Post on 23-Dec-2015
Use of building materials
PRESENTATED BY:
INSTRUCTORE:
PROF Özlem olgac turker
MOHAMMAD KAMALZADEH 115706
”the most interesting architectural possibility is living in contact with materials” (Brown, 2004).
Building are made of different kind of materials. It is very important to know these building materials. The knowledge of different building materials, their properties
and uses help in achieving economy and efficient use of materials. The cost of materials in the construction of a building ranges from 60 to 70 percent of the total cost.
Recyclable
Today we recycle for a variety of reasons. Recycling helps saves energy, creates jobs, and helps build a strong economy. And it reduces problems associated with litter and trash.
Recycling is not a new concept.
Of Recycling
People have been doing it for thousands of years. And not just people: Nature has been recycling plants, trees, insects, and creatures for as long as there has been nature.
So, recycling is as old and as natural as the earth itself.
As early as 400 BC (and even earlier)
As for the history of recycling prior to the industrial revolution, recycling and general household re-using was actually a commonplace practice.And when materials did become worn beyond further use, recyclable ones (e g. glass, aluminum) were recycled into new items.
In hard times (e g. wartime), metals from everything like jewelry and coins were being melted for weapons or other necessary goods. Pottery recycling operations have been uncovered as well.Archaeologist also deduced from waste remnants about the history of recycling that recycling was a popular practice during times of distress.
For example
Why Recycle?
Recycling is playing a significant and increasing role in our society.
When we recycle, used materials are converted into new products, reducing the need to consume natural resources. Recycling helps conserve important raw materials and protects natural habitats for the future.
.Recycling saves energy
.Recycling helps protect the environment
.Recycling reduces landfill
For example
materials that can be recycled include:Appliances and fixturesBrush and TreesCardboard and PaperLumber and Plywood (in reusable form)Masonry (in reusable form or as fill)MetalsPlastics – numbered containers, bags and sheetingRoofing (in reusable form)Windows and Doors
Case Study
Bamboo Courtyard Teahouse / Harmony World Consulting & Design
http://www.dezeen.com/2012/09/08/bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-by-hwcd-associates/
Architects: Harmony World Consulting & DesignLocation: ShiQiao, Yangzhou, ChinaArchitect In Charge: Sun WeiDesign Team: Shi Jun, Peter Dykes, Zhang Qian QianArea: 400 sqmYear: 2012
Located in the Shi Qiao garden in Yangzhou, a city to the northwest of Shanghai, there is a floating Bamboo Courtyard Teahouse designed by Chinese architect Sun Wei, partner ofHWCD.
http://www.dezeen.com
The Bamboo Courtyard is embracing the traditional Chinese garden fundamentals while blending into the natural environment. The bamboo is arranged vertically and horizontally to produce “depth” and visual effects as you walk around. Tall rows of bamboo sticks create corridors along the outdoor walkway and are organized in asymmetric fashion on the lake.
http://www.dezeen.com
The natural materials such as bamboo and bricks provide sustainable sensibilities.
China has a 5,000-year history including the earliest history of bamboo use in the world.
In ancient China, bamboo was used for making arrows, books, palace buildings, paper and many other items.
Bamboo is technically a grass, not a wood product found in both tropical and sub-tropical climates throughout the world, grown in Asia, Africa the Caribbean and Latin America.
Bamboo has regrowth potential many times that of hardwood, putting out several full length, full diameter, naturally pre-finished, ready-to-use culms ("stems") each year. A single Bamboo clump can produce up to 15 kilometers of usable pole (up to 30 cm in diameter) in its lifetime . Within a few months of growth, a Bamboo tree can attain its full height (10 - 20m tall and 10 - 15cm in diameter) and five years later establishes full hardness . A twenty meter tree cut for market takes approximately 60 years to replace. A twenty meter Bamboo cut for market takes five years to replace.
Bamboo is one of the most widely used building materials in the world, but mainly by poor people . therefor, it is nickname is the ‘poor man’s timber’ and as soon as people have enough money they will build a house of stone or concrete.
http://www.dezeen.com
Containers
Containers
Containers of Hope by Benjamin Garcia Saxe
http://www.dezeen.com
Garcia Lachner
Architects: Benjamin Garcia
Saxe Architecture
Location: San Jose, Costa Rica
Project area: 100 sqm
Project year: 2011
Photographs: Andres Garcia
Lachner
Costa Rican architect Benjamin Garcia
Saxe‘s latest project, Containers of Hope,
is a new iteration of the shipping container
house.
http://www.dezeen.com
Using two discarded
shipping containers, he’s
created an affordable and
attractive modern home.
Located in San Jose, Costa
Rica the home is
constructed by staggering
the containers side-by-side
and adding a recycled
metal roof.
http://www.dezeen.com
The final cost of the house
(40,000USD) is lower than the
cost of social housing
provided for the poor in Costa
Rica.
http://www.dezeen.com
Can Cube / Archi Union Architects Inc
Architects: Archi Union
Architects Inc
Location: Shanghai, China
Project Area: 1,000 sqm
Project Year: 2009-2010
Photographs: Sheng Zhonghai
Located in Shanghai, China, the ‘Can Cube’ is an innovative
sustainable mixed-use residential and office building designed
by Chinese architectural practice Archi Union that integrating
several ecological and renewable systems to make it a
highly energy efficient and sustainable design structure.
project info:
http://www.archdaily.com
The Can Cube features a unique façade system, which is made of
aluminum carbonated drink cans enclosed in an aluminum frame.
The building façade saves the energy wasted during recycling
processes by reusing the cans in their current form, without the
need for recycling or further processes.
can wall detail Enclosing them in
an aluminum frame keeps the
structure light and easily
adjustable by its occupants.
