What changes took place in What changes took place in European society during the European society during the mid and late Middle Ages?mid and late Middle Ages?

Nobles began losing power to Nobles began losing power to growing Kingdoms p.21growing Kingdoms p.21

What was one of the first What was one of the first documents to help protect the documents to help protect the

rights of free individuals?rights of free individuals?

Magna Carta 1215 p.22Magna Carta 1215 p.22

What was a common European What was a common European name for the lands of Asia?name for the lands of Asia?

IndiesIndies

What happened as a result of What happened as a result of Columbus’s discovery of lands Columbus’s discovery of lands

he believed to be Asia?he believed to be Asia?Spain persuade the Pope to create the Spain persuade the Pope to create the

Line of DemarcationLine of Demarcation

What were merchants who What were merchants who invested in joint stock invested in joint stock

companies able to accomplish?companies able to accomplish?

Merchants raised money while reducing Merchants raised money while reducing the risk to individual investors p.33the risk to individual investors p.33

What were trade networks in What were trade networks in Africa built around?Africa built around?

Gold, ivory, salt and slavesGold, ivory, salt and slaves

What was a consequence of What was a consequence of Portuguese exploration of Portuguese exploration of

Africa?Africa?

More warfare among west African More warfare among west African KingdomsKingdoms

What motivated the Dutch to What motivated the Dutch to come to America?come to America?

TradeTrade

Why did the French want to prevent Why did the French want to prevent English settlement in the Ohio English settlement in the Ohio

River valley and the area around River valley and the area around the Great Lakes?the Great Lakes?

Protect their fur tradeProtect their fur trade

When did Parliament pass the When did Parliament pass the Tea Act?Tea Act?

After the British East India trading After the British East India trading company proposed selling tea directly to company proposed selling tea directly to the coloniststhe colonists

What was the first law of What was the first law of Parliament that directly taxed the Parliament that directly taxed the colonists, not just trade goods?colonists, not just trade goods?

The Stamp ActThe Stamp Act

What act was passed by What act was passed by Parliament after the repeal of Parliament after the repeal of

the Stamp Act?the Stamp Act?

Townshend ActsTownshend Acts

Why did more settlers begin Why did more settlers begin crossing the Appalachian crossing the Appalachian Mountains in the 1760s?Mountains in the 1760s?

British victory during the French and British victory during the French and Indian War reduced their concern for Indian War reduced their concern for American India raidsAmerican India raids

Where did the Boston Massacre Where did the Boston Massacre gain its name and reputation?gain its name and reputation?

Propaganda used by Samuel Adams and Propaganda used by Samuel Adams and other Boston protesters other Boston protesters

Whose ideas were the slogan Whose ideas were the slogan “No Taxation without “No Taxation without

Representation” based on?Representation” based on?

Samuel Adams and James OtisSamuel Adams and James Otis

Why was the Albany Plan of Why was the Albany Plan of Union written?Union written?

To unite the colonies in the same way as To unite the colonies in the same way as the Iroquois Leaguethe Iroquois League

How did colonists respond to How did colonists respond to the Townshend Acts?the Townshend Acts?

Another large scale boycott of British Another large scale boycott of British goodsgoods

Who created the Committees of Who created the Committees of Correspondence?Correspondence?

Samuel Adams and others to share ideas Samuel Adams and others to share ideas regarding the British tax lawsregarding the British tax laws

What was created as a result of What was created as a result of the Stamp Act?the Stamp Act?

The Sons of LibertyThe Sons of Liberty

Who was one of the first Who was one of the first colonists to protest unfair colonists to protest unfair

taxation?taxation?

James OtisJames Otis

What was the turning point of What was the turning point of the French and Indian War?the French and Indian War?

When General James Wolfe captured When General James Wolfe captured Quebec Quebec

What was the first battle of the What was the first battle of the French and Indian War?French and Indian War?

When the French defeated Washington When the French defeated Washington and captured Fort Necessity and captured Fort Necessity

What were the Colonial wars What were the Colonial wars of the late 1600s and 1700s a of the late 1600s and 1700s a

result of?result of?

France and England's desire to dominate France and England's desire to dominate North America and EuropeNorth America and Europe

Although the original draft of the Although the original draft of the Dec. of Indep. included a passage Dec. of Indep. included a passage condemning the slave trade, why condemning the slave trade, why

was it removed?was it removed?

Because Southern delegates objected to itBecause Southern delegates objected to it

Who was the primary author of Who was the primary author of the Dec. of Indep.?the Dec. of Indep.?

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

When did the colonists’ rebellion When did the colonists’ rebellion against Britain become a full-against Britain become a full-

scale revolution?scale revolution?

When the Continental Congress approved When the Continental Congress approved the Dec. of Indep.the Dec. of Indep.

What established the national What established the national borders of the United States?borders of the United States?

