Post on 18-Jan-2016
Various Genres
Narrative – OT Historical – Gospels and Acts Reveals the deeds/words of God and how humans
respond to these deeds/words Poetry – Psalter
Reveals how the faithful respond to God as the deeds/words of God are understood and lived out
Poetry – Wisdom and Epistles Reveals how the faithful live and struggle as the deeds of
God unfold in the midst of evil Poetry – Prophets
Reveals how God responds to the forgetting of the words/deeds He manifested
Poetry – Apocalyptic Reveals the end of the deeds of God and how the earth
and her inhabitants relate to this ending
The Narrative Sermon = Telling the Story what Goddid, does and will do – Sermon as Information - Story
The Worship Sermon = Responding to what God did, does and will do – The Sermon as Worship
The Didactic Sermon = Understanding how to live as believer and church in a broken world
The Confronting sermon = Understanding that God continues His work even without us. Repentance and Hope
The Eschatological - Faith Sermon = Knowingthat God will finish what He began – Joy and Hope
Genre Structure
Historical OT BooksGospel
sActs
LIT
UR
GIC
AL
GE
NR
E
WIS
DO
M G
EN
RE
PR
OP
HE
TIC
GE
NR
E
EP
IST
OL
AR
Y G
EN
RE
AP
OC
ALY
PT
IC
GE
NR
E
REMEMBRANCE - Through Recital, Liturgy, Education and Hope
Notes on Parallel Readingin Narrative and Poetry
Comments on Hebrew Poetry – Kugel and others
Summary and notes of the book by Robert Alter
Adele Berlin
Kugel
Poetic ANALYSIS – From cola to strophe to stanza
PAUSE
PAUSE
PAUSE
Smaller Segments : Strophes
Begin with Smallest : Poetic Lines
Larger Segments : Stanzas
I: Parallelism and PoetryLowth (1778)
Parallelism Synonymous Antithetic Synthetic
Refinement of Parallelism Incomplete Staircase Janus Metathetic Etc
Poles of Parallelism
From obvious ‘analogy’ to ‘absence’ of analogy+ -
All Genres use forms of LINE-ANALOGY
(parallelism)
POETIC (Ps 92:13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - NARRATIVE
Poetry is made up of lines (cola)Line A --- ---- ----\ 2-3 beatsLine B --- ---- ---] 2-3 beats
Line B amplifies semantically line AIntensifies, concrete, specifies, heightens, dramatizes, contrasts etc.
Kugel’s rule in detail
NORMATIVE POETIC RULES
A Ada and Zilla – hear my voice
A A man I have killed for my wound
A If sevenfold avenged is Cain
B Wives of Lamech, give ear to my speech
B A boy (ellipsis) for my bruising
B Lamech then seventy-seven
LAMECH’S SWORD SONG – GEN 4:23-24
Ada and Zilla – hear my voice
A man I have killed for my wound
If sevenfold avenged is Cain
Wives of Lamech, give ear to my speech
A boy (elipsis) for my bruising
Lamech then seventy-seven
LAMECH’S SWORD SONG – GEN 4:23-24
Dynamic Interplay
A. Smoke went up from His nostrilsB. Consuming fire from His mouth = >C. Coals blazed forth from it = >>
D. He bent the heavens, came downE. Dense mist beneath his feet []
F. Mounted a cherub and flew G. Soared on the wings of the wind =
PSALM 18 – LINES 10-12
DisjointedParallelism
// INDICATORS
= synonymity (analogy)== synonymity with verbatim repetition> focusing, heightening, >>intensification, specification{} complementary – synthetic consequence (result, reason why) Contrast, opposite// Metaphor or striking image?> Rhetorical Question? If not sure or diffi cult to score
Kugels Rule: Psalm 80
A If A is so
B B is even more so!
The basic rule (poetry)
Rule of Kugel
◦If line A is so◦Line B is even more so
Manifold Interplay (Berlin)◦Grammatically◦Lexicographically◦Sound ◦Conceptionally
Interplay generates◦Sequence and movement ◦Logical Argumentation◦Emotive Power ◦Delight - Beauty
Example Proverbs 4:3-4
A When I was a son to my father, B Tender and the only one in the sight of my mother,
A He also taught me, and said to me:
B "Let your heart retain my words; C Keep my commands, and live.B
Kugels Rule: Job 3:3
A"May the day perish
on which I was born,
B And the night in which it was said,
'A male child is conceived.'
