Post on 13-Jul-2020
NCAI’s 12th Annual Tribal Leader/Scholar Forum
BREAKOUT SESSION
Salon C2
1:30pm-4:00pm
Using Data to Sustain Our Shared Natural Resources
Moderated by Councilman Melvin Sheldon, Jr., Tulalip Tribes
Many have predicted that the next world wars will be waged over water, not oil. And already we are
seeing how this precious resource is increasingly compromised by rising temperatures, drought,
contamination, and the like. The question now before us is: How do we use data to sustain our shared
natural resources? In this timely breakout session, presenters from across Indian Country will
demonstrate through their data and research how critical it is for tribal governments to be active
change agents in the effort to protect our waters.
Presenters:
Engaging Tribal Nations for Regional Ocean Planning
Kelsey Leonard, McMaster University
Contaminated Water: Increasing Tribal Access to Clean, Safe Drinking Water
James Temte, National Tribal Water Center
Special video presentation, “Stories of a Changing Climate”
Dr. Margaret Hiza Redsteer, US Geological Service
Renewable Energy Service Companies for Indian Country
Dean Suagee, Hobbs, Straus, Dean & Walker LLP
Engaging Tribal Nations for
Regional Ocean Planning Valuing Traditional Knowledge for
Interjurisdictional Coordination
Kelsey Leonard
Shinnecock Indian Nation
Mid-Atlantic RPB Co-Lead
National Ocean Policy
“to coordinate and implement regional ocean planning with state,
federal, tribal, and Fishery Management Council representatives.”
Regional Planning Bodies
• Best available data used to inform
and improve decision making
• Stakeholders proactively engaged
earlier in decision making
• A venue for Federal agencies,
States, Tribes, and the Mid-
Atlantic Fishery Management
Council to work together with
stakeholders to address ocean
issues and inform decision
making under existing authorities.
Mid-Atlantic Regional Planning Body (MidA RPB)
Prepare for
new and
expanding
uses in the
Mid-Atlantic
Make more informed
decisions about the
use of ocean space
Increase
coordination
across
agencies
and levels of
government
Engage
stakeholders to
share and vet ocean
data and achieve a
common vision
Mid-Atlantic Ocean Action Plan
6 Actions to Promote a Healthy Ocean Ecosystem
Develop Healthy Ocean Indicators
Incorporate Traditional Knowledge of Tribes
33 Actions to Promote Sustainable Ocean Uses
Tribal interests and uses
Enhanced Interjurisdictional Coordination
Work with Tribes
to develop Tribal
Ocean Planning
Network (TOPN)
Action 3
Develop Tribal
and agency
marine planning
contact
directories
Action 2 Identify, review
and recommend
updates to Tribal
consultation
policies
Action 1
Tribal Interests and Uses
Enhance understanding of Tribal rights
Action 4
Federal and State governments meet with Tribes to discuss ocean planning
Action 5
Account for historic resources under the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)
Action 6
Identify and address data gaps
pertaining to Tribal use of the
ocean
Action 7
9
MARCO Portal www.midatlanticocean.org
Northeast Ocean Data www.northeastoceandata.org
Tribal Engagement in the Mid-Atlantic Region
• MARCO and the Shinnecock Indian Nation are collaborating to expand and enhance Tribal engagement in the Mid-Atlantic regional ocean planning process
Project Goals
Dialogue To begin a dialogue with tribal leaders on
regional ocean planning
TEK Data Layers To develop geographic data layers based
on Traditional Ecological Knowledge
(TEK)
Ocean Action Plan Mobilization
To collect data and other informational
inputs for the Mid-Atlantic Regional
Planning Body to consider in the
development of the Ocean Action Plan
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1
2
3
Portal 2.0 Ocean Stories
Portal 2.0 Custom Maps
• Import map data from
external sources
• Identify and document
areas of interest using
drawing tools
• Export drawings as
GIS files & share
custom maps with
anyone
Engagement Process “The Portal is a tool to which the Tribes can contribute data and that they can use to tell their stories. Linking
Tribal stories to the Portal is representative of how Tribal Nations pass down knowledge of everything
including the ocean, rivers, land, animals, plants, ancestors and resources.” – Tribal Leader, 2015
Listening Sessions To share information about the regional
ocean planning process.