The Treaty of Paris of 1783The Treaty of Paris of 1783

What best describes the What best describes the Revolutionary War during the Revolutionary War during the

winter of 1777-78?winter of 1777-78?

More than one-fifth of Washingtons troops More than one-fifth of Washingtons troops died of disease and malnutrition at Valley died of disease and malnutrition at Valley ForgeForge

What did supporters of the What did supporters of the Constitution call themselves?Constitution call themselves?

FederalistsFederalists

What did Enlightenment What did Enlightenment philosopher John Locke philosopher John Locke

believe?believe?

The rule of law is more important than the The rule of law is more important than the authority of any individualauthority of any individual

How did the Three-Fifths How did the Three-Fifths Compromise solve the problem Compromise solve the problem

of how slaves would be of how slaves would be counted?counted?

As a part of each state’s population when As a part of each state’s population when allotting representatives to the lower allotting representatives to the lower househouse

What best describes the Articles What best describes the Articles of Confederation?of Confederation?

Created a central government with limited Created a central government with limited powers and no presidentpowers and no president

What were the Federalist What were the Federalist Papers?Papers?

A series of essays that defended the A series of essays that defended the Constitution Constitution

What did the Anti-federalists What did the Anti-federalists such as Patrick Henry fear?such as Patrick Henry fear?

Insufficient checks and balances on the Insufficient checks and balances on the federal govt. existedfederal govt. existed

What had to happen in order for What had to happen in order for the Constitution to go into the Constitution to go into

effect?effect?

Nine of the states had to ratify itNine of the states had to ratify it

What is a government in which What is a government in which representatives are elected by representatives are elected by

the people?the people?

republicrepublic

American models for American models for representative government?representative government?

New England town meetings and the New England town meetings and the Virginia House of BurgessesVirginia House of Burgesses

What system prevents any What system prevents any branch of government from branch of government from

becoming too powerful?becoming too powerful?

Checks and balancesChecks and balances

Where can the words of John Where can the words of John Locke best be expressed?Locke best be expressed?

Influenced those who wanted to create a Influenced those who wanted to create a new government in Americanew government in America

What was the purpose of the What was the purpose of the 1787 Constitutional 1787 Constitutional

Convention?Convention?

Discuss revising the Articles of Discuss revising the Articles of ConfederationConfederation

What are the Writs of What are the Writs of Assistance?Assistance?

Allowed law officials to search a colonists Allowed law officials to search a colonists property for illegal goodsproperty for illegal goods

Who were the only presidents Who were the only presidents ever to have been impeached?ever to have been impeached?

Andrew Johnson and Bill ClintonAndrew Johnson and Bill Clinton

What rights are retained by What rights are retained by state governments or by state governments or by

individuals?individuals?

Reserved rightsReserved rights

Who makes up the presidents Who makes up the presidents cabinet?cabinet?

Heads of 14 executive departmentsHeads of 14 executive departments

Which branch is responsible for Which branch is responsible for enforcing the laws approved by enforcing the laws approved by

Congress?Congress?

Executive BranchExecutive Branch

What are some of the duties of What are some of the duties of American citizens?American citizens?

Obeying laws, paying taxes, protecting the Obeying laws, paying taxes, protecting the nation, and serving on juriesnation, and serving on juries

What is a provision of the What is a provision of the Twenty-second amendment, Twenty-second amendment,

ratified in 1951ratified in 1951

Prevents any president from being elected Prevents any president from being elected more than 2 timesmore than 2 times

How did the idea for the How did the idea for the president’s cabinet originate?president’s cabinet originate?

When Washington began meeting with When Washington began meeting with executive department heads as a groupexecutive department heads as a group

What did Washington do when What did Washington do when political parties began to form political parties began to form

during his presidency?during his presidency?

Worried that parties posed a threat to Worried that parties posed a threat to national unitynational unity

Which leader supported strict Which leader supported strict construction, meaning that the construction, meaning that the

federal govt. should do only what federal govt. should do only what the Const. specifically says it can the Const. specifically says it can

do?do?

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

Why was the election of 1800 Why was the election of 1800 most important?most important?

It weakened the federalist party and It weakened the federalist party and strengthened the Republicansstrengthened the Republicans

Which of the following is true of Which of the following is true of the Bank of the United States?the Bank of the United States?

Chartered by Congress in 1791Chartered by Congress in 1791

What event brought on the What event brought on the rallying cry “Millions for defense, rallying cry “Millions for defense,

but not one cent for tribute!”?but not one cent for tribute!”?

XYZ affairXYZ affair

Who supported the loose Who supported the loose construction, meaning that the construction, meaning that the federal government can take federal government can take

actions that the Const. does not actions that the Const. does not specifically forbid?specifically forbid?

