Post on 02-May-2018
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WELCOME TO
You are
here now
MAMAN TURJAMAN, LINCAH ANDADARI, YETTI HARYATI, ASMALIYAH,
LIS NURRANI, A. D. SUNANDAR, BENY RAHMANTO, E.SANTOSO,
P. B. SANTOSA, NOOR KHOMSAH K., ASEP HIDAYAT, A. SUKITO, A.
SUDONO, RIZKI MAHARANI, A. FERNANDES, L. AGUSTINI,S.A. FAULINA,
SAHWALITA, R.S.B. IRIANTO, NINA MINDAWATI
RRPI 6 (Plans of R&D INTEGRATIVE-6)
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China India
Egypt
(Naeem et al., 2012)
BACK GROUND
VARIOUS
DISEASES OF
HUMAN
Medicinal
Plants & Herbal
from Forests
5000 BC
2500 BC
800 BC
160 of herbal products “made in china” contain agarwood
DRAGON BLOODS
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Medicinal plant & herbal products
Policy and Strategy Implementation of research on those areas mandated in National Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPN 2005-2025), as follows:
1. Food and Agriculture
2. Energy, Renewable Energy
3. Health and Medicine
4. Transportation
5. Telecomunication, information & communication (TIC)
6. Agriculture technology
7. Advance Materials
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How many Institutes do study on medicinal
plants and herbals in Indonesia ?
Ministry of
Health
Ministry of
Agriculture
Ministry of
Environment
& Forestry
National/
Private
Universities
Private
Companies
FORDA
FRI BGR
FRI ANU
FRI PLB
FRI SMB
FRI SMD
FRI MTR
FRI MND
FRI KUP
UI
ITB
IPB
UNPAD
UGM
UNDIP
UB
UNAIR
ATMAJAYA
TRISAKTI
TG PURA
USU, ETC.
Institutes R&D
for Agriculture
R&D-Balitro
Research Stations
Institutes R&D
for Health
Research Centres
BPOM etc
Kalbe Farma
Biofarma
Jamu co.
Etc.
UPSTREAM RESEARCH DOWNSTREAM RESEARCH
To support the use of medicinal
plants and herbals in a sustainable
manner, it is necessary to research
and development of alternative
species of medicinal plants and
herbals in tropical forests of
Indonesia
Plans of R&D Integrative 6 (RPPI 6)
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STATE OF THE ART 1913-1922 K. Heyne: “De Nuttige Planten van Naderlansch-Indie- 4 volumes
(The Curative and preventive uses of plant material of Indonesia
1953 Van Steenis-Kruseman:Select Indonesian Medicinal Plants based
on historical literature
1999 PROSEA – Medicinal and Poisonous Plants Plant Resources of Southeast Asia
THEY WERE FOCUS ON NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS :
PLANS OF R&D INTEGRATIVE - NTFPs (2010 – 2014)
157 study of ethnobotany
STATE OF THE ART
1. Masohi (Cryptocaria massoia) 2. Tengkawang (Shorea stenoptera) 3. Rotan jernang (Daemonorops draco) 4. Ganitri (Elaeocarpus ganitrus) 5. Bidara laut (Strychnos ligustrina) 6. Mimba (Azadirachta indica)(note: study of silviculture intensive) 7. Kulilawang (Cinamommum cullilawan) 8. Kilemo (Litsea cubeba) 9. Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia)
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Preliminary: commodity handling of medicinal plants and herbals in the aspect of
exploration, distribution and potential, identification and utilization prospects
for the genetic conservation aspects are endangered;
Intermediate: commodity handling medicinal plants and herbals focused on breeding,
cultivation of post-harvest handling and processing; and
Advance: commodity handling of medicinal plants and herbals which are focused on
improving the quality, diversification and competitiveness, sustainable
management of.
PLANS of R&D INTEGRATIVE 6 (RPPI 6)
Steps of Medicinal Plant & Herbal
Bio-resources
Basic
Research
Biomedicine/
Pharmacy
Development
products
Production
Marketing
Distribution
1
2
3
4
5
6
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RPPI 6-Direction-- R&D on Medicinal plants & Herbals
9600 species-pharmacological activity
(Ministry of Health, 2015)
MoEF Ministry of Health
Tropical
Forest
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Taxus
sumatrana
Gemor
Gaharu
Pakoba
Gaharu
Faloak
Effercent
Gaharu et al Jernang
Gaharu
Mix-TO
Kilemo
Gaharu
Kayu putih Gaharu
Pranajiwa
Bidara laut
Akar
Kuning
Research planning on medicinal, RPPI 6
?
