Pre-Action Systems

Pre-Action Systems

Pre-action systems are fixed fireprotection systems with closedsprinkler heads.

The water supply is held backby a deluge valve, which is controlled by a release system.

When the release system operates,the deluge valve opens and waterdischarges from all open outletsconnected to the sprinkler piping.

Pre-Action Systems

The “Pre” part of pre-actionmeans that the release or the detection system is required to operate prior to the sprinklerson the sprinkler piping.

The idea of pre-action is that thedetection operates prior to thesprinkler system, allowing the water in the supply to be at or near the open sprinkler when the system operates.

Some pre-action systems only operateafter the sprinkler opens, meaning thedelay in water application would be theas a dry pipe system.

Pre-Action Systems

Pre-action systems are generally installed where there is a fear of water entering the sprinkler system or entering the space where the sprinklers are located.

Applications where pre-action systems are installed:

FreezersCoolersFlammable liquid storage (areas subject toFreezing)Computer RoomsRare Book StorageHistorical RecordsHistorical BuildingsGymnasium FloorsRecord Storage Areas

Deluge Valves

Deluge Valves

Deluge valves are used indeluge systems and pre-actionsystems.

Viking deluge valves haveone moving part, which isthe clapper.

Viking produces (2) styles ofdeluge valves, a straight through Model F-1 and anangle style, a Model E-1.Their operation is the same.

Both valves are listed andapproved for 250 psi.

Model EModel F

Model F-1 Deluge Valve-Replaceable Parts

Valve Body

Valve Seat

Clapper Seat Ring

Teflon Coated Clapper

Clapper Diaphragm

Clapper Diaphragm Clamp Ring Valve Cover

Model F-1 Deluge Valve

Priming Chamber

Inlet Chamber

Outlet Chamber

F-1 Deluge Valve Set-up

Water pressure providedto the priming chamberis supplied upstream of awater supply control valve.

Step #1: Place Priming Water in the Priming Chamber

F-1 Deluge Valve Set-up

Step #2: Open the water supplycontrol valve to bring water intothe inlet chamber.

This is the normal conditionfor a deluge valve. The outletchamber has only atmospheric pressure.

Valve OperationOnce the release system operates,water drains from the primingchamber, allowing the valve clapperto open. Water is directed from the inlet chamber to the outlet chamber

Outlet Chamber

Inlet Chamber

Priming Chamber

Valve OperationWater fills the discharge chamberand exits the valve and fills thesprinkler piping. Water dischargesfrom all open outlets connected to the sprinkler piping.

Water discharges throughsystem until water supplycontrol valve is closed.

Sprinkler HeadsAllowed to

Be Installed On Pre-Action Systems

Pre-Action System Releases

Dry Barrel Sprinkler

Upright Sprinkler

Horizontal SidewallSprinkler

Pre-Action System Releases

OR

Pre-Action System Releases

A pendent sprinkler installed on a return bend, where the sprinklerAnd the sprinkler line supplying it are in a heated area

Ceiling

Pre-Action System Releases

Pre-Action System Releases

Release SystemsPre-action systems use the same release systems as a Delugesystem. In many cases they use a combination of Deluge system release systems to create their interlock or mode of operating the Deluge valve.

Single Interlocked Pre-Action1. Pneumatic Release – Mechanical release2. Electric Release

Double Interlocked Pre-Action1. Electric/Pneumatic Release2. Electric/Pneu-lectric Release3. Pneumatic/Pneumatic Release – Mechanical Release

Single Interlocked Pre-Action System

Single Interlocked Pre-action Systems

Single Interlocked Pre-Action Systems

“Single” interlock means that it only takes one action to openthe deluge valve. For a single interlocked pre-action system, only the release system will open the delugevalve.

Air pressure is placed on the sprinkler piping as supervisory air pressure to ensure the piping network isnot open. Only the release system will operate the deluge valve. Operating a sprinkler head will only result in a “low air” alarm, or in other words, activating the “supervisory alarm”. There is no minimum supervisory air pressure for a single interlocked pre-action system.

Single Interlocked – ElectricRelease

The most prevalent single interlockedpre-action system. Activation requiresthat the electric release system poweropen the normally closed solenoidvalve only before the deluge valve opens.

