Air Barrier Paper•Standard approach to control infiltration•Can be located on the interior or exterior wall framing•Installed under siding

Attic Ventilation

• Allows water vapor to escape and keeps the house cooler in the summer by preventing solar heat

• Four types:– Soffit vent- creates the required intake ventilation at the eave– Ridge vent- effective because its located at highest point on roof– Gabled vent- located high in the wall at opposite ends of the attic. Helps

create cross draft in a wind– Through roof vents- resemble inverted cake pans and are flashed into

roofing material

Backhoe•Backhoe/Front end loaded•The bucket width is 21 ½ inches and the depth was 27 ¼ inches•Used for digging and removing dirt

• Batter Boards• A temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation•Typically 3-4 feet from actual place of the house

Rough Brick Arch

Centering

• It’s a piece of wood or steel (in this case steel) that the brick is formed to for an arch, dome, vault.

Running bond•Nothing but rows of stretchers

Flemish Bond

• Bonds that alternate with one row of stretchers and one row of headers

Soldier•Brick laid on its end with its face parallel to the wall

Rowlock

Stretcher Rowlocks

Brick Sizes•Length- 7 ½ in•Height- 2 ¼ in•Modular size•Width- 3 ½ in•3 ½ x 2 ¼ x 7 ½ in

Bulldozer• A crawler equipped with a metal plate, used to push large amounts of dirt, sand, gravel, or trash•Used at all construction sites.

Exterior Cladding

Wood Shakes EIFS and Stone

Exterior Cladding

Brick Wood Boards

Code Requirements•22 ½ in from floor to sill•Height = 33 ½ in•Width = 28 in•Meets all requirements for building code•Suitable for egress

•Tread = 10 in•Riser Height = 7 ¾ in•Nosing = 1 in

Concrete Joints

•Control joint- an intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure

• Isolation Joint- joints that isolate the slab from the wall, column, or drainpipe • Isolating slab from wall

Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)

• A block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick or stone.

• Most common block dimensions 8x8x16

• Notice that the height of 3 modular stacked bricks is equal to 1 CMU block

• Different size CMU

Decorative CMU’s

Split Block Ribbed Blocks

Exterior Door•Flush Door

4 Panel Door1. Top Rail2. Stile3. Bottom Rail4. Panel5. Lock Rail

1

3

2

5

4

1. Sidelight- a tall narrow window along side a door

2. Transom- a small window directly above the door

1

2

Electrical Components•Power pole- used to support both electric power distribution lines and telecommunication lines ass well as there associate equipment•Transformer Box- a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors• Service Head- is a weatherproof entry point for above ground electrical wiring or telephone lines into a home or business• Meter- is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a building

Service panel- a component of an electricity supply system which divides an electrical power feed into different circuits

Duplex receptacle- connectors used for main electricity

Framing Elements

1. Anchor bolts

2. Sill Plate

3. Floor Joist

4. Subflooring

5. Sole Plate

6. Stud

7. Top Plate

8. Ceiling joistAnd9. Rafter

Framing Elements

10. Roof Decking11. Sheathing

11. Stringer

Front End Loader• a heavy equipment machine that is primarily used to load material onto another type of machinery

Gypsum Board• an interior facing panel consisting of gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces• also called drywall or plasterboard

Heat Pump• Advantage: can change conditions rapidly and also control humidity• Disadvantage: very noisy and difficult to zone• Compressor/Condenser- the outside unit of heat pump. Fan pulls air across a line of refrigerant and changes temperature

Air Handling unit- moves and conditions air through duct work. A fan sucks in new and return air and recirculates it

Insulation- a material that has low thermal conductivity. Used to keep building warm in the winter and cool

during the summer

Batt Blanket

Loose Fill

Ridge Board

Lintel• a beam that carries the load of a wall over the opening of door or window•steel

Mortar•½ in mortar joint• Concave troweled•Apartment building•Maybe type S mortar

•½ in mortar joint•Tooled joint• Maybe type N•Apartment building

Oriented Strand Board• a non veneered building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions bonded together under pressure• 4x8

Plumbing

• Watercloset 3 in drain pipe

• Lavatory 1 ½ in drain pipe

• Drop in sink

•Plumbing roof ventKeeps gas Fumes out ofhouse

Plywood• a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bound together under pressure• veneer- a thin layer, sheet, or facing made from slicing thin pieces from a tree• 4x8

Radiant Barrier• a reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy

Rebar• ½ in #4 rebar• the deformation on the bar are there for the concrete to have more surface area to hold onto. It increases the strength of the bond

Steep Roof Drainage• gutter- channel that collects rainwater runoff

• Downspout- metal tube that carries rainwater from gutter to ground

•Splashblock- a piece of plastic or other durable material that is laid under downspout and diverts water from the base

Steep Roof Materials• Underlayment- protects roof sheathing and structure from moisture

•Shingle- small units of water resisting material laid onto roof in overlapping patterns to make roof water tight•Wood Shingles

Steep roof materials

• metal roof usually made from galvanized or aluminized steel

•Clay tile roofing

Steep Roof Shapes• Hip Roof

• Gambrel roof

•Gabel Roof

•Mansard Roof

Steep Roof Terms•Ridge- where two roof panels meet• Valley- a trough formed by the intersecting of two roof slopes• Rake- the sloping edge of a steep roof• Building without fascia

•Eave- the horizontal edge of a sloping roof slope•Fascia- horizontal surface which spans across the top of columns•Soffit- the horizontal underside of an overhang

StoneRandom Ashlar

Coursed Ashlar

Random Rubble

Coursed Rubble

Vapor Retarder-A layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly-Usually put on the warm side of the building during the winter

Vapor Retarder

Waterproofing-An impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation. Used to keep water from leaking into the building

- the waterproofing here is fully adhered

Waterproofing

Weep Hole• a small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or wall assembly

Windows

• This is a Single hung window because only one panel can move up and down

• one window slides up and down on a track

• the window in this picture is a fixed widow because it has no operable components.

• least likely to leak air or water