Post on 17-Jan-2016
Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
IEE5011 –Autumn 2013Memory Systems
Solid State Drive with Flash Memory
Wei-Shen, HsuDepartment of Electronics Engineering
National Chiao Tung Universitywilson79114@Hotmail.com
NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Outline Introduction An Overview of SSD Drive
The Architecture of SSD The Benefit of SSD Drive
Flash Memory Storage Medium Flash Memory NAND Memory Operational Functions NAND Memory Management Operation
Integrated Lifetime Management Target SSD Architecture Results
Reference
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Introduction
Why SSD?
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
An Overview of SSD Drive (1/3)SSD
electrically, mechanically, and software compatible
DRAM-Based SSDsvolatile memoryFlash-Based SSDsnon-volatile memory
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
An Overview of SSD Drive (2/3)
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The Architecture of SSDArray of Flash MemoryMicro-ControllerMemory Bus DataI/O Interface
NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
An Overview of SSD Drive (3/3)
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The benefit of SSD driveWithout Moving Mechanical Components
PlattersRead/Write HeadSpindle Motor
Silent Operation
NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Flash Memory Storage Medium (1/5)
NOR FlashPros: random data accessibility, faster reading capabilityCons: writing and erasing data
NAND FlashPros: large storage capacity, storing and erasing dataCons: random data accessing
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Flash Memory Storage Medium (2/5)
NAND MemoryMemory arrayI/O buffer
PageMain storage areaSpare area
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Flash Memory Storage Medium (3/5)
NAND Memory Operational FunctionsRead : fetch the required dataWrite : 1 → 0Erase : 0 → 1
Three Phases: setup, busy, and data transfer
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Flash Memory Storage Medium (4/5)
Three Access Operations PhasesSetup Phase
determine a targeted page address
Busy Phaseloading the required data into the I/O buffer
Data Transfer Phasesequentially fetch data
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Flash Memory Storage Medium (5/5)
NAND Memory Management OperationOut-Place Updating
the newest updated data is written to some available free page
Garbage Collectionchange the dead pages into free pages
Wear-Levellingcontrol the block erasing operation to increase the block
lifetime
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Target SSD Architecture Lifetime-Enhancement Techniques
Lossless CompressionData DeduplicationPerformance Throttling
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Integrated Lifetime Management (1/4)Integration of Individual Lifetime-Enhancement
Schemesinterval-based approach
enable or disable each lifetime-enhancement scheme
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 14
Host System
Hash Table
update the FTL’s address mapping table
write to flash memory
Write Request
Lifetime Manager
Hash Key
Match?
Yes No
Integrated Lifetime Management (2/4) Deduplication
NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Lossless CompressionCompression Chunk
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Integrated Lifetime Management (3/4)
Compression Unit
Several Pages
Flash Memory
NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Performance ThrottlingDelay write operations
determines a throttling delayregulates the write speed of SSDs
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Integrated Lifetime Management (4/4)
NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Results Throttling and Integrated that employ performance throttling
can guarantee the 5-year SSD lifetime.
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Reference A. R. Rahiman and P. Sumari, "Solid State Disk: A New Storage Device for Video Storage Server, " in
ITSim 2008 of International Symposium on Information Technology, 2008. Sungjin Lee, Taejin Kim, Ji-Sung Park, and Jihong Kim, "An Integrated Approach for Managing the
Lifetime of Flash-Based SSDs," in Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), 2013.
W.G. Aref, I. Kamel, and S. Ghandeharizadeh, "Disk scheduling in video editing systems," IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 13, pp. 933-950, 2011.
D. Reinsel, J. Janukowicz, and R. Perry, "Replacing HDDs with SSDs: The Business Case for Transition," 2007.
F. Chen, T. Luo, and X. Zhang, "CAFTL: A Content-Aware Flash Translation Layer Enhancing the Lifespan of Flash Memory Based Solid State Drives," in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2011.
Y. Park and J.-S. Kim, "Compression Support for Flash Translation Layer," in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Software Support for Portable Storage, 2010.
1.-D. Kang, 1.-S. Kim, C. Park, H. Park, and 1. Lee, "A multi-channel architecture for high-performance NAND flash-based storage system," Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 53, pp. 644-658, 2007.
S. Lee, T. Kim, K. Kim, and J. Kim, "Lifetime Management of Flash-Based SSDs Using Recovery-Aware Dynamic Throttling," in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2012.
http://www.topology.com.tw/report/reportcontent.asp?id=445TFSVQESCS9K2GX86GCV8NA5
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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013
Thank you for your attention
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