To help identify potential tribal spatial data
and a process for mapping that data.
pGIS Sessions To familiarize tribes with the MARCO Data
Portal
To generate spatial data layers of tribal
resources for inclusion in Portal
Valuing Traditional Knowledge Data Areas of Interest for Tribes
Aquaculture
Wampum Submerged Cultural
Resources
Canoe Journey Routes
Tribal Fishing Tribal Marine Management
Areas
Climate Change
Heritage Sites
Relationships Building a foundational relationship with Tribes.
Engagment Engaging Tribes in the current ocean planning process.
Indigenous Knowledge Soliciting Tribal input on ocean planning in
the Mid-Atlantic. Data Production Creating initial Tribal spatial data layers.
Data Tools Providing a spatial data tool for Tribes.
Outcomes of the outreach and data
collection process included: Data collection included gathering information on localized Tribal attributes such as traditional
homelands and current headquarters, along with recorded stories from Tribes providing
background information on the spatial data collected for inclusion in the storytelling portion of the
Data Portal.
• Portal team created a
data layer for Tribal
Offices that will be
expanded in the near
future to include points
of contact, spheres of
influence and
reservation land
boundaries.
• Links to Bureau of
Indian Affairs
interactive tribal
directory.
Tribal Offices
Challenges in Tribal
Ocean Data Mapping • Zoom limitations inhibited full accuracy
when mapping certain layers
• Mistrust of federal government and
uncertainty of intended data use
Marine Debris
-Courtesy to Conservation Science Institute; Altered Ocean; Blue Planet Society
"The United Nations has turned its attention to the oceans for
World Environment Day, and one of the main evildoers is a
familiar one - plastic.
Marine trash, mainly plastic, is killing more
than a million seabirds and 100,000 mammals
and sea turtles each year.”
- Kofi Annan,
Secretary-General, United Nations, 2004
Plastic Trash Vortex
There are actually 46,000 pieces of plastic litter floating
in every square mile of ocean. - UNEP
Albatross chick -
gut full of plastic!
- 90% of
albatross chicks
on Midway
Island in the
Pacific Ocean
had plastic in
their throats
What an albatross ate
Action Area: Marine Debris
Action Area: Marine Debris
Action Area: Marine Debris
• Tribes are large sellers of cigarettes
• Tribes also produce their own brand of
cigarettes
• Exploring opportunities to build outreach
strategy for “Point-of-Sale” program on
Marine Debris
• Indigenous Label on packs/cartons
• R&D to reduce butt lifetime
Consultation Indigenous nation consultation by
institutions/organizations/agencies
on research priorities, funding, and administration
Training Training for scientific review
panels responsible for granting
funding to value Traditional Knowledge
Indigenous Authorization Active approval by Indigenous
communities of research taking
place on Indigenous lands/waters.
Data Sharing Agreements Alternative data sharing agreements
that acknowledge Indigenous
sovereignty over data and allow for security protocols
Open data policies with Indigenous Nations must include:
Lessons Learned
Building a Foundation for
Improving Collaboration
• JOIN the Tribal Ocean
Planning Network
(TOPN)
• We’re Nations not Stakeholders.
• It is our hope that the work the Mid-
Atlantic has done on tribal
engagement will serve as an
example for future ocean planning.
For More Information:
Tabutne (Thank you)
kelseyleonard@shinnecock.org
@KelseyTLeonard
roa.midatlanticocean.org
Project Coyote Water: Assessment of Unregulated Drinking Water on Tribal Lands within the United States – January, 2015 – March 2016
By James Temte, G. Fortenberry, E. Taylor, K. Hickel and G. Goodwin
National Congress of American Indians - Tribal Scholar Leader Forum
June 17, 2017
Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets standards for water quality and provides various technical and financial programs
US Environmental Protection Agency, 2016
Unregulated Water Sources
Private well Natural Springs Surface Water
Potential Drinking Water Contaminants
Reliance on Unregulated Drinking Water Sources
~38 million Americans obtain drinking water from private wells
What is Known about Unregulated Water Sources?
