What have we learned about Jackson so far?

What battles has he been in?

What American currency has his face on it?

The Age of Jackson

The Expansion of Democracy

• Industrialization of North• Large plantations taking over South• Rich getting richer (a large gap in wealth)

• Many people thought the rich were running the government

• People felt that Jackson could change the way the government was run and have it do more for the people

Who supported Jackson?

1. Small farmers2. Frontier settlers3. Slave-holders

Why? – Because they wanted REFORM

Politics During This Time:

• Political parties began holding NOMINATING CONVENTIONS (party members chose the party’s CANDIDATE instead of just the party leaders)

Jackson and Politics

• People rallied behind Jackson and supporters founded the DEMOCRATIC PARTY

• The expansion of democracy during this period is called Jacksonian Democracy-this was because more people had the right to vote

The Election of 1828JACKSON JOHN QUNICY

ADAMSRunning Mate: John C. Calhoun (VP)War HeroBorn poorRepresented the people

Seen as coldHis supporters said Jackson had a temper and was not suited to be president

Winner: Jackson!

• Jackson rewarded some supporters with government jobs (SPOILS SYSTEM)

• Made his friend, MARTIN VAN BUREN, Secretary of State

The Kitchen Cabinet

• His supporters made up the KITCHEN CABINET• This was a group of advisors who informally

met in the White House kitchen to give Jackson advice

JACKSON’S ADMINISTRATION

What does sectionalism mean? Where have we heard this word before?

RAISE YOUR HAND IF YOU KNOW!

REGIONAL VIEWS• The North, South and West all had differing

views and ways of life• This was shown when a tariff was instituted by

Adams• Adams’ tariff was called the TARIFF OF

ABOMINATIONS• This hurt his image and he was not re-elected

because of itHANDOUT

Three Regions EmergeNorth South West

Economy

Tariff View

The Era of JacksonRECAP: • What does the word

sectionalism mean?• What is a tariff? • Which president

instituted this tariff?• What did southerners

call this tariff?

Stop and Think:Jackson is now the new president. He is forced to deal with this tariff that Adams created.What do you think he will do?What would you do?

THE NULLIFICATION CRISIS

• Right after Jackson took office he had to deal with Adam’s tariff

• People began to speak out against this tariff

What does Nullficiation (or null) mean?

Without value, effect, consequence or significance

John C. Calhoun

• Supported Southerners

• Why? He was from the South (South Carolina

• Was Vice President at the time

Calhoun Gets Angry!

• Wrote the “Southern Carolina Exposition and Protest” – this states that Congress should NOT favor one state

The Result of Calhoun’s Writings:

• They advanced the states’ rights doctrine (the belief that since states formed the national government they should have more power than it)

Northerners were against Calhoun’s views. Due to this, a conflict between the supporters and the opponents of nullification deepened. This dispute became known as the NULLIFICATION CRISIS!

Calhoun is outta here!

• Calhoun resigns as VP• Martin Van Buren takes over

The Hayne-Webster DebateBetween Robert Hayne (South) and Daniel Webster (North).

Hayne: thought that the sates should be able to protest federal legislationWebster: felt that the U.S. was one nation and should act that way- united

Jackson Responds

• Jackson asks Congress to pass another tariff to lower the previous rate.

• South Carolina still unhappy with the change

South Carolina’s Response

• It passes the NULLIFICATION ACT which declared that TARIFFS were not valid

• It also threatened to withdraw from the union!

Jackson Gets Angry• Jackson responds to South Carolina• Gets Congress to pass the FORCE BILL • This approved the use of the ARMY

Henry Clay Saves The Day

Proposes a compromise: 1. Congress would decrease the tariff2. South Carolina’s leaders would enforce the

tariff/law

This stopped a fight from starting!

WRITE DOWN TWO QUESTIONS THAT COULD BE ON THE

TEST!