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

Why did Congress organize the Why did Congress organize the government’s judicial branch in government’s judicial branch in

1789?1789?

b/c the Constitutions requirements for the b/c the Constitutions requirements for the judicial branch were not specificjudicial branch were not specific

Why was Hamilton’s plan for Why was Hamilton’s plan for debt assumption controversial?debt assumption controversial?

b/c he wanted the Federal govt. to pay for b/c he wanted the Federal govt. to pay for much of the states war expensesmuch of the states war expenses

Who or what did Washington Who or what did Washington believe threatened national believe threatened national

unity the most?unity the most?

Regional and political differencesRegional and political differences

What did Washington advise the What did Washington advise the U.S. to do when Fr. And GB U.S. to do when Fr. And GB

went to war?went to war?

Remain neutralRemain neutral

What was one of the most What was one of the most significant developments of the significant developments of the

Renaissance?Renaissance?

The printing pressThe printing press

What attracted the Dutch and What attracted the Dutch and the Swedish to North America?the Swedish to North America?

tradetrade

Who led former indentured Who led former indentured servants to attack and burn servants to attack and burn

Jamestown? Jamestown?

Nathaniel BaconNathaniel Bacon

What crop in the S. Carolina What crop in the S. Carolina colony thrived after African colony thrived after African

laborers taught the colonists laborers taught the colonists how to raise it?how to raise it?

ricerice

Which colonists agreed to work Which colonists agreed to work from 4 to 7 years in echange for from 4 to 7 years in echange for

ship fare to America?ship fare to America?

Indentured servantsIndentured servants

Why did Parliament pass a Why did Parliament pass a series of Navigation Acts series of Navigation Acts between 1650 and 1696?between 1650 and 1696?

Required colonies to do the bulk of their Required colonies to do the bulk of their trading with Englandtrading with England

What was the Glorious What was the Glorious Revolution?Revolution?

The overthrow of James II by William of The overthrow of James II by William of Orange and Mary, James’ daughterOrange and Mary, James’ daughter

What region is best described What region is best described as a harsh climate with rocky as a harsh climate with rocky

soil?soil?

New England coloniesNew England colonies

When was the first proposed When was the first proposed attempt to unite the colonies in attempt to unite the colonies in

time of crisis?time of crisis?

The Albany Plan of UnionThe Albany Plan of Union

What action did British officials What action did British officials take to enforce the Townshend take to enforce the Townshend

Acts in 1767?Acts in 1767?

Used writs of assistance to search for Used writs of assistance to search for smuggled goodssmuggled goods

When did colonists first begin When did colonists first begin using the slogan “No taxation using the slogan “No taxation

without Representation”?without Representation”?

After Parliament passed the Sugar ActAfter Parliament passed the Sugar Act

What actions best describe What actions best describe what colonists called the Boston what colonists called the Boston

Massacre?Massacre?

When a lone British soldier was attacked When a lone British soldier was attacked by an angry mobby an angry mob

What was the significance of the What was the significance of the Battle of Saratoga?Battle of Saratoga?

Boosted morale and led to foreign support Boosted morale and led to foreign support for the Patriotsfor the Patriots

What was a requirement to become What was a requirement to become a state for settlers in a portion of a state for settlers in a portion of the Northwest Territory under the the Northwest Territory under the

Northwest Ordinance?Northwest Ordinance?

60,000 citizens, state constitution, then 60,000 citizens, state constitution, then ask Congress for permission to enter as a ask Congress for permission to enter as a statestate

What did James Madison What did James Madison encourage the legislators to do encourage the legislators to do during Congress’s first session during Congress’s first session

after the ratification of the after the ratification of the Constitution?Constitution?

To put together a Bill of Rights to be To put together a Bill of Rights to be added as amendmentsadded as amendments

Why did the French establish Why did the French establish colonies in the northern part of colonies in the northern part of N. America in the early 1600s?N. America in the early 1600s?

Establish trade with IndiansEstablish trade with Indians

Which country began the Which country began the European trade in African European trade in African

slaves?slaves?

PortugalPortugal

What was a result of the Treaty What was a result of the Treaty of Tordesillas?of Tordesillas?

Gave Portugal more opportunity to claim Gave Portugal more opportunity to claim lands unexplored by other Europeanslands unexplored by other Europeans

Where did the Renaissance Where did the Renaissance begin in the mid-1300s?begin in the mid-1300s?

ItalyItaly

What rediscovery contributed to What rediscovery contributed to the Renaissance? the Renaissance?

A rebirth of the arts and learning of A rebirth of the arts and learning of Ancient Greece and RomeAncient Greece and Rome

What was a result of the What was a result of the invention of the printing press?invention of the printing press?

Increased literacy and the use of the Increased literacy and the use of the vernacularvernacular

What was England’s motive for What was England’s motive for founding the Roanoke colony?founding the Roanoke colony?