Relatively little is known about
• locations
• populations served
• potential contaminants
Lack of information makes assessing public health risks challenging
Lack of Potable Water in Tribal Communities
~30,000 American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) homes lack potable water
11.6% of tribal communities rely on federally unregulated drinking water sources as primary water source
Little research done to:
• substantiate estimates
• characterize geographic distribution
• describe potential health hazards due to consumption
Project Coyote Water Objectives
Project Coyote Water is a collaboration between the National Tribal Water Center and CDC’s Health Studies Branch
• to assess use of unregulated water sources within tribal communities
• identify motivators for unregulated water source use
• describe educational and outreach activities for tribal communities
Methods
Participant Recruitment
Tribal environmental staff recruitment • IHS and Tribal staff recommendations • email solicitation though EPA Regional distribution lists • individual invitations
IHS employee recruitment • email solicitation through IHS Area Sanitation Facilities and
Construction Directors At least one IHS and one tribal environmental program staff
members from the 12 IHS regions interviewed
Survey Administration and Analysis Standardized questionnaire administered
from January 2015–March 2016
• in-person interviews
• telephone interviews
Survey questions
Descriptive statistics generated in Epi Info 7
Survey Administration and Analysis
Survey Administration and Analysis
Results
Number of Interviews Conducted by Region
95% of respondents reported some use of unregulated water for drinking and/or household activities in their area
Tribal Household Unregulated Water Use
Tribal Household Unregulated Water Use
Out of all the households in your (Area, District, Service Unit, Community) how many would you say use unregulated water for household activities?
N (%)
42
Fewer than half 29 (69)
About half 5 (12)
More than half 6 (14)
Don’t know 2 (5)
Tribal Household Unregulated Water Use
Out of all the households in your (Area, District, Service Unit, Community) how many would you say use unregulated water for household activities?
N (%)
42
Fewer than half 29 (69)
About half 5 (12)
More than half 6 (14)
Don’t know 2 (5)
Tribal Household Unregulated Water Consumption
In your experience, out of all the households in the (Area, District, Service Unit, Community) how many consume unregulated water (e.g. through cooking or drinking) on a regular basis?
N (%)
42
Fewer than half 29 (69)
About half 5 (12)
More than half 5 (12)
Don't know 3 (7)
Tribal Household Unregulated Water Consumption
In your experience, do people use unregulated water for drinking or cooking even when they have access to regulated water from a community water system?
N (%)
42
Yes 24 (57)
No 16 (38)
Don't know 2 (5)
If yes, do you have a sense of how
common this is? 23
Very common 2 (9)
Somewhat common 3 (13)
Common 2 (9)
Uncommon 9 (39)
Very uncommon 7 (30)
Don’t know 0
Tribal Household Unregulated Water Consumption
Reasons for Unregulated Water Use
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Cost
Cultural
Trust/Perception of Water Quality
Percentage (%) (n=23)* *Multiple reasons could be identified by the respondent
Common Unregulated Drinking Water Sources used for Drinking/Cooking
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Other
Rain Water
Trucked Water Not from Community Water System
Water from an Unregulated Community Water System
Surface Water
Springs
Private Well Water
Percentage (%) (n=42)*
*Multiple responses could be identified by the respondent
Level of Community Concern for Water Contamination
No concern Some concern Concerned Very concerned
86%
Contaminants of Concern
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Other
Radon
Uranium
Man-made Pollution
Objectionable taste/odor
Sediment
Arsenic
Nitrates/Nitrites
Natural Pollution
Bacteria
Percentage (%) (N=44)
*Multiple responses could be identified by the participant
Are Water Quality Educational Activities Offered?
77%
of respondents (n=34) reported that educational activities about water contaminants were offered in their respective areas
Are Water Quality Educational Activities Offered?
77%
of respondents (n=34) reported that educational activities about water contaminants were offered in their respective areas
Are Water Quality Educational Activities Offered?
77%
of respondents (n=34) reported that educational activities about water contaminants were offered in their respective areas
Are Water Quality Educational Activities Offered?