Sequential verses (often) tell a ‘story’Most in Job, ProphetsThe PsalmsLess in Proverbs (except 1-9 and 31)
LINES AND STORY
You drew me out of the womb
Their feet run to evil
Made me safe at my mother’s breasts
They hurry to shed blood = >>
STORY BETWEEN 2 LINESPS. 22:10 – PROV. 1:16 – JOB 16:13
His archers surrounded meHe pierced my kidney Spilled to the groundWithout mercy > my bile >>
A. My boy, keep my sayings
B. Keep my precepts and live
C. Bind them on your fingers
D. Say to ‘Wisdom’ “You are my sister.”
E. To keep you from the foreign woman
My precepts store up by you = >My teaching, like the apple of your eye => Write them on the tablet of your heart >>Call ‘Understanding’ your kinsman =From an alien woman who talks smoothly =>
CH. 2: STORY LINE IN PROVERBS 7
‘Story’ of Proverbs 23:29-35 NKJ Proverbs 23:29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who
has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? 30 Those who linger long at the wine, Those who go in search of mixed wine. 31 Do not look on the wine when it is red, When it sparkles in the cup, When it swirls around smoothly; 32 At the last it bites like a serpent, And stings like a viper. 33 Your eyes will see strange things, And your heart will utter perverse things. 34 Yes, you will be like one who lies down in the midst of the sea, Or like one who lies at the top of the mast, saying: 35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt; They have beaten me, but I did not feel it. When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?"
Proverbs 23:29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? 30 Those who linger long at the wine, Those who go in search of mixed wine.
31 Do not look on the wine when it is red, When it sparkles in the cup, When it swirls around smoothly; 32 At the last it bites like a serpent, And stings like a viper. 33 Your eyes will see strange things, And your heart will utter perverse things.
34 Yes, you will be like one who lies down in the midst of the sea, Or like one who lies at the top of the mast, saying:
35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt; They have beaten me, but I did not feel it. When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?"
23:29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? 30 Those who linger long at the wine, Those who go in search of mixed wine. 31 Do not look on the wine when it is red, When it sparkles in the cup, When it swirls around smoothly; 32 At the last it bites like a serpent, And stings like a viper. 33 Your eyes will see strange things, And your heart will utter perverse things. 34 Yes, you will be like one who lies down in the midst of the
sea, Or like one who lies at the top of the mast, saying: 35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt; They have beaten me, but I did not feel it. When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?"
Initial Question and Answer
The First Warning
The Second Warning
23:29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes?
35 "They have struck me, but I was not hurt; They have beaten me, but I did not feel it. When shall I awake, that I may seek another drink?"
How long, Lord, will you forget me perpetually?
How long will I cast about schemes in my mind?
How long will be my enemy over me?
Look, answer me, Lord my God!
How long will you hide your face from me?
. . . . Grief in my heart all day?
(????? silence)Give light to my
eyes lest I sleep death!
CH. 3: STRUCTURES OF INTENSIFICATION
HOW LONG?
HOW LONG?
HOW LONG? HOW
LONG?
LOOK! GIVE LIGHT, ANSWER (imperatives !!)
Perish the day I was born
That day, let is be darknesslet no brightness
Let darkness and deep gloom claim it
That night! Let blackness cease it – let it not join the days of the year >
That night! Let it be desolate
The night is was said: ‘A man-child has been conceived.’>>
Let God above not seek it outshine on it >>
Let a pal dwell over it – let what darkens the day cast terror on it
Let it not come in the number of the month >>
Let no sound of joy come into it >
EXAMPLE JOB 3 - INTENSIFICATION
WB2-page 18
ACROSTICHON: PSALM 111
Halleluja
(a)
(b)
(g)
(d)
(h) Etc.
Climactic: Psalm 134
He who made the Heavens and Earth
The Lord bless you from SionAnd praise the Lord
In the Sanctuary
Lift your hands up
In the House of the LordWho by night stand
All you servants of Yahweh
Behold, Bless the Lord
Antiphonal : Psalm 136