Losing air only, will not allow thedeluge valve to open. This type of release is preferred when applying water to the fire quickly is required.

Single Interlocked Pre-ActionElectric Release

- Normal Position

Solenoid Closed.Panel in set position.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Discharge to OpenDrain

Solenoid Open.panel in alarm, indicatingrelease system has operated.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Priming water is exitingpriming chamber to open drainallowing deluge valve to open.

Single Interlocked Pre-ActionElectric Release

- Detection Activated

Single Interlocked – PneumaticRelease

This release is often chosen whereinstalling a mechanical release is desired. This system is used in lieuof a dry pipe system where a dry pipe system is not allowed due to the delay in water delivery.

Losing air only on the sprinkler piping, will not allow the deluge valve to open.Care must be taken in the design ofthe air supply to ensure that each airsupply has a dedicated air maintenancedevice.

From Air Supply

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

To OpenDrain

Air pressure is commonto the release lineand the top of the pneumatic actuator. Once the release lineis pressurized, the pneumatic actuator isheld closed.

Single Interlocked Pre-ActionPneumatic Release

- Setting Pneumatic Actuator

Priming water is heldin the priming chamberbecause the pneumaticactuator is held closedwith air pressure fromthe release line.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

From Air Supply

To OpenDrain

Single Interlocked Pre-ActionPneumatic Release

- Release System (Normal Position)

To OpenDrain

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Release Line

Single Interlocked Pre-ActionPneumatic Release

- Release System (Activated)

Priming water from thepriming chamber of thedeluge valve dischargesfrom the pneumatic actuator when air is relieved from the releaseline.

Double Interlocked Pre-Action System

Double Interlocked Pre-action Systems

Double Interlocked Pre-Action Systems“Double” Interlock means that two actions have to occur beforethe Deluge valve will open. For a double interlocked pre-action system, the release system and air pressure has to be reduced on the sprinkler piping to open the Deluge valve. For a double Interlocked Pre-action System, the air pressure on the sprinklerpiping is used as supervisory air pressure and as a release system for the deluge valve. The minimum air pressure for a Double Interlocked Pre-action System is 7 psi.

For Double Interlocked Pre-action Systems, operating a sprinkler on the system will only result in a low air pressure alarm.Operating the release system on a double interlocked pre-action system will only result in a general alarm. It will take both to operate to open the Deluge valve and flow water into the system.

Refrigerated Area Sprinkler Systems

A Factory Mutual Reference for Double Interlocked Pre-Action. FM does not allow Double Interlocked

Pre-action installed anywhere other than freezers.

FREEZER AIR SUPPLIES

PER

NFPA 13 (2007 ed.)

Frost Plugs are created by moisture that is constantly being introducedby an air compressor. A means of preventing or eliminating moisturein the air supply to a system supplying a freezer can be a challenge.

OR

Freezer Air Supplies

A listed or approvedself contained air dryingsystem

Double Interlocked –Electric/Pneumatic Release

The most prevalent double interlockedpre-action system. Activation requiresthat the electric release system poweropen the normally closed solenoidvalve and air pressure be released from the sprinkler piping to openthe pneumatic actuator before the deluge valve opens.

Losing air only, or just the electricrelease operating will not allow thedeluge valve to open. This type of release is preferred when waterinadvertently entering the sprinkler piping must be avoided.

Electric/Pneumatic Release- Normal Position

Solenoid is closed. Release system isin set position

Pneumatic actuator is closed with airfrom sprinkler piping.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Electric/Pneumatic Release- Electric Detection Activated

Solenoid is open. Release system hasactivated allowingprime water to advance to pneumaticactuator.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Pneumatic actuator is closed with airfrom sprinkler piping.

Electric/Pneumatic Release- Electric Detection and Sprinkler

have operated

Solenoid is open. Release system hasactivated allowingprime water to advance to pneumaticactuator.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Pneumatic actuator is open when air pressure is reducedon sprinkler system.

Priming water is exitingpriming chamber to open drainallowing deluge valve to open.

Double Interlocked – Electric/PneulectricRelease

A double interlocked system thatcross zones the electric detectionin the hazard area and the supervisoryair pressure switch. Both devicesmust activate before a cross zoneis completed at the release controlpanel.

If only the detection activates, or ifonly the supervisory switch activates,the deluge valve will not open.