77%
of respondents (n=34) reported that educational activities about water contaminants were offered in their respective areas
Summary of Key Findings
95% of respondents reported some unregulated water source for drinking and/or household activities in their area
57% of respondents reported some households drink or cook with unregulated water source even when regulated water is available
Trust/perception of water quality most cited reason for unregulated water source use
86% of all respondents reported some level of community concern for water contamination by people in their area
77% of respondents reported water quality educational activities were offered
Public Health Implications
Unregulated water sources may pose potential health risks if consumed
Perceptions of water quality of water sources may influence the use of unregulated and regulated water sources
Existing educational resources are available, but its use is unclear, therefore, future studies are needed
Limitations
Small targeted sample of Tribal environmental organizations and IHS providers
Survey reflects expert opinion and is not a household-level survey and may not reflect true behaviors or ideas of household members
Next Steps
Disseminate the survey electronically to reach a greater number of tribal environmental staff and IHS employees across the US www.sgiz.mobi/s3/Project-Coyote-Water-Survey-1
Evaluate effectiveness of outreach activities
Design a strategic plan to help address public health concerns and reduce possible health risks consuming and using contaminated unregulated drinking water sources
Acknowledgements
CDC Health Studies Branch • Ethel Taylor
CDC Public Health Advisor Program • George Goodwin
National Tribal Water Center • Korie Hickel • James Temte
All tribes and IHS representatives that participated in this project
1
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Renewable Energy Service
Companies for Indian Country
Dean B Suagee
Hobbs Straus Dean & Walker LLP
dsuagee@hobbsstraus.com
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Renewable Energy Service
Companies for Indian Country
Natural Resources & Environment
vol 31, no 3, p 50 (Winter 2017)
A publication of the American Bar Association
Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources
3
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Outline of Presentation
Some Data and Metadata
Climate Change
Jobs in Clean Energy
Governmental Policies Informed by Data
States & Cities as Examples
A New Kind of Tribal Energy Utility
4
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
5
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
IPCC 5th Assessment Synthesis Report,
Summary for Policymakers - 2014
• A scenario that limits GHG concentrations to
450 ppm CO2 equivalent is likely to limit warming
to 2 degrees C over the 21st century relative to
pre-industrial levels
• Requires emissions reductions of 40 to 70% from
2010 levels by 2050, further reduction to near zero
or below by 2100
6
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Keeping Fossil Fuels in the Ground
For a 50-50 chance of staying below 2°C
– One third of global oil reserves
– Half of natural gas reserves
– 80 percent of coal reserves
must stay in the ground,
assuming 450 ppm CO2 keeps us below 2°C
McGlade & Ekins, Nature 2015
7
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Target atmospheric CO2: Where should
humanity aim? Hansen, et al (2008)
If humanity wishes to preserve a planet similar to
that on which civilization developed and to which
life on Earth is adapted, paleoclimate evidence and
ongoing climate change suggest that CO2 will need
to be reduced … to at most 350 ppm.
See also: 350.org
Photo credit: 350.org
License:; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/legalcode
9
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
The Revolution Is Happening
Globally, more capital is invested in renewable
electric power than non-renewable sources
– 55.3 % in 2016
Source: G. Taraska, The Flip Side of Climate Risk
(Center for American Progress, April 18, 2017)
citing: Frankfurt School-United Nations Environment Programme
Collaborating Centre/Bloomberg New Energy Finance, “Global Trends
in Renewable Energy Investment 2017”
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Jobs in Clean Energy
Direct jobs in the USA, 1st Quarter 2016
Clean Energy Industry 3,384,834
Fossil Fuel Industry 2,989,844
Source: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY,
U.S. ENERGY AND EMPLOYMENT REPORT, Jan. 2017
Also: Environmental and Energy Study Institute, Fact Sheet: Jobs in
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (Feb. 2017)
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Direct Jobs Comparison Clean Energy
Energy Efficiency 2,707,290
Renewable Electricity & Fuels
Solar Electricity 373,807
Wind Electricity 101,738
Hydro 65,554
Geothermal 5,768
Bioenergy 130,677
Subtotal:
RE Electricity & Fuels 677,544
Fossil Fuels
Natural Gas 398,235
Coal 160,119
Petroleum 515,518
Gas & Diesel Vehicles 1,915,972
Total 2,989,844
Note: Coal includes 86,035 direct
jobs in coal-fired electricity.
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
2,707,290 Jobs in Energy Efficiency
Appliances
traditional HVAC 520,572
Energy Star, incl. high efficiency HVAC 552,147
efficient lighting 327,792
Buildings
construction, materials, RE heating/cooling 563,241
Public Transit 402,978
Energy Storage 90,831
Smart Grid & Micro Grid 34,635
Vehicles
hybrid, plug-in hybrid, electric, hydrogen, fuel cell 215,094
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
CO2 reductions from energy efficiency
and renewable energy
Source: American Solar Energy Society, Tackling Climate Change (2007)
14
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Marketplaces for Energy Goods & Services
Practically every marketplace transaction involves
energy in one way or another, often in many ways
These marketplaces have been shaped and
distorted by decades of governmental policies –
federal, state, and local
Tribal governments, not so much
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
In the Absence of National Policy
What can Tribal Nations do?
