Post on 17-Dec-2015
Venezuelan Experiences and Perspectives about Natural Gas Flaring and Venting in the Oil Industry
Arcangelo Sena D'ANNA
Janeth Lopez DE MORENA
Objectives
• To present a diagnosis and experiences on flaring and venting of natural gas in Venezuela
• To present feasible solutions and technological alternatives to reduce natural gas flaring and venting in Venezuela
Global Figures on Flaring and Venting
• During 2004, 5296 billion SCF of natural gas were burned • Equivalent to:
– 75% of Russia´s gas exports– 30% of the European Union's annual gas consumption – 25% of U.S. gas consumption
• More than 80% of global venting and flaring occurs in fewer than 15 countries, including:–Nigeria, Russia, Iran, Iraq, Angola, Qatar, Algeria, Venezuela,
Equatorial Guinea, Indonesia, Brazil and Mexico
• In Nigeria, Russia and Iran occurs more than a third of global flaring and venting
• In Venzuela occurs 3.7% of global gas flaring and venting
Venezuela Overview
Location: South AmericaSize: 916,445 km2
Population:~26 millionLanguage: Spanish and indigenous dialects
Casigua
La Fría
Barbacoas
JosePLC
ValenciaBqto.
Altagracia
Maracay
S.J Morros
Morón Litoral
Arichuna
CaracasYaritagua
Amuay
Río Seco
Ulé
Maracaibo
Puerto Ordaz
SotoAnaco
Güico
Mamo
COPAMACOYA
URACOA
LAGO
YP
ANACO
OCN
NM
UPM
Morichal
N30
LA VELA
Quero
‘
La Toscana
AMERIVEN
San Vicente
Facilities and production capacity of PDVSA
CRP
ELP
PLC
NGL
CIJG/GO
G
G
PDVSA 2005
Oil production 3.2 MMBD Gas production 6.9 MMSCFD.
Natural Gas Balance in Venezuela - Year 2004
Total Production6,671 MMSCFD
Reinjection43%
NGL4.4 %
Fuel14.5%
Losses4.3%
Domestic Market25.8%
Flaring & Venting8.0 %
Total gas flaring and venting in Venezuela: 532 MMSCFD (equivalent to 3.7% of global gas flaring and venting)
SOURCE: Ministerio de Energia y Petroleo, Taller ARPEL,2005
Diagnosis of Flaring and Venting of Natural Gas by 1999
• The main sources of flaring in E&P are the flares in Gathering Stations and Gas Compression Facilities due to their low compression capacity
• The main sources of venting in E&P are the Well Heads, Gathering Stations and Compression Plants
GAS FLARING GAS VENTING
SOURCE : PDVSA Intevep, 2001
PDVSA Gas; 1%
E & P; 56%
Refineries; 41%
Petrochemistry; 2%
E & P; 99,60%
Refineries; 0,00% PDVSA Gas;
0,40%Petrochemistry; 0,00%
1703,7 Gg/year CO2 1753 Gg/year CH4
Experiences on Gas Flaring Reduction and Use
• The revamping of facilities with Steam Recovering Equipments in Gathering Stations of PDVSA Eastern Division has allowed the recovery of 15 MMSCFD, minimizing gas venting by 0.2% of 2004 Venezuelan production
• The operational starting of the High Compression Gas Facility (PIGAP II) in PDVSA Eastern Division has allowed us to achieve an injection capability of up to 1200 MMSCFD as Gas Lift, which represents 18% of 2004 Venezuelan production
Gas Rico
Pozo
WELL
WATER TANK
COMPRRESSORFLARE
1 2 3
VRU
Options for recovering and use of gas to reduce flaring and venting
• To revamp current facilities for separation, compression and gathering of gas to reduce flaring and venting, and increase the capabilities for transportation to the industrial and domestic market
• To design and build new facilities for recovering and treatment of gas to be used in Power Plants, bringing opportunities to local communities and promoting economical and sustainable development in those regions
• To do a technical and economical analysis of feasibility for different options of transportation and use of recovered natural gas–Gas Transportation as a liquid (LNG)
or hydrate (HGN)–Gas to Liquid (GTL)– Fertilizer production
Casigua
La Fría
Barbacoas
JosePLC
ValenciaBqto.
Altagracia
Maracay
S.J Morros
Morón Litoral
Arichuna
CaracasYaritagua
Amuay
Río Seco
Ulé
Maracaibo
Puerto Ordaz
SotoAnaco
Güico
Mamo
COPAMACOYA
URACOA
LAGO
YP
ANACO
OCN
NM
UPM
Morichal
N30
LA VELA
Quero
‘
La Toscana
AMERIVEN
San Vicente
Expansion Production Plan of oil and gas 2005 - 2012 (Oil Sowing Plan or "Plan Siembra Petrolera")
PDVSA 2005
Oil production 3.2 MMBD Gas production 6.9 MMSCFD.
Oil Sowing Plan
PDVSA 2012
Oil 5.8 MMBD Gas 11.5 MMSCFD.
PlataformaDeltana
Costa Afuera
CIGMA
ExportLNG/ GTL
CRP
ELP
PLC
NGL
STA INES
CABRUTA
CARIPITO
NGL
CIJ
G
G
G
G/GO
G
G/GO
G/GO
G/GO
G/GO
G/GO
G/GO
G/FO
GO
G
G
GO
GO
G
Actions aligned with the Oil Sowing Plan (Plan Siembra Petrolera) for reduction of flaring and venting of Natural Gas
• To guarantee that gas flaring and venting is minimized through the development of suitable, secure and energetically efficient new gas recovery facilities
• To build new gas distribution systems in conjunction with petrochemical industries to maximize the use of gas
• To initiate the conversion of fuel oil power plants to gas, reducing in this way the venting of gas and relatively more pollutant emissions of fuel oil plants
Conclusions
• The diagnosis of natural gas flaring and venting in Venezuela has allowed us to conclude that there are opportunities for technological upgrades and more efficient uses of this natural resource in order to promote a sustainable development of our country and society
• It is important to continue designing and building more efficient facilities for processing of natural gas with the aim to minimize flaring and venting