Focus research our Lab. 1. Products with high
economic values, i.e:
Foods, Medicinal, etc
2. Product with high
effect to environment i.e:
biofertilizer, agent
decomposer, bioenergy
bioplastic, etc.
The first of tropical forest
microorganisms collection in
the world, i.e: research and
teaching station, and center of
distribution microbial for other
purposes, etc
3.Bio-Prospect 3.1 Bioenergy
3.2 Biodegradation
3.3 Bioremediation
3.4 Biohealthy
3.5 Bioindustry
3.6 Biofertilizer
3.7 Bioinduction
4. Applied
5. Bio-Informatics
6. Preservasion
1. Microbial collection
2. Genomic analysis
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1. Development of agarwood induction
technology using microorganisms
2. Isolation and development of bioactive
compound from APT and microbial from APT
3. Isolation bioactive compound and
biotechnology production of useful compound
from Taxus sumatrana by :
a. extraction,
b. biotransformation culture cell and,
c. microbial conversation
1. Development agar wood induction technology
Agarwood Gaharu, Chenxiang, aloeswood,
agalloch, eaglewood, jinkoh, atau Kanankoh
APT Agarwood Products
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G. versteegii
A. cumingiana
A. malaccensis
A. microcarpa
A. beccariana
A. hirta
A. malaccensis
A. microcarpa
A. beccariana
A. hirta
G. versteegii
G. decipiens
A. cumingiana
A. filaria
A. cumingiana
A. filaria
A. tomentosa
G. versteegii
G. landermanii
G. salicifolia
G. audate
G. podocarpus
• The demand of agarwood
increasing year by year, high
economic important, for digestive,
sedative and antiemetic drug,
and also as incense and
perfume.
• Wild agarwood has been serious
depletion by illegal harvesting
and also the rapid loss
It will never meet the agarwood
demand, if those are still depend
on the product from natural
habitat
Agarwood-producing tree
(APT) have been listed in
Appendix II of the
Conservation on CITES since
2005
One way to make meet between
demand and production is the
sustainable mass planting of APT
and bioinduction to obtained
agarwood formation should.
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Samples Coll
80 Isolates
21 tested
4 Best
Jambi Padang
Gorontalo Kalbar
1x3 cm2 5x20 cm2
A. malaccensis
Agarwood formation after bio-induction
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2. Isolation and development Bioactive bioactive
compound from APT and microbial from APT
1. Consisting of 2 mains group compound,
sesquiterpenes and chromones (IUPAC:
chromen-4-one),
2. Fatty acids and phenols also present in
agarwood but in the small amounts (Naef, 2010),
3. Sesquiterpenes and chromones have a
fragrance by burning process. The quality of
agarwood depend on the composition of them (Yagura et al, 2003).
Agarwood :
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Chromones
Medicinal Potential from agarwood
Baimuxinic acid
Spriovetivane
Agarospirol Jinkoh-emerol
1. Sedative/anesthetic)
α-Gurjunene
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3. Anti allergy
2. Cough
Derivate from 2-phenylethyl chromone
Benzylacetone
4. Anti-Microbial
Agarwood oil
1. Staphylococcus aureus (Bacteria)
2. Candida albicans (Fungi)
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5. Anti-Tumor
Showed cytotoxicity against human gastric
cancer cell line (SGC-7901), IC50 : 14,6
μg/ML (Liu et al, 2008)
2-(2-Phenylethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
derivative
Mangiferin, anti-diabetic, anti-HIV,
anti-cancer, dan anti-inflammatory (Yoshimi et al., 2001)
Iriflophenone 2-O-α-L-
rhamnopyranoside, anti allergy (Kou et al.,
2008)
Genkwanin 5-O-β-primeveroside,
Exert laxative effect (Yu et al, 2011 ; Hara
et al, 2008)
Healthy leaf and wood
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Balanophonin, Showed cytotoxicity
against human gastric cancer cell
line, IC50 : 34 ug/mL (Wang et al, 2010)
(+)-Lariciresinol, Showed
cytotoxicity against human gastric
cancer, IC50 : 80 μg/mL and heart
cancer, IC50 : 75 μg/mL (Wang et al,