Exterior building Can Cube unique facade system.
http://www.archdaily.com
Ecological Children Activity and Education Center 24H architecture
http://www.archdaily.com
project info:
client: six senses resorts and spas
reference client: sonu shivdasani
architect: 24h-architecture
design: boris zeisser, maartje lammers with: olav bruin, anne laure
nolen
program: auditorium/cinema, library, art room, music room, fashion
room, chill balcony and slide.
site address: soneva kiri resort, 110 moo 4, koh kood sub-district, koh
kood district, trat 23000, thailand
design: 2007
construction: 2008-2009
completion: 2009
floor area: 165 sqm
bamboo consultant: jörg stamm, colombia
local architect: habita architects, thailand
structural engineer building: planning & design, thailand
structural engineer for wind-tunnel tests: ove arup thailand
site plan
concept sketch model
INSPIRED BY NATURE
http://www.archdaily.com
The structure and roof are made from
local Thai bamboo, thus contributing
further to the ecological approach of
the resort.
The interior is made from local
plantation River Red Gum wood and
rattan structural elements for the
inner domes.
view from uphill, the roof transitions into the rocky mountainside
primary construction material
Roof plan
http://www.archdaily.com
roof tiles
construction of the canopy: placing the tiles
http://www.archdaily.com
construction
http://www.archdaily.com
elevationelevation
two bamboo columns anchor the structure
sectionbamboo structural diagram
http://www.archdaily.com
roof and internal structure construction details
http://www.archdaily.com
bamboo connection detail
pinned together with nut, bolt and washerhttp://www.archdaily.com
concrete footing and column detail
http://www.archdaily.com
interior is an open plan under an umbrella-like canopy
interior structure construction
http://www.archdaily.com
ventilation diagram
http://www.archdaily.com
Eastern Sierra House
http://www.archdaily.com
Eastern Sierra House
Project Owner:
Suzanne Johnson
Location:
239 Five Creek Road
Gardnerville Nevada 89423
United States
Submitting Architect:
Arkin Tilt Architects
Project Completion Date:
December, 2004
Project Site:
Previously Undeveloped Land
Project Type:
Residential – Single-Family attached
Project Site Context/Setting:
Rural
Building or Project Gross Floor Area:
3,450 square feet
http://www.archdaily.com
Materials & Construction
A wide variety of resource-efficient building systems are featured, along with significant quantities of salvaged resources and nontoxic materials. The earth-bermed and retaining walls are insulated concrete forms (ICFs), requiring 50% less concrete than conventional, poured walls. All concrete has replaced a minimum of 25% of the Portland cement with fly ash, and the interior slabs are finished with ferrous sulfate and a water-based sealer.The main level has straw bale walls, finished inside and out with sprayed earth (utilizing site soils). Wood-frame exterior walls constructed with wood certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) are sheathed with slats of stained fiber-cement-board panels, which weather well in this high-UV environment. The roofs are of ten-inch structural insulated panels (SIPs), with an insulation value of R-45. Salvaged fir 4x10 splines extend and are visible beyond the walls, supporting the generous four-foot overhangs that further protect the walls from the sun.
http://www.archdaily.com
The panels of the trombe wall are made of salvaged glass, overlapped in rows like shingles.
http://www.archdaily.com
Energy Flows & Energy Future
http://www.archdaily.com
Studio 804's Modular3 Design
http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/
Modular3: Studio 804 Dec 11,
2006 on Kansas City in United
States| by Levent Ozler2
Studio 804's 2006 Modular 3
house recently won
Architecture Magazine's fifth
annual Home of the Year Award.
The unique aspect of Modular 3
is that it used pre-fabrication
techniques, in which it was
constructed in a warehouse and
later shipped and installed on
site.
http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/
Drawing on the experience of previous projects, Studio 804 was able to design and construct a home employing off-site, modular construction techniques as well as environmentally friendly materials, in a mere 20 weeks.
Wood is the natural material of choice for building the prefabricated units, as it is economical, easy to assemble, and flexible in maintaining structural to learners.
http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/
The wood was then reused for the construction of the FEMA approved tornado shelter , which was installed in the absence of a basement.
www.archinnovations.com
Studio 804's Modular3 Design
Studio 804′s Modular3 Design | Inhabit at – Sustainable Design Innovation,Eco Architecture, Green Building
www.archinnovations.com
Sustainability in housing can encompass the idea of designing residences to allow people to age in place. This would conserve building-related resources and improve quality of life.
Successful designers develop a deep understanding of the resources they use whether it is based on a narrow or a wide range of materials.
Suitability and availability have a major impact in the process of selections materials.
Resources:
• http://www.archdaily.com/323464/• http://www.mediaty.com/courtyard-design-bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-h
armony-world-consulting-amp-design/
• http://blog.gessato.com/2013/02/27/bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-by-hwcd/#ixzz2kY6DatWB
• http://www.designboom.com/architecture/hwcd-bamboo-courtyard-teahouse/
• http://www.dezeen.com/2012/09/08/bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-by-hwcd-associates/
• http://www.archdaily.com/85278/• http://hinterior.com/can-cube-in-shanghai-china-by-archi-union-architects
/• http://design-milk.com/containers-of-hope-by-benjamin-garcia-saxe/• http://www.archdaily.com/143332/• http://www.arthitectural.com/24h-architecture-ecological-children-activit
y-and-education-center/• http://www.designboom.com/architecture/24h-architecture-childrens-acti
vity-and-learning-center-thailand/• http://www.archdaily.com/34946/• http://constructionwaste.sustainablesources.com/#MINIMIZE• http://
www.all-recycling-facts.com/history-of-recycling.html#ixzz2kfLHIVjp• http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/• http://www.archinnovations.com/featured-projects/houses/studio-804-mo
dular-3-prefab-house/