Vocabulary Ch 17-18Absolute monarchDivine rightArmadaIntendantBalance of PowerDissenterHabeas corpusLimited monarchyElectorMercenaryDepopulationWesternizationBoyarWarm-water port

Natural lawSocial contractNatural right PhilosophePhysiocratLaissez faireCensorshipEnlightened despotConstitutional governmentCabinet Prime ministerOligarchyPopular sovereigntyLoyalistFederal republic

Day One - Warm-upGrab a book and write the definitions

on your warm-up sheet (ch. 14).

1.Armada 2.Divine right of Kings3.Absolutism4.Natural Rights5.Czar

The Age of AbsolutismThe Enlightenment and the

American Revolution

1500 to 1800

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The Age of Absolutism-Spain

Philip II...great grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella- Expanded Spanish influence*Made absolute monarch

• Believed in divine right

*Spain became the most powerful state in Europe- due to new world

*Spain's Decline

Inflation- to much gold and silver

Costly overseas wars Taxed the middle class

Expulsion of Jews and Muslims

Reduced skilled artisans and merchants

France- Under Louis XIV

Religious wars tore France apart in the late 1500sAssumed absolute power in 1661

*Was a workaholic, Divine Right

France the most powerful Europe

300,000 paid full time army

*VersaillesBecame the seat of government10,000 lived thereNobles vied for privileges and paid no taxes

Absolute Monarchy in Russia

*Peter the GreatAbsolute MonarchImporting western technologyRussia expanded its territory, from the Baltic to the Pacific

*Catherine the GreatAchieved a warm-water port on the

Black Sea by waging war against the Ottoman empire

Summary

Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.

Henry VIII to Elizabeth ... 1485 to 1603

*Worked with Parliament

Spanish Armada..1588Sir Frances Drake

England-The Tudors

The Stuart kings

*Clashed with ParliamentOver royal authority, money, foreign policy, and religion

*Charles I- 1625Wanted divine right

Dissolved Parliament

Tried to arrest House of Commons Leader

Civil War 1642 to 1649

*Cavaliers and RoundheadsVictorious Parliament executed Charles in 1649

Ended the monarchy

Created a republic headed by Oliver Cromwell

Censorship- closed taverns, theaters, no dancing

No religious toleration

*The Glorious Revolution1660 Monarchy returned

Divine Right, religious toleration

Avoid absolute monarch in future

*English Bill of RightsHouse of Commons given the power of the purseHabeas corpusA limited monarchy

Summary

Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.

Philosophy in the Age of ReasonEnlightenment thinkers called *philosophes...’Lovers of Wisdom’

Natural laws to solve social, political, and economic problems.

The Enlightenment and the American Revolution (1715–1800)

The reasoning of men could free them of their

ills and lead them to peace, security, a good government and ideal society. Reason would ensure the progress of humanity and entire

society.

Political Thinkers

*Thomas Hobbes pessimistic…1651

People were naturally bad

Government needed to be strict to control

Social contract• An entire society agrees

to be governed by its general will

*John Locke optimistic…1690

Natural rights...to life liberty and property

People formed governments to protect rights

If governments failed then the people could overthrow them

Other Changes*Most Europeans remained peasants

• Lived in small rural villages

• Untouched by Enlightenment ideas

*Peasant lifeWestern…tenant farmers or paid laborEastern…many were still serfs

MusicJohann Sebastian Bach..organ and choirsWolfgang Amadeus Mozart... operas, symphonies and religious

Summary

Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.

Tuesday - Warm-upGrab a book and begin reading the section “Economics” on pg. 521. Answer the following questions in complete sentences!1.What did the physiocrats believe?2.What does laissez-faire mean?3.Who provided the best statements on laissez-faire? What was the title of his book?4.According to Adam Smith, what were the 3 roles of government?

Britain at Mid-Century 1700'sHad Risen to World Power

Island locationColonial possessionsFavorable business climatePowerful navy

Birth of the American Republic

13 colonies in America, controlled by British

British taxesTrade restrictionsAn attack on their rights as British citizens

• Especially since they had no representation in Parliament

“Intolerable Acts”

•Accused Colonists could be tried in England

•American homes were forced to host British troops

•Boston Harbor was closed

American Revolution

1770... Boston Massacre 5 people killed

1773... Boston Tea Party Protest of taxes

1775... War!!!

1776... Declaration of war

“We hold these truths” John Locke

The War 1775 to 1781Looked bleak at the start

*The BritishHad a professional armyLots of moneyOccupied most majors cities1/3 of colonists were loyalists1/3 did not care

*The AmericansFew military resources

Little money

Fighting on their own ground

Controlled the countryside

The End of the WarThe French Alliance 1777

Battle of Saratoga convinced the French to joinSupplied ... arms, training and warshipsNetherlands and Spain also joined

*Treaty of Paris... 1781United States of America recognized

New boundaries to the Mississippi river

John Jay, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Laurens, and Franklin's

grandson, William Temple Franklin,

A new Constitution*Inspired by Enlightenment ideas

Separation of powers and checks and balances

Natural rights

Consent of the governed

Freedom of Speech

*The United States Constitution would serve as a model for other democratic nations.

Summary

Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.

America the Beautiful

The End

The French Revolution is next

Read Chapter 19