Post on 29-Jan-2016
What are our organs made up of? How do
you know?
computation (kam pyu ‘ta shen) (noun) - the act or process of computing or calculating something;
calculationThe solution to the problem required a series of careful
computations whereby if one followed the order of operations one arrived at the answer easily.
CELLS!
What are cells?Robert Hooke in 1665 first called the tiny
chambers he saw in a microscope cells. All living things are made out of cells! Cells contain living matter.
CELLS MAKE UP EVERY LIVING THING!Plants are made of CELLS!Animals are made of CELLS!Bacteria are CELLS!
Can we see them?Most cells are very small so we can’t see them
without a microscopeBUT a chicken egg is just one large cell..
Let’s talk about scale…
The Cell TheoryWhat do cells have to do with life?
1. All living things are composed of cells
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
3. New cells are produced from existing cells
All living things
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
Plants
Animals
Fungi
Protists (unicellular eukaryotes)
Why are cells named that way?From Greek words…
EU means TRUE PRO means BEFORE KARYON means NUCLEUS
Eukaryote = TRUE NUCLEUSProkaryote = BEFORE NUCLEUS
All cells have DNA, in eukaryotes it is stored in the nucleus
Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus, and it floats around in the cytoplasm the nucleoid region
Only eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles
Prokaryotic cells (prokaryotes)Prokaryotic cells (prokaryotes)
• Do not have a nucleus--their DNA is spread through the cell
• Do not have membrane-bound organelles
•Known as BACTERIA!!!
•Are always UNICELLULAR
•Only made up of one cell!
What type of bacteria are in yogurt?
streptococcus thermophilus
What type of bacteria give me strep throat?
Streptococcus- many different types
What type of bacteria are in my intestines?
Candida albicans
Eukaryotic Cells (eukaryotes)Larger and more complex than prokaryotes
They have a NUCLEUS that separates the cell’s genetic material from the rest of the cell
They also have membrane-bound organelles (like Golgi apparatus, ER, lysosomes, etc.)
Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi, protists (unicellular eukaryotes)
Test Yourself!
Statement Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
1. Have a nucleus
2. Have membrane-bound organelles
3. Contain genetic material (DNA)
4. Can be single or multi-celled
5. Can only be single-celled.
6. Have a plasma membrane and cytoplasm
Types of Eukaryotes:Animal vs. Plant Cells
No cell walls (only cell/plasma membrane)
No chloroplasts
Many small vacuoles for storage
Cell wall (gives rectangular shape) and cell/plasma membrane
Chloroplasts for photosynthesis
One large central vacuole
Animal cells Plant cells