2010)
Endophytic fungi from APT
Samples Coll
40 Isolates
18 tested
3 antioxidant 7 antimicrobial
PIC1S3(B) P2CD3B PIB1C IC50 = 125 μg/mL IC50 = 137 μg/mL IC50 = 123 μg/mL
Antimicrobial against Fusarium solani (Introf CC
00509), Growth inhibition > 70%
Antioxidant
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3. Isolation bioactive compound and biotechnology
production of useful compound from Taxus
sumatrana INDONESIA Few countries in ASIA that has
natural distribution of genus Taxus
Sumatran Yews (Taxus sumatrana)
grown naturally at 1400 – 2300 m asl
Taxus sumatrana
Taxol for Chemotherapeutic
Cancer Treatment
DISTRIBUTION OF TAXUS SUMATRANA
(Source :The World Botanical Associates)
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Non Timber Forest
Products (NTFPs)
A big-potential
business source from
Tropical Forests
Genus TAXUS
Bark, leaves, stem, branch and root : source of TAXOL®
1969 Taxol isolated for the first time from T. brevifolia
1971 Chemical structure first published
1983 Clinical research started
1992 Approval by FDA to be applied in
chemotherapeutic cancer treatment
Bristol Myers Squibb, USA
World demand
400 kg/year America and Europe
1.000 Kg/year world demand
Always increasing 20% per-year (Smith & Cameron 2001)
1 Kg Taxol 30.000 Kg raw materials
400 Kg Taxol 12 mill Kg raw materials
1.000 Kg Taxol 30 mill Kg raw materials
Price at end-user?
US$ 5.000/ g US$ 5.000.000/kg
Included into Appendix II CITES Ann. #10
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Molecular structure from left of 10 deacetylbaccatin III (A), baccatin III (B) and paclitaxel
Paclitaxel (Taxol) contains a tetracyclic 17-carbon (heptadecane) skeleton,
known as baccatin III, and has 11 stereocenters with an amide tail. They are
usually characterized by a ketone group at C-11 and a complex side chain
(phnylalanine) at the C-15 position rather than at the C-7 position that is
often seen in other classes of taxanes
> >
Production of bioactive compound
1. By extraction parts of trees
Bark, wood, leaves, root, etc
Extraction could be done by ordinary solvent extraction (OSE),
supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), or accelerated solvent extraction
(ASE).
Leaf
Bark
Taxus species Materials Active Compunds References
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2. Cell culture of plants
Son et al, 2000
Production of paclitaxel by using bioreactor: adapted by
Phyton Biotech (Jerman), ESC Agenetic (CA, USA),
Samyang Genex (Taejon, Korea)
Su
mb
er:
Gu
o e
t a
l., 2
00
6;
Cha
kra
va
rth
i e
t a
l., 2
00
8
3. Endophytic microbial fermentation /
Microbial convertion
T. bevifolia Taxomyces andeanae produced Taxol® (24–25 ng/L). More than 20
genera of endophytic fungi have been evaluated to produce Taxol®.
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http://play.tojsiab.com/QnNMTFp4WExTZkEz
http://play.tojsiab.com/LU8wbHNKeXdGRmcz
Mechanisms of Taxol against cancer cell
1. Faizal A., Esyanti R.R., Aulianisa E.N., Irawati, Santoso
E., Turjaman M. 2016. Formation of agarwood from
Aquilaria malaccensis in response to inoculation of local
strains of Fusarium solani. Tree-Structure and
Function. Springer. In Press.
2. Karlina L., Uar N.I., Kusumo H.T., Santoso E., Turjaman
M., Nandika D. 2015. Propagation of sonic and
ultrasonic waves in agarwood trees (Aquilaria
microcarpa) inoculated with Fusarium spp. Journal of
Tropical Forest Science (JTFS) 27 (3): 351-356
3. Karlina L., Putri N., Turjaman M., Wahyudi I., Nandika D.
2016. Moisture content effect on sound wave velocity
and accoustic tomograms in agarwood tree (Aquilaria
malaccensis Lamk.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture
and Forestry 40:1-9. DOI:10.3906/tar-1511-74.
4. Karlina L., Putri N., Turjaman M., Wahyudi I., Nandika D.
2016. Evaluation on incensed resinous wood formation of
agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk) by sonic
tomography. Nature & Natural Resources. In Press.