Some States and many Cities are taking
action, e.g. –
California Climate Change Program
Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative
Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy
7,000 cities in 112 countries
U.S. Climate Alliance
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Local Governments for Sustainability
• Action plans for reducing CO2 emissions – Government operations
– Land use planning
– Building codes
– Public transit
– Recycling and waste management
– Education & Outreach
– Renewable electric power
iclei.org - International Council for Local Gov’t Initiatives
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
What can Tribal Nations do?
The article suggests a new kind of tribal
government agency or utility –
– Renewable Energy Service Company, RESCO
• Like an energy service company but with a
commitment to renewable energy
• Created by tribes or intertribal organizations
• Could take many different forms
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
What would a RESCO look like ?
• A full-service energy efficiency agency
• An electric utility with a full-service energy
efficiency program and support for
interconnection of distributed renewables
• A solar design consultant team
• A small business incubator
• An enterprise to develop utility-scale renewable
energy projects
19
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
A Basic Policy Issue
Is electric power a necessity that should be
available to everyone, delivered at reasonable
cost by entities with a public service mission?
or
Is it a commodity that private parties should be
able to make and sell for profit?
A contemporary variation on this theme:
support for rooftop solar electric power
21
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Toward a RESCO Mission Statement
Might start with a needs assessment
Kinds of likely needs –
Information
Technical Assistance
Staff
Investment Capital
22
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Information & Technical Assistance
Department of Energy Sources
– Office of Indian Energy Policy & Programs
• www.energy.gov/indianenergy
– National Renewable Energy Laboratory
• www.nrel.gov
Very good, but not enough
23
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Capital for Investments
• The “Partnership Flip” Model – MacCourt, Renewable Energy Development in Indian
Country: A Handbook (2010)
• Tax-exempt Bond Financing – Suagee, Tribal Climate Crisis Tax-Exempt Bonds,
Nat. Res. & Envt. Vol 28, No 2 (2013)
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Capital for Investments
• Timeframes for return on investment – Legacy of treating electric utilities as natural
monopolies; “rate base” regulation; and other policies
that favor big projects
• The concept of “On-Bill” loan repayment – USDA Rural Utility Service Energy Efficiency &
Conservation Loan Program
78 Fed. Reg. 73356 (Dec. 5, 2013), 7 CFR part 1710, subpart H
25
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Big Picture - C02 Emissions by End Use
Source: Architecture 2030, from U.S. Energy Information Administration
Buildings 44.6%
Industry 21.1%
Transportation 34.3%
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Net Zero – the Architecture 2030 Challenge
Carbon Neutral through -
Design (energy efficiency, passive solar)
Renewable energy (on-site, off-site)
27
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
A Better Buildings Challenge for Indian Country Natural Resources & Environment, vol. 29, no. 2 (Fall 2014)
• DOE Building Energy Codes Program
– 42 USC 6833, www.energycodes.gov
– Tribes should be included
• Moving toward Net Zero fossil fuels as the standard
– Meeting the need for homes for Indian families can be
part of the solution to global warming
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Net Zero Homes as Energy Infrastructure
A Better Buildings Challenge for Indian Country
Natural Resources & Environment, vol. 29, no. 2 (Fall 2014)
• 200,000 net zero homes for Indian families – Equals about 17.9 trillion Btu annual savings
– Or 5.24 billion kWh
– Or 3.09 million barrels of oil
• Over 40 years = about 124 million barrels
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HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Net Zero Homes as Energy Infrastructure
Compare Net Zero Homes to Keystone XL
KXL capacity: 830,000 barrels per day
303 million barrels per year
200,000 net zero homes offset 124 million barrels
Indian families are not the only people who could use net
zero homes.
Climate change is not the only reason that tar sands
should be left in the ground.
32
HOBBS STRAUS DEAN & WALKER, LLP WASHINGTON, DC | PORTLAND, OR | OKLAHOMA CITY, OK | SACRAMENTO, CA
Every decision we make must reflect
consideration of the welfare of the seventh
generation to come.
– Haudenosaunee Great Law of Peace