sp
ecial
contrib
utio
ns to
society.
48 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Aut
obio
grap
hy
A s
tory
of
a p
erso
n’s
lif
e w
ritt
en b
y t
hat
per
son
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 49
Th
ird-p
erson
poin
t of v
iew lim
ited:
is when
a voice o
utsid
e of th
e story
tells the
story. T
he read
er sees the w
orld
thro
ugh o
nly
on
e character’s ey
es, and
kn
ow
s on
ly w
hat
this ch
aracter thin
ks.
First-p
erson
poin
t of v
iew:
is when
a character tells th
e story
and th
e reader
kn
ow
s on
ly w
hat th
is character is th
ink
ing
and
seeing.
Point of View
Th
ird-p
erson
poin
t of v
iew om
niscient:is w
hen
a voice o
utsid
e of th
e story
tells the
story. T
he read
er can k
now
what an
y ch
ar-
acter is thin
kin
g o
r doin
g.
Francisco tells his story from this point of view. H
e describeslife am
ong the Jiménez fam
ily through his lens.
50 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Bio Poem
Francisco JiménezName
Famous for
When
Where
Word that describes
(tell more about)
Another word that describes
(tell even more about)
Selected Nickname
Composers Square
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 51
Mam
á
Com
pari
son
Char
t
Both
Papá
52 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Indiv
iduals
Perso
nality
Traits
Sig
nifican
t
Contrib
utio
ns
Your F
eelings A
bout
This In
div
idual
Fran
cisco
Pap
á
Mam
á
Roberto
Early Perceptions
Breaking Through/Personality Chart
Reco
rd in
form
atio
n, a
s requ
ested, in
each
colu
mn
of th
is chart. S
elect an
d co
mp
are tw
o in
div
idu
als. W
rite a b
rief sum
mary
describ
ing th
eir
simila
rities an
d d
ifferences.
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 53
Personality Wheel
Papá
Chapters 16-20 Chap
ters
11-1
5
Chapters 6-10Ch
apte
rs 1-
5
Chapters 20-25Write several summary statements describing any changes that have taken place in Papá’s personality.
54 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Personality Wheel
Francisco
Chapters 16-20 Chap
ters
11-1
5
Chapters 6-10Ch
apte
rs 1-
5
Chapters 20-25Write several summary statements describing any changes that have taken place in Francisco’s
personality.
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 55
Com
pari
son
Char
t
Caus
eEf
fect
Resu
lts
(eff
ect)
Caus
eEf
fect
Resu
lts
(eff
ect)
56 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
ThoughtsWhat thoughts were going through Francisco’s head when the immigration officer came to his classroom? This
exercise has been started for you below.
Internal Conflicts
Example: Francisco was happy and excited about
going to school, but he felt sad since Roberto had to
work.
External Conflicts
Example: Francisco could not take trumpet lessons
from his teacher because the family had to move.
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 57
Theme
Th
e au
thor’s cen
tral m
essage o
r insig
ht in
to life th
at h
e or sh
e wan
ts
the rea
der to
un
dersta
nd
.
Th
emes in
Breaking Through:
The sig
nifican
ce of fam
ily u
nity
and h
ow
to su
stain it
The p
ow
er of settin
g g
oals an
d stay
ing fo
cused
on m
eeting th
em
The im
portan
ce of p
ursu
ing an
educatio
n
The n
eed fo
r indiv
iduals to
seek h
um
or an
d u
se it to o
btain
hum
ility
The b
reakin
g d
ow
n o
f barriers
The ab
ility to
main
tain a stro
ng w
ork
ethic
Wh
at o
ther th
emes w
ere ad
dressed
by th
e au
thor?
58 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Styl
eT
he
way a
n a
uth
or
pu
ts h
is o
r h
er t
hou
gh
ts i
nto
word
s.
Sty
le c
an
en
com
pass
an
au
thor’s
in
div
idu
al
word
ch
oic
e an
d s
yn
tax,
an
d t
he
infl
uen
ce o
f an
au
thor’s
per
son
ali
ty o
n t
he
sub
ject
matt
er.
Th
e ty
pe
of
wri
tin
g a
n a
uth
or
use
s to
cre
ate
a m
ood
, in
clu
din
g h
is o
r
her
use
of
sym
bols
, m
etap
hors
, im
ager
y, p
ara
doxes
, an
d i
ron
y.
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 59
Style T
he a
uth
or u
ses the fo
llow
ing w
ord
s in h
is mem
oir, “
Th
e Circu
it,”
an
d in
his a
uto
bio
gra
ph
y B
reaking Through. R
ead
each
word
carefu
lly, an
d resp
on
d to
the fo
llow
ing q
uestio
ns:
How
man
y o
f these w
ord
s do y
ou
use in
you
r spea
kin
g a
nd
writin
g v
oca
bu
lary
?