5. Lee S.Y., Turjaman M., Rozi M. 2016. Phylogenetic
relatedness of several agarwood- producing taxa
(Thymelaeaceae) from Indonesia. Biotropia. Under
reviewer
Publications (2015-2016) 6. Tawaraya K, M. Turjaman. 2016. Mycorrhizal in Peatland. In:
M. Osaki, N. Tsuji (Eds.), Tropical Peatland Ecosystems,
pp.237-244. DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-55681-7_15. Springer
7. Asep HIDAYAT, Sanro TACHIBANA. Effect of piperonyl
butoxide and silver nitrate on degradation pathways of n-
octadecane by Fusarium sp. F092 (Published in Indonesian
Journal of Forestry Research, Vol 1, No 3, 2016: pp 41-47).
8. Maman TURJAMAN, Asep HIDAYAT, Erdy SANTOSO.
Development of agarwood induction technology using
endophytic fungi. In: Agarwood; Science behind of fragrance.
Rozi Mohammed (Eds.). Spinger, Singapore, 2016. pp. 51-71.
9. Dede Heri Yuli Yanto , Asep Hidayat, Sanro Tachibana.
Biostimulation and bioaugmentation management of a fungal
co-culture for maintaining enzymatic oxidation in extended
biodegradation of crude oils, 2016, Under Review.
10. Maman Turjaman, Asep Hidayat. Agarwood-planted tree
Inventory Inventory. The 3rd International Symposium LISAT,
2016.
11. Asep Hidayat, Chairil Anwar Siregar. 2016. Telaah mendalam
tentang bioremediasi: Teori dan aplikasinya di Indonesia.
Under Review.
12. Asep Hidayat, Maman Turjaman. 2016. Biological
Degradation of Crude Oil Contaminants and its Application in
Indonesia. In: Microbes for Restoration of Degraded
Ecosystems. D.J. Bagyaraj and Jamaluddin (Eds.). NIPA, New
Delhi, pp. 335-354.
13. Erdy Santoso. 2015. Valuasi teknologi budidaya gaharu.
Forda Press. Indonesia
14. Asep Hidayat, Sanro Tachibana, 2016. Identification of
Metabolite Phenanthrene degradation by Indigenous Fungus
Trametes sp. AS03 From Sumatera Mangrove Forest,
Indonesia. Under Review in Biodegradation, Spinger.
15. Dede Heri Yuli Yanto, Asep Hidayat, Sanro Tachibana, 2017.
Periodical biostimulation with nutrient addition and
bioaugmentationusing mixed fungal cultures to maintain
enzymatic oxidation during extended bioremediation of oily soil
microcosms. International biodeterioration & Biodegradation,
116, 112-123.
9 J. Inter., 3 books
chapter, 2 books, 1
Proceeding Inter.
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1. AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF
GEMOR (Nothaphoebe coriacea) ON CADMIUM INDUCED
GLUCOSE METABOLISM ALTERATION IN VITRO Eko Suhartono, Iskandar Thalib, Purwanto Budi Santosa
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences (IJPPS) 2015, Vol 7, Issue 11;17-20. http://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijpps/article/view/8158
2. Antioxidant and Anti-Lipid Peroxidation Activities of
Leaves and Seed Extracts of Gemor (Nothaphoebe coriacea) Purwanto Budi Santosa, Iskandar Thalib, Eko Suhartono, and Maman
Turjaman
International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical
Research 2016, Vol 8 (7);1149-1153 http://ijppr.com/volume8issue7/#
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Aromaterapi Gaharu 2016
Silviculturists/Biologists
Chemist/Biochemist/Pharmaciest/Micr
obiologist
Sosio-Economists/
marketing
HUMAN RESOURCES
Plans of R&D Integrative 6 (RPPI 6)
Available Not enough Available
Are they capable to do R&D, Innovation of products?
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HRD & Citation international Publications
Name Edu Field ∑ Pub. Int. Index Google
Scholar
Index Scopus
Citatio
n
H-
Index
Citatio
n
H-index
Erdy Santoso S3 MH1,2 6 - - 32 3
Maman Turjaman S3 MH1,2 10 319 9 107 6
Ragil SB Irianto S2 MH2 7 - - 66 5
Luciasih Agustini S2 MH3 5 57 6 26 4
Sarah A. Faulina S2 M3 1 - - - -
Asep Hidayat S3 M4,5,6 10 77 6 29 3
Note : -) belum membuat account Google Scholar; Kepakaran: mikrobiologi hutan (MH), mikrobiologi (M);
Fokus riset: biinduksi gaharu (1), biofertilizer (2), bioenergi (3), biohealth (4), biodegradasi (5) dan bio-plastik (6)
Acknowledgments :