Verbs with irregular forms in the preterit

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Transcript of Verbs with irregular forms in the preterit

The Preterit of -ir Stem-changing Verbs

(El pretérito de los verbos de -ir de cambio radical)

¿Qué plato pidió?

Prefirió el arroz con

pollo.

dormir dormimosdormísduermen

duermoduermesduerme

dormir dormimosdormisteisdurmieron

dormídormistedurmió

Every stem-changing (shoe) verb in the present tense

ue

u

Type 1

“Sandal” verbs

The preterit stem changes occur only in the third persons.

o ue

o u

that is also an -ir verb is a “sandal” verb in the preterit.

Type 1: o ue, o u

Juan durmió seis horas anoche, y sus hermanos durmieron ocho.

dormir

Juan slept six hours last night, and his brothers slept eight.

Alicia murió dos años después de que murieron sus padres.

morir

Alicia died two years after her parents died.

mentir mentimosmentísmienten

mientomientesmiente

mentir mentimosmentisteismintieron

mentímentistemintió

ie

i

Type 2

“Sandal” verbs

The preterit stem changes occur only in the third persons.

e ie

e i

Every stem-changing (shoe) verb in the present tensethat is also an -ir verb is a “sandal” verb in the preterit.

Type 2: e ie, e i

Eduardo mintió acerca del robo, pero sus cómplices no mintieron.

mentir

Eduardo lied about the theft, but his accomplices didn’t lie.

Marlena sintió alegría cuando ganó el premio, y sus padres sintieron mucho orgullo.

sentir

Marlena felt joy when she won the award, and her parents felt great pride.

servir servimosservíssirven

sirvosirvessirve

servir servimosservisteissirvieron

servíservistesirvió

i

i

Type 3

“Sandal” verbs

The preterit stem changes occur only in the third persons.

e i

e i

Every stem-changing (shoe) verb in the present tensethat is also an -ir verb is a “sandal” verb in the preterit.

Type 3: e i, e i

Antonio sirvió las bebidas, y sus hermanas sirvieron la comida.

servir

Antonio served the drinks, and his sisters served the food.

Tomás pidió un sándwich, y sus hijos pidieron una hamburguesa.

pedir

Tomás ordered a sandwich, and his children ordered a hamburger.

leíste

leímos

leísteis

leieron

leí

leióyó yeron

Verbs that change the “i” to “y” in the third-persons singular and plural

Example: leer

Notice that every form except third-person plural bears a written accent.

The “i” to “y” change applies only to -er and -ir verbs whose stem ends in a vowel

leer

creerleyó leyeron

creyó creyeronoír

oyó oyeron

FIN