This type of double interlocked pre-actionis sometimes chosen to lower the requiredair pressure on the sprinkler piping.

Double Interlocked Pre-ActionElectric/Pneulectric Release

- Normal Position

Solenoid Closed.Panel in set position.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Double Interlocked Pre-ActionElectric/Pneulectric Release

- Detection Activated

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Solenoid Closed.Panel in alarm, indicatingZone #1 has activated.

Double Interlocked Pre-ActionElectric/Pneulectric Release

- Detection and Supervisory Switch Activated

Solenoid Open.Panel in alarm, indicatingZone #1 and Zone #2 have activated completingcross zone.

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Priming water is exitingpriming chamber to open drainallowing deluge valve to open.

Double Interlocked –Pneumatic/Pneumatic Release

This double interlocked releaseis a mechanical release. Twopneumatic actuators are placedin series. A pneumatic releasesystem is installed in the hazardarea and controls the first pneumatic actuator. The secondpneumatic actuator is connectedto the sprinkler piping and iscontrolled by the air placed on thesystem piping.

Double Interlocked –Pneumatic/Pneumatic Release

Activation of this system occurswhen the release system operates,allowing priming water to advanceto the pneumatic actuator controlledby the air in the sprinkler piping. Whenair pressure is reduced in the sprinklerpiping, the second pneumatic actuatoropens, draining priming water pressurefrom the priming chamber allowing thedeluge valve to open and flow water intothe sprinkler piping.

Operation of only one pneumatic actuatorwill not allow the deluge valve to open.

Double Interlocked Pre-actionPneumatic/Pneumatic Release

- Set Position

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Air Pressure on Release System, Closing PneumaticActuator #1

Air Pressure on Sprinkler System, Closing PneumaticActuator #2

Note: The space between the Pneumatic actuators is primed withWater to prevent pre-mature operation

Double Interlocked Pre-actionPneumatic/Pneumatic Release

- Release System Operates

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Air Pressure removed from Release System, Opening PneumaticActuator #1

Air Pressure on Sprinkler System, Closing PneumaticActuator #2

Air Pressure removed from Release System, Opening PneumaticActuator #1

Air Pressure removed fromSprinkler System, Opening Pneumatic Actuator #2

Priming Water fromPriming Chamber

Priming water is exitingpriming chamber to open drainallowing deluge valve to open.

Double Interlocked Pre-actionPneumatic/Pneumatic Release

- Release System and Sprinkler Operates

Packaged Trim and System Options

TrimPac

TrimPac is a trim offering that includes the release devicesfor either deluge or pre-action systems. One TrimPac will service any size valve. A TrimPac can either be mounted on the wall or to the riser. For a riser mounted TrimPac, a mounting kit is required.

TrimPac Drain Trim

A TrimPac can be used with any size deluge valve, but, the valve size is required to order the drain package. The drain package is installed on the valve and hoses from the TrimPac are installed on outlets located on the valve trim and the priming connection on the supply side of the control valve.

TrimPac Drain Package – Model E-1 Deluge Valve

TrimPac Drain Package – In-line Valve vertical installation

TrimPac Drain Package – In-line Valve horizontal installation

SureFire

Fail Safe Pre-action

SureFire Pre-action Systems

SureFire Pre-action systems are “power failure safe” electric releasepre-action systems.

The release module is the same for both single and double interlockedpre-action. The release module consists of a normally closed solenoid valve,a normally closed solenoid valve, and a pneumatic actuator.

During normal power conditions, the normally closed solenoid valve is powered open by the release control panel when the release system(s) operate.

The normally open solenoid valve is installed in series with the pneumaticactuator. The pneumatic actuator is held closed with the air pressure on thesprinkler piping. In normal power conditions, if a loss of air occurs on the system, the normally open solenoid valve is powered closed by the release control panel.

