Video Production 101 Prepared by Bradley Knight Digital Media, UWC.

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Transcript of Video Production 101 Prepared by Bradley Knight Digital Media, UWC.

Video Production 101

Prepared by

Bradley KnightDigital Media, UWC

Contents

3 Phases of Production

Gear/equipment

Terms

Rules/conventions

Camerawork basics

Tips

Productions Phases

What is a blonde?

And a redhead?

Types of Lights

Blonde

2000 watts

Redhead 800 watts

yellow

red

What is a Dolly?

Dolly

A cart that the camera and crew sits on to create smooth camera movement over uneven surfaces.

Boom mic.

A microphone attached to a rod, and held close to the subject without getting into the shot.

Jimmy Jib

A mini crane which creates high angle and low angle shots.

A Clapperboard/Slateboard

Records all the vital info for the editor. (scenes, shots, takes,)

Reflector Board/Polyboard

Used outdoors to reflect sunlight or lights

onto the subject

Steadycam Operator

Camera is harnessed to the body to create smooth, free movement without tracks.

Basic Terminology

A shot is the amount of video you shoot from the second you press record to when you stop recording.

Photo Album analogy

A Shot

Different types of shots Extreme Wide Shot (E.W.S.)

a.k.a Establishing shot

To show surroundings, beginning of new scene, where the action is taking place.

Long Shot (L.S.)

Closer to subject, but still places her in surroundings.

Wide Shot (W.S.)

Subject takes up full frame with “safety room”.

Mid Shot (M.S.)

Framed from waist to head.

How you would see the person in casual conversation.

Medium Close Up (M.C.U.)

Halfway between Medium Shot and Close Up.

Shows head and shoulders.

Close Up (C.U.)

Subject’s face (including neck) or other feature fills most of the frame.

Extreme Close Up (E.C.U)

ECU shows extreme detail.

Used to convey emotion.

Framing and Composition

Framing A frame is the picture you see in the viewfinder

or monitor.

Composition Composition is the layout of everything in the

frame-where it is in relation to everything else, the foreground and background, the lighting, the camera angles.

“Rule of Thirds”

Imaginary lines which divide the picture into thirds

Place your points of interest where the lines intersect

In a nutshell

Except for people looking directly at the camera, place your point of interest either on or alongside the imaginary horizontal or vertical lines, or on 1 of the 4 Intersecting points.

Rule of Thirds

Moving-room and Looking-room

Amount of room in shot left empty to make shot look comfortable.

Leaves space for the action or eye line.

Avoiding Mergers

Tonal MergerWhere objects blend together in a picture and lose their identity.

Dark hair blending into a dark background

SolutionUse a back light to separate the girl’s hair from the background.Frame the shot from another angle to change the dark background

Dimensional Mergers

When different elements in your picture “run together” and looks odd.The Human eye sees in 3D. Cameras see in 2D.

Tip!Close your one eye, and check your composition

Basic Camera Movements

Pan - Turning left or right

Tilt - Pointing camera up or down

High angle - shot above eyeline, looking down on subject

Low angle - shot below eyeline, looking up at subject

White Balance

It’s a function which gives the camera a reference to “true white”It tells the camera what white looks like, and it records all other colours correctly.An incorrect white balance will show video with a blue or orange tint.

Good news! Most Consumer Cameras have Auto White

Balance!

Too blue

Too yellow

White-balanced

After the shoot

Pack camera away in bag when not in use.

Label your tapes and “record-proof” them!

Remove tape and battery after the shoot.

Bad Habits…DON’T zoom all the time!!!DON’T shoot with effects. Add it in the edit.DON’T add date stamp. Home video.DON’T leave camera unattended in car or on tripod.DON’T leave camera on sand/beach.DON’T point the camera at a bright light sourceDON’T shoot subject in front of window during daylightDON’T touch the lens. Smudges.

Resources

• Quinn, Gerald V. The Camcorder Handbook. Blue Ridge Summit PA:TAB Books,1987

• Ferncase, Richard K. Film and Video Lighting Terms and Concepts Newton MA: Focal Press,1994

• Watkinson, John. An Introduction to Digital Video, MA: Focal Press, 1994

• Mascelli,Joseph V. The Five C’s of Cinematography Silman-James Press, 1965

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Bradley KnightBradley KnightDigital Media, Digital Media, E-Learning Team, I.C.S. E-Learning Team, I.C.S. University of the Western CapeUniversity of the Western Cape021 959 2676021 959 2676blknight@uwc.ac.zablknight@uwc.ac.za

Questions?