Post on 17-Jan-2016
Urinary system
1. Compounds and functions
2. Embryogenesis
3. Kidney
4. Nephrons types
5. Blood supplying
6. Glomerular filter
7. Nephrons histophysiology
8. Endocrine system of kidney
9. Urine transport system
Kidneys – urine production endocrine
Ureters – voiding of urine Urinary bladder–urine deposition
Urethra – voiding of urine
• Embryogenesis of urinary system
• Source – intermediate mesoderm (nephrogonotom)
• Stages – pronephroi
mesonephroi
metanephroi
Kidney
MFU – nephronrenal corpuscle+tubular system
Types: 1. cortical – short and long2. juxtamedullary
Blood supply
1. 25% of cardiac output
2. Two capillary systems (glomerular and peritubular)
3. High blood pressure in glomerulus
Renal cortex
Renal corpuscle
Renal corpuscle ultrastructure
Glomerular filter
Glomerular filter
Between circulating blood and urinary space
• Podocyte
• Basement membrane unusialy thick physical and electrical barrier
• Endothelium fenestrated
Proximal convoluted tube
Distant convoluted tube
Urine production
Stage Place Mechanism
Filtration Renal corpuscle
High blood pressure
Absorp-tion
Tubules Active – by cells
Passive – onkotic pressure
Secre-tion
Collecting tube
H+
Endocrine system of kidneys
• Renin-angiotensin
• Prostaglandins
• Callicrein-kinins
• Erythropoietin
• Juxtaglomerular apparatus
1. Juxtaglomerular cells
2. Juxtavascular cells
3. Macula densa area
4. Mesangial cells
Urine transport system
• Renal pelvis• Ureters• Urinary bladder• Urethra
Tunics
I Mucosa: epithelium (urothelium)
lamina propria
muscularis mucosa
II Submucosa
III Muscular
IV Adventitia