Sure Fire Pre-action Systems

Available in TrimPac

SureFire – TrimPac Completed Assembly

SureFire TrimPacTrim View

Release Module

Supervisory AirPressure Switch

SureFire – Release Set

Priming Water From Deluge Valve

Air Pressure On SprinklerPiping

Normally Closed Solenoid Valve

Normally OpenSolenoid Valve

Pneumatic Actuator

SureFire – Release Activated (Normal Power)

Normally OpenSolenoid Valve Air Pressure

On SprinklerPiping

Pneumatic Actuator

Priming Water From Deluge Valve

Normally Closed Solenoid Valve-Powered Open by Release ControlPanel

SureFire Release- Normal PowerLoss Of Air – Release Not Activated

Normally OpenSolenoid Valve(Powered ClosedBy Release Control Panel)

Air Pressure Removed fromSprinkler piping

Pneumatic Actuator

Normally Closed Solenoid ValvePriming Water

From Deluge Valve

SureFire Release ModuleLoss of AC and DC Power –

Sprinkler Opens on Sprinkler Piping

Normally OpenSolenoid Valve(Priming waterflows throughvalve)

Air Pressure Removed fromSprinkler piping

Pneumatic Actuator

Normally Closed Solenoid ValvePriming Water

From Deluge Valve

Sure Fire Pre-action SystemsRe-set Instructions

1. Close water supply controlvalve.2. Drain down sprinkler system3. Open auxiliary drain valve4. Close drains5. Re-establish Air pressure onsprinkler piping.6. Reset release system7. Open water supply controlvalve.

Note: System will not re-set without establishing air pressure onsystem piping first.

Trim Mounted to the Valve

A valve from Viking can be ordered with thetrim assembled on the valve by the factory.Some system options only leave Viking in pre-trimmed offerings.

Pre-Trimmed Valves

Model G4000-P1 – Single Interlocked Pre-Action – Electric

Release

Model G4000-P1 – Double Interlocked Pre-Action –

Electric/Pneumatic Release

Model G4000-P1 – Single/Double Interlocked Pre-Action – SureFire

Release

TotalPac 2

TotalPac 2 is a product line that integrates the deluge or pre-action riser assembly. In general, the only thing a contractor must install is a water supply to the TotalPac 2, andconnecting piping to the sprinkler system.

Integrated Systems

TOTAL PAC 2

Integrated Systems

Basic Skid:14 ga. steel baseManifolds on inlet &

drainButterfly valveSystem main valvePre-assembled trim

Basic Skid:14 ga. steel baseManifolds on inlet &

drainButterfly valveSystem main valvePre-assembled trim

Integrated Systems

Basic skid w/enclosure:- No control panel- Factory wired to field junction box- SerializedTwin door design

Dimensions:57" x 36" x 20" for 1½“ to 3" units57" x 46" x 20" for 4" to 8" units

Basic skid w/enclosure:- No control panel- Factory wired to field junction box- SerializedTwin door design

Dimensions:57" x 36" x 20" for 1½“ to 3" units57" x 46" x 20" for 4" to 8" units

Remote Controlled Units

Integrated Systems

Complete system:

– Control Panel– Pre-wired to wiring terminal– Listed & Approved– Serialized

Complete system:

– Control Panel– Pre-wired to wiring terminal– Listed & Approved– Serialized

Self Contained Units

Integrated Systems

Control section:

– Emergency batteries compartment– Contractor’s wiring terminals– Air compressor isolation switch

Control section:

– Emergency batteries compartment– Contractor’s wiring terminals– Air compressor isolation switch

Self-contained unitsSelf-contained units

Integrated Systems

Types of Releases:

- Hydraulic- Pneumatic- Electric- Firecycle III- Sure-Fire

Types of Releases:

- Hydraulic- Pneumatic- Electric- Firecycle III- Sure-Fire

Product featuresProduct features

Integrated Systems

Cycling Pre-action

Firecycle lll

Cycling Systems

Cycling Pre-Action Systemsoperate in the same manneras conventional pre-action systems, with the ability tocycle off when the fire isextinguished.

Cycling Systems

The ability for the system to cycle off is provided by the use of a flow control valve in the riser in lieu of a deluge valve.

Standard pre-action trim is deluge trim that is designed for the systemto activate and require manual system closure and resetting.

The flow control valve allows for thesystem to re-set once the releasesystem has reset.

The system will cycle ON-OFF as many times as necessary to extinguishthe fire.

Cycling Systems

Cycling systems utilize a detection or release system of closed loop heat detection devices. Available options are for exposed installations, and finished ceiling installations. The detection loop wire is required to be 2 hour rated FPL wire.

Questions ?