Ch
oose fiv
e of y
ou
r favorites a
nd
write d
escriptiv
e senten
ces for ea
ch.
smirk
ing
strum
min
g
grip
pin
g
clench
ing
screechin
g
bick
ering
rottin
g
dan
glin
g
thin
nin
g
shru
ggin
g
cruisin
g
recedin
g
rootin
g
shred
din
g
60 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Sym
bolis
mF
ran
cisc
o J
imén
ez i
ncl
ud
es m
ult
iple
sym
bols
or
sign
s in
his
au
tob
iogra
ph
y, B
reak
ing
Thro
ugh.
Som
e re
fere
nce
s to
rel
igio
n,
cult
ura
l aw
are
nes
s, r
aci
al
bia
s, s
up
erst
itio
n, et
c., are
em
bed
ded
in
the
text
an
d t
hey
ad
d t
o t
he
rich
nes
s of
the
story
.
Exam
ples
of h
ow th
e au
thor
use
d sy
mbo
lism
:
Page
45
Papá
sha
res
that
a c
uran
dera
has
cur
ed h
im. H
e sa
ys t
hat
his
back
is
bette
r be
caus
e th
ecu
rand
era
rem
oved
the
hex
that
had
bee
n pl
aced
on
him
.
Page
46
The
auth
or d
escr
ibes
in d
etai
l how
the
cura
nder
a cu
red
Papá
.
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 61
Symbolism
Th
e sym
bols referred
to in
this tex
t can
be a
ssocia
ted w
ith relig
ion
,
sup
erstition
, an
d tra
ditio
ns o
r rituals.
Throughout the autobiography the author sends the message that Papá w
asphysically exhausted because of his m
any years of work in the fields.
The author makes reference to Papá’s m
ood changes, back pain, callusedhands, and depression.
62 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Jour
nal
A w
ritt
en a
ccou
nt
of
wh
at
on
e h
as
don
e, f
elt,
or
thou
gh
t; a
book
kee
pin
g s
uch
an
acc
ou
nt;
gen
erall
y c
on
sid
ered
to b
e
syn
on
ym
ou
s w
ith
dia
ry
Trav
el J
ourn
al E
ntri
esD
ay #
5M
y te
am h
iked
to th
e to
p of
the
San
Yasi
dra
Mou
ntai
ns w
here
the
view
w
as b
reat
htak
ing.
Day
#10
Alth
ough
our
trip
has
bee
n ex
citin
g an
d ve
ry a
dven
turo
us, I
am
gla
d to
be
hea
ded
hom
e.
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 63
StoryboardS
um
marize sig
nifica
nt ev
ents fro
m B
reaking Through.
Even
t #1
Even
t #2
Even
t #3
Even
t #4
Conclu
sion
64 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 1 “Forced Out”
Chapter 2 “Home Alone”
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 65
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 3 “Stepping Out”
Chapter 4 “Together Again”
66 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 5 “Back to the Fields”
Chapter 6 “Saint Christopher Medal”
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 67
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 7 “Summer Skirmishes”
Chapter 8 “Becoming a Saint”
68 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 9 “If the Shoe Fits”
Chapter 10 “A Promotion”
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 69
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 11 “A Typing Machine”
Chapter 12 “Making Connections”
70 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 13 “Broken Heart”
Chapter 14 “Behind the Wheel”
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 71
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 15 “Turning a Page”
Chapter 16 “Los Santitos”
72 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 17 “Choosing Sides”
Chapter 18 “Junior Scandals”
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 73
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 19 “Running for Office”
Chapter 20 “A New Life”
74 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 21 “A Test of Faith”
Chapter 22 “A Fumble”
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 75
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 23 “A Breakthrough”
Chapter 24 “Graduation Day”
76 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Journal-Chapter Summary StatementsWhen you have completed reading each chapter, think about the author’s message to you as the reader. Summarize
your thoughts, share opinions, and make comments.
Chapter 25 “Still Moving”
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 77
Data CentralComparison Chart
Francisco Jiménez Cesar Chavez
Born (year and location)
Resided
Family Characteristics
Personality Traits
Accomplishments
78 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Data CentralCesar Chavez Quotes
“A word as to the education of the heart. We don’t
believe that this can be imparted through books; it can
only be imparted through the loving touch of the
teacher.”
“Real education should consist of drawing the goodness and the best out
of our students. What better books can there be than the book of humanity?”
