Version 4.0

PLANNIN

G AND C

ABLING

NETWORKS

NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS – CHAPTER 10SANDRA COLEMAN, CCNA, CCAI

OBJECTIVESIdentify the basic network media required to make a

LAN connection.

Identify the types of connections for intermediate and end device connections in a LAN.

– Identify the pin out configurations for straight-through and crossover cables.

- Identify the different cabling types, standards and ports used for WAN connections.

- Define the role of device management connections when using Cisco equipment.

Design an addressing scheme for an inter-network and assign ranges for hosts, network devices and the router interface.

Compare and contrast the importance of network designs.

BASIC NETWORK MEDIA REQUIRED TO MAKE A LAN CONNECTION

Select the appropriate hardware, including the cabling, to install several computers together in a LAN

SELECTING THE APPROPRIATE LAN DEVICE

RoutersAct as the gateway, connecting LANs to other networksPrimary devices used to interconnect networksEach port on a router connects to different networks – therefore requires a different subnet!Segments broadcast domainsSegments collision domainsInterconnect networks that use different technologies (LAN/WAN interfaces)LAN – usually UTP cabling, can be fiber.

HUBS VS. SWITCHESHubs – less expensive, used in a very small LAN where low throughput is OK

Switches – segments collision domains, interconnects network segments, more expensive, but performance makes it cost effective.

DEVICE SELECTION FACTORSPlanning ensures that all requirements and deployment options are

considered.

FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN CHOOSING A SWITCH

Cost – determined by its capacity (# ports) and features (security, manageability, etc.)

Redundancy – how much do you need to adequately protect your network.

CHOOSING ROUTERSSame considerations as a switch +

Expandability – can buy fixed and modular configurations. Modular provides expansion slots to increase flexibilty.OS features – security, QoS, VoIP, Multiple layer 3 protocols, special services (NAT, DHCP, etc.)Very expensive…get what you want initially to help keep costs to a minimum.

KNOW THE CABLE TYPESGiven a specific network connection, identify the type of cable

required to make the connection

TYPES OF MEDIAUTP – 100m

Fiber

Wireless

Each type has advantages/disadvantages:

Cable length, cost, bandwidth, ease of installation, susceptible to EMI/RFI

Attenuation: the decrease in signal strength along an electrical or optical cable.

WHY IS FIBER BETTER THAN COPPER?

Greater distance per cable run

Limited susceptibility to EMI/RFI

Greater bandwidth potential

Be able to identify cable and know what it is used for:

Straight thru – connecting unlike devices on different layers

Cross over – connecting like devices on same layer

Rollover – console connection from PC to switch/router

LAN CONNECTIONS

2 types of UTP interfaces

MDI (Media-dependent interface)– normal Ethernet pinout. Pins 1 & 2 Tx, pins 3 & 6 Rx. Computers, servers, & routers all have MDI connections.

MDIX (Media-dependent interface-crossover) – Swaps the Tx pairs internally which allows the end devices to be connected to a hub or switch with a straight-thru cable.

These can be setup by automatic detection and negotiating of MDI/MDIX operation of the port OR by enabling the mechanism to electrically swap the Tx & Rx pairs.

IDENTIFYING CABLE - KNOW THIS! 10.2.2Straight-thru – switch to router, PC to switch, PC to hub

Crossover – switch to switch/hub, hub to hub, router to router, pc to pc, pc to router (NIC to Ethernet port)

WAN CONNECTIONSFor V.35 serial cables: Uses DB 60, Winchester 15 pin, and smart serial connectors

CONFIGURING A ROUTER OR SWITCH

Uses a rollover cable to connect COM port to console interface on a router.

DESIGN AN ADDRESSING SCHEME FOR AN INTERNETWORK1st – KNOW the number of hosts you need on the network (pcs,

printers, servers, ip-phones, ip-camers, routers, switches, wireless access points, etc.) – look at the future!

Subnets? How many?

DESIGN AN ADDRESSING SCHEME FOR AN INTERNETWORKCalculate the address ranges for sub networks

LET’S PRACTICE!

LET’S DO THIS ONE!

IMPORTANCE OF NETWORK DESIGNSHow many subnets? What kinds of cable?

IMPORTANCE OF NETWORK DESIGNSDescribe how to count the segments between router interfaces

VLSM – YOU ARE NOW READY TO LEARN IT!I will give some examples on the board… be sure to write them

down… and work as many as possible.

You will have to use VLSM in your labs for this chapter. We will actually start designing IP addressing schemes, setting up the PC’s and routers, and making sure they all work

The labs we do in this chapter CLOSELY emulate what you will have to do for your hands-on final.

Just pay attention and you can do this… it is simply subnetting a subnet….don’t make it over-complicated!

ONE MORE TO GO!Test – TBD…

Online Test - discuss

Study guide – due on test dayPg. 264 – Multiple choice (2 questions)Pg. 266-267 – Multiple Choice (3 questions)Pg. 267- Concept questions (2 questions)Pg. 268 – Multiple Choice (3 questions)

Labs – 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 (you HAVE to know how to set this up)