Warm up:

What occurred in the 1920s concerning immigration. Include the National Origins Act (1924).

Music

Warm up:Who were Sacco and Vanzetti, and what were the

circumstances about their case?

Warm Up:

What was the Scopes trial and who was involved?

Warm up:

Who was in the 1928 presidential election, and what were the results?

AP Ch. 24B Cultural Ferment, Creativity,

and Conflict(788-801)

The student will understand the changing society in the 1920s as well as the cultural conflicts

AL COS #7 & #8 

Jazz Age: often improvised music and off-beat rhythms that because of radio and the African Americanmigration to cities help create truly American music that continues to influence other music

Jelly Roll Morton: His business card claimed he was "the inventor of jazz". He was one of the first important composers andrecording stars in jazz.

Jazz: brought north by southern African Americans

Considered amongst the world’s greatest composers and musicians.13 Grammys

I. Culture Ferment and Creativity 1. Jazz

W.C. HANDY: Blues composer and musician; born in Florence, Alabama (GRE)

2. Sexual Revolution----'courting" becomes less common; casual dating more common

3. Flapper-sophisticated young woman but in reality did not represent most women; however, it did signal a changing youth and epitomized the rebellioness of youth

Changing morality: showed itself in things such as young people interactingwithout chaperones (automobile revol.)

Dancing and the Charleston video

flappers: ultimate symbol of the Jazz age with greater freedom in morals and manners than previous generations. However, many felt they would quittheir jobs once they married.

http://www.rambova.com/fashion/fash4.html forfashions

EVENING WEARDAY WEAR SWIM WEAR

EVENINGWEAR

BABE RUTH video

professional sports: viewing grew dramatically in the 20s in the areas of boxing (Jack Dempsey), baseball (Babe Ruth), and football (Red Grange)(GRE).

Hero worship: in the 20s came from thedesire to return to old-fashioned virtues.

He started boxing professionally in 1914. He was called the "Manassa Mauler." He was one of the most popular heavyweight boxing champions of all time. He knocked out Jess Willard in 1919 to win the Heavyweight boxing title.

Careen avg: .342Homeruns: 7142.28 pitching ERA.671 winning avg.21 year career

Red Grange &Knute Rocknevideo

4. “Lost Generation”—disillusioned with American life and criticism of middle- class conformity and materialism a. Alienated writers included F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis (Main Street and Babbitt),

F. Scott Fitzgerald: created The Great Gatsby and was a member of the “Lost Generation

and H.L. Mencken (The American Mercury). b. Expatriates include Gertrude Stein, and Ernest Hemingway

Harlem Renaissance:African American literary movement with musical influence based in New York that included such writers as Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen, Claude McKay

Harlem Renaissance PowerPoint

Countee Cullen

Langston Hughes

Claude McKay

Section 3-4

Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

5. The Harlem Renaissance—outpouring of black artistic and literary creativity a. Literary--Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen, Claude McKay, b. Music-- Jelly Roll Morton, Billy Holiday and Duke Ellington c. Art

Loïs Mailou Jones“Negro Youth” 1929

Jones in 1925

William H. Johnson “Self-Portrait” 1929

Palmer Hayden“The Janitor who Paints”

Calla Lilies, 1924 Pond in the Woods, 1922 White Callas, 1925-27

the Arts: with the wealth and creativity of the 20s, artists in the areas of music (Armstrong, Ellington), painting (Georgia O’Keefe), and literature (Sinclair Lewis, Eugene O’Neill, Ernest Hemingway) (GRE).

6. Science--first liquid-fuel rocket, Vitamin D in milk, and first TV transmission

nativism: distrust of foreigners caused by the red scare and labor unrest. Thiswould lead to anti-immigration laws1924 Immigration Law: designed tolimit immigrants from southern and eastern Europe

II. Cultural conflicts

1. Immigration restriction-National Origins Act (1924)(2% rule for 1890 census); designed to reduce the influx of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe; Asians excluded completely; Latin Americans no limit set

Sacco and Vanzetti: anarchist bank robbers who were convicted and sentenced to die

2. Sacco-Vanzetti case-two Italian anarchists are convicted of bank robbery and murder. They were executed. Many believed that their guilt was determined by their belief-, and ethnic background. Later evidence shows they were guilty.

3. KKK-- regains some notoriety as "100% Americanism" appealed to many; went after immigrants, Jews, and Catholics.

KKK: goals was to establish the dominance of Protestant, native born, Anglo-Saxon males. "100% Americanism“(GRE)

Marcus Garvey: started the UNIA which emphasized African American’s building up self-respect, economic power, and racial pride.

4. Marcus Garvey-Universal Negro Improvement Association-believed in a back to Africa movement and "black pride.“ African Americans: in the 20s still faced anger and hatred, even in the north, and suffered from low wages and discrimination

Fundamentalism: movement that believes that the Bible is to be strictly interpreted literally.Scopes Trial: contest over the teachingof evolution in schools, which seemedto contradict the Bible. Clarence

Darrow

5. Scopes Trial-Debate over the theory of evolution; Clarence Darrow defends Tenn. Science teacher John Scopes who taught Darwin's theory of evolution. The prosecutor, William Jennings Bryan, wins the case but loses the larger argument in the eyes of many Americans.

a a. Conflict between rural and urban culture b. Conflict between Protestant fundamentalism and modern science c. Debate over Biblical interpretation d. Debate over lack of academic freedom in some parts of the country    

bootleggers: smuggled, distilled, and illegally sold alcohol.

Prohibition: forbidding the legal manufacturing of alcohol and led to an increase in organized crime; it didreduce alcohol consumption (GRE).

Speakeasies: place where alcoholic beverages were served illegally.

  6. Prohibition-although passed a. Opposed by Al Smith, immigrants (especially from cultures that allow drinking), college students, most city dwellers, intellectuals, and rebels. b. Supported by fundamentalists (Billy Sunday, Aimee Semple McPherson), Native-born Protestants, Herbert Hoover ("a great and social economic experiment, noble in motive and far-reaching in purpose"), and rural dwellers.

1934 0.61 0.07 0.29 0.97

(Prohibition)

1916-19 1.08 0.12 0.76 1.96

Year Beer Wine Spirits Total

Apparent per capita ethanol consumption:

cc. It did reduce consumption,

d. Failed, in part, because of the enormous law enforcement costs 1. Increased the number of law- breakers 2. Crime activity (Al Capone). Volstead Act did not outlaw alcohol possession.

III. Election of 1928 1. Al Smith-Democrat- is Catholic and concern he would be influenced by the Pope. 2. Herbert Hoover-Republican-"The Great Engineer," WWI success, belief in a cooperative, socially responsible economic order shaped by voluntary action of capitalist leaders.

3. Results: Hoover wins in a landslide, but Republicans show weaknesses in the Smith carries the 12 largest cities (why? Trend of population?) and did well in mid-western farm belt 

Herbert Hoover: won the 1928 election in large part due to Republican prosperity in the 20s.

AP Ch. 24B Cultural Ferment, Creativity,

and Conflict(788-801)

The student will understand the changing society in the 1920s as well as the cultural conflicts

AL COS #7 & #8