Post on 13-Jan-2016
Verbal CommunicationVerbal Communication
Chapter 4Person to Person
Chapter 4Person to Person
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
• Different languages• Different languages
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
• Different languages• Multiple meanings
• Different languages• Multiple meanings
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
• Different languages• Multiple meanings• Words and word meanings change
• Different languages• Multiple meanings• Words and word meanings change
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
• Different languages• Multiple meanings• Words and word meanings change
• Words are always being created
• Different languages• Multiple meanings• Words and word meanings change
• Words are always being created
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
Why can verbal messages be so
confusing?
• Different languages• Multiple meanings• Words and word meanings change
• Words are always being created
• Gender and generation differences
• Different languages• Multiple meanings• Words and word meanings change
• Words are always being created
• Gender and generation differences
How do we define “words”?
How do we define “words”?
•as symbols that represent things but are not the things themselves.
•as symbols that represent things but are not the things themselves.
•ghoti•ghoti
•ghoti•enough
•ghoti•enough
•ghoti•enough = f
•ghoti•enough = f
•ghoti•enough = f•women
•ghoti•enough = f•women
•ghoti•enough = f•women = i•caution
•ghoti•enough = f•women = i•caution
•ghoti•enough = f•women = i•caution = sh
•ghoti•enough = f•women = i•caution = sh
Denotative meaning isDenotative meaning is
the dictionary definition.
the dictionary definition.
Connotative meaning isConnotative meaning is
an individual’s emotional or personal response to a word.
an individual’s emotional or personal response to a word.
All words have denotative
meaning and may havedifferent connotativemeanings for each person.
All words have denotative
meaning and may havedifferent connotativemeanings for each person.
Why does language change?
Why does language change?
What did these words mean?
What did these words mean?
•fond•jest•cubit
•fond•jest•cubit
Meanings of oldMeanings of old
•fond = foolish•jest = story•cubit = the length of an arm
•fond = foolish•jest = story•cubit = the length of an arm
Language changes because the world
is constantly changing.
Language changes because the world
is constantly changing.
Language changes because
Language changes because
• New words are needed to describe new things and ideas.
• New words are needed to describe new things and ideas.
Language changes because
Language changes because
• New words are needed to describe new things and ideas.
• They are used in different ways by individuals or by society
• New words are needed to describe new things and ideas.
• They are used in different ways by individuals or by society
Language changes because
Language changes because
• New words are needed to describe new things and ideas.
• They are used in different ways by individuals or by society
• Using the same word to refer to the same thing over a period of time may be inaccurate.
• New words are needed to describe new things and ideas.
• They are used in different ways by individuals or by society
• Using the same word to refer to the same thing over a period of time may be inaccurate.
What kinds of language do you
use?
What kinds of language do you
use?
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Technical language• Technical language
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Technical language – Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization.
• Technical language – Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization.
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Technical language– Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization•Doctors•Mechanics•Writers
• Technical language– Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization•Doctors•Mechanics•Writers
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Regional terms• Regional terms
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Regional terms– A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area.
• Regional terms– A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area.
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Regional terms– A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area.•Water cooler, or bubbler?•Sub, hoagie, or grinder?•Rotary, or traffic circle?
• Regional terms– A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area.•Water cooler, or bubbler?•Sub, hoagie, or grinder?•Rotary, or traffic circle?
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Slang• Slang
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Slang– Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group
• Slang– Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Slang– Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group•S’up•Whack•Cool
• Slang– Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group•S’up•Whack•Cool
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Cultural terms• Cultural terms
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Cultural terms– A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people.
• Cultural terms– A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people.
What kinds of language do you use?
What kinds of language do you use?
• Cultural terms– A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people.•Yarmulke•Tacos•Castanets
• Cultural terms– A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people.•Yarmulke•Tacos•Castanets
What are verbal strategies?
What are verbal strategies?
The ways people use words are their verbal strategies.
The ways people use words are their verbal strategies.
A verbal strategy is using a set of words chosen to have a specific
effect on another person.
A verbal strategy is using a set of words chosen to have a specific
effect on another person.
Very often, senders use special words to get a certain reaction from
their receivers.
Very often, senders use special words to get a certain reaction from
their receivers.
Language strategies may involve the following tactics.
Language strategies may involve the following tactics.
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
•To exclude•To exclude
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
•To exclude•To include
•To exclude•To include
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
•To exclude•To include•To put down
•To exclude•To include•To put down
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
•To exclude•To include•To put down•To build up
•To exclude•To include•To put down•To build up
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
•To exclude•To include•To put down•To build up•To reveal self
•To exclude•To include•To put down•To build up•To reveal self
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
Language strategies may involve the
following tactics
• To exclude• To include• To put down• To build up• To reveal self• To conceal self
• To exclude• To include• To put down• To build up• To reveal self• To conceal self