“Preservation of one’s own culture does not require contempt or disrespect
for other cultures.”
“Students must have initiative; they should not be mere imitators. They must
learn to think and act for themselves-and be free.”
“Non-violence is not inaction. It is not discussion. It is not for the timid or
weak... Non-violence is hard work. It is the willingness to sacrifice. It is the
patience to win.”
“Violence just hurts those who are already hurt... Instead of exposing the
brutality of the oppressor, it justifies it.”
“When workers fall back on violence, they are lost. Oh, they might win some
of their demands and might end a little earlier, but they give up their
imagination, their creativity, their will to work hard and to suffer for that
they believe is right.”
“You are never strong enough that you don’t need help.”
Breaking Through
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 79
Word Play
How many words can you make from the words...
MIGRANT WORKERS
IMMIGRATION
80 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.
Word Meaning Different Form
analyze to separate the whole into parts for study analysis
apply to put to use application
assess to make a judgement about assessment
categorize to classify by placing in specifically defined divisions category
cite to quote as an authority citation
clarify to make clear and understandable clarification
compare to describe similar comparison
conclude to bring to an end conclusion
construct to form by assembly or combine parts construction
contrast to show differences contrasting
create to make or bring into existence creation
describe to give account of in words description
design to think and plan out in the mind designed
develop to make or become clear development
differentiate to make or become different differentiation
distinguish to find and explain the differences distinguished
elaborate to express at greater length elaboration
evaluate to test or estimate evaluation
examine to inspect examination
explain to make understandable explanation
generalize to speak or write in a nonspecific manner generalization
illustrate to clarify by use of examples illustration
imply to express or indicate indirectly implication
infer to conclude from evidence inference
interpret to explain or clarify meaning interpretation
justify to demonstrate to be right, or valid justification
paraphrase to give the meaning in different words paraphrased
predict to make known in advance prediction
solve to answer a problem solution
summarize to review essential points summarization
verify to determine or test the truth verification
visualize to form a mental image or vision visualization
Thinking Skills Vocabulary
© Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 81
Accuracy
Adjusting
Administration
Algae
Alphabetical
Aluminum
Analyzing
Announcements
Antlers
Anxious
Argue
Aspirins
Auditorium
Bandaged
Barracks
Bedpan
Bickering
Binders
Bleachers
Blurted
Brochures
Calculated
Cannery
Caressed
Cast
Ceramic
Ceremony
Certificates
Chamois
Chuckling
Clenched
Comments
Commercial
Compliment
Concentrate
Concrete
Confidently
Consumed
Contractor
Corridor
Creaked
Cruising
Curandera
Dangling
Darted
Dashboard
Decal
Deported
Depression
Detergent
Difficulties
Disappointed
Disheveled
Distract
Doted
Emotionally
Emphasized
Enthusiasm
Eventually
Exaggerating
Examined
Exhausted
Explorations
Fascinated
Feather-dusted
Fidgety
Floated
Gangly
Garages
Grammatical
Gratitude
Gripping
Gulped
Haggard
Hernia
Hesitated
Hexed
Humorous
Hysterically
Illegally
Imagination
Imitating
Immigration
Incense
Interior
Interrupt
Khaki
Labor
Lapels
Lectern
Lettuce
License
Linoleum
Lip-synch
Listless
Breaking Through Vocabulary
Breaking Through Vocabulary Continued
Machete
Mange
Mannerly
Melancholy
Memorable
Memorize
Mentioned
Miniature
Mistreated
Moaned
Mosquito
Murky
Mushy
Muttered
Navel
Old clunker
Opponent
Palm
Pants
Partially
Pelted
Penguins
Peppered
Petition
Petrified
Plumed
Podium
Pouted
Pricking
Pronouncing
Proposed
Protested
Puckered
Quivered
Raspy
Receding
Reclining
Rectangular
Rendering
Representatives
Reputation
Reservoir
Rival
Rotting
Ruptured
Scanned
Scarce
Scolded
Screeching
Scrunched
Segregation
Separate
Shed
Shirtsleeve
Shredding
Shrugging
Signatures
Skirmish
Skits
Sluggish
Smirk
Snickering
Sophomore
Sparse
Splinters
Sputtered
Squeegee
Squirmed
Squirted
Straightening
Strumming
Stuttered
Substitute
Suffocating
Summarized
Swirled
Tadpoles
Tents
Thinning
Treasure
Tuberculosis
Underneath
Underweight
Upholstery
Varicose veins
Visas
Vise
Wearily
Weird
Whistled
Winced
Wire-rimmed
Wiry
Wreaths
Yanked
82 © Copyright 2013. The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.