Post on 14-Jan-2016
Update on Ferrybox Update on Ferrybox
Improvement of process Improvement of process understanding through the use of understanding through the use of
high frequent Ferrybox high frequent Ferrybox observationsobservations
Henning Wehde, Dominique Durand, Henning Wehde, Dominique Durand, Pierre Jaccard and Kai SørensenPierre Jaccard and Kai Sørensen
henning.wehde@niva.nohenning.wehde@niva.no
• Ferrybox networkFerrybox network
• Ferrybox Ferrybox
results, validation/verification, validation of results, validation/verification, validation of
satellite satellite data data
• Use of results, Comparison/Combination of Use of results, Comparison/Combination of
observations from diverse platforms using observations from diverse platforms using
numerical modelling numerical modelling
Ferrybox Ferrybox networknetwork
Norrøna
Nuka Arctica
Collaboration Uni Bergen
Svalbard
Collaboration with FRS and UniRhode Island
Ferrybox system Ferrybox system
Flow through Ferrybox systemFlow through Ferrybox system– T, S, chl a fluorescenceT, S, chl a fluorescence– turbidity and oxygenturbidity and oxygen
Sensors for above water Sensors for above water
radiance radiance
Satellite communicationSatellite communication
automatic water samplingautomatic water sampling
Optional sensors measuring: Optional sensors measuring: – Sea surface skin-temperature, total irradiance, air temperature, true wind, UV radiationSea surface skin-temperature, total irradiance, air temperature, true wind, UV radiation– Nutrient analysersNutrient analysers
Ferrybox flow
Ferrybox data used for studies Ferrybox data used for studies of phytoplankton blooms in the of phytoplankton blooms in the Skagerrak Skagerrak
• High frequency High frequency measurements measurements
(2 times/24h, night (2 times/24h, night and day) and day)
• Studying timing Studying timing and geographic and geographic development of a development of a bloombloom
• Coupling the bloom Coupling the bloom to water massesto water masses
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1.11.2003
1.1.2004
1.3.2004
1.6.2004
1.8.2004
1.10.2004
Oslo
Hirsthals
Chlorophyll-a Fluorescence (mg/m3)
NORWAY
SWEDEN
DENMARK
Jomfruland
ListaArenbdal St. 2/3
Salinity
Oslo
Hirtshals
Bloom starts
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1.11.2003
1.1.2004
1.3.2004
1.5.2004
1.7.2004
1.9.2004
Ferrybox data for studying Ferrybox data for studying particle distribution and transportparticle distribution and transport
NORWAY
SWEDEN
DENMARK
Jomfruland
ListaArenbdal St. 2/3
Oslo
Hirtshals
Turbidity, FTU
Validation/VerificationValidation/Verification
Chlorophyll a vs FlurorescenceChlorophyll a vs Flurorescence
Total suspended material in SkagerrakTotal suspended material in Skagerrak
0.2 0,8 1,5 2 3 4 5 10
MERIS TSM
Mars 28. 2003
TSM product Quality flag turned on
0,0
0
0,5
0
1,0
0
1,5
0
2,0
0
2,5
0
3,0
0
3,5
0
4,0
0
57,6
557,8
057,9
558,1
058,2
558,4
058,5
558,7
058,8
559,0
059,1
559,3
059,4
5
Lati
tud
e
TSM (g/m3), turbidity
TS
M_M
ER
IS
(g/m
3)
Tu
rb
idit
y_fe
rryb
ox (
FT
U)
TS
M_fe
rryb
ox_calc
ula
ted
(g/m
3)
Blue TSM MERISPink Turb FerrybYellow TSM Ferryb
Comparison between Turbidity from Comparison between Turbidity from Ferrybox and those from discrete samplesFerrybox and those from discrete samples
Turb_Laboratory = 1.005 x Turb_Sensor + 0.0599
R2 = 0.737
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Turbidity Sensor (FTU)
Tu
rbid
ity
Lab
ora
tory
(F
TU
)
Validate data using satellite and Ferrybox Validate data using satellite and Ferrybox monitoringmonitoring(Chlorophyll)(Chlorophyll)
0,00
1,00
2,00
3,00
4,00
5,00
6,00
7,00
8,00
9,00
10,00
57,6 57,7 57,8 57,9 58,0 58,1 58,2 58,3 58,4 58,5 58,6 58,7 58,8 58,9 59,0 59,1 59,2 59,3
Latitude
Alg
al1,
Alg
al2,
Ch
l-a
(mg/
m3)
Algal_2_Norway_Regional Algorithm (mg/m3)Algal_1_MERIS_Standard Product (mg/m3)Algal_2_MERIS_Standard Product (mg/m3)Chl-a_fluorescence ferrybox (mg/m3)Chl-a_HPLC_water samples (mg/m3)
SkagerrakSkagerrak identification of regions identification of regions
Salinity
Skagerrak, Skagerrak, Winter nutrient concentrations as an indicator for the Winter nutrient concentrations as an indicator for the upcoming bloomupcoming bloomNO3+NO2-N (µM)NO3+NO2-N (µM)
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.6
8.8
8.8
9.0
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.4
9.4
9.6
9.6
9.8
9.8
10
.01
0.0
10
.21
0.2
10
.41
0.4
10
.61
0.6
10
.81
0.8
11
.01
1.0
11
.21
1.2
11
.41
1.4
11
.61
1.6
11
.81
1.8
12
.01
2.0
12
.21
2.2
12
.41
2.4
12
.61
2.6
12
.61
2.6
57 .2 57.2
57.4 57.4
57.6 57.6
57.8 57.8
58.0 58.0
58.2 58.2
58.4 58.4
58.6 58.6
58.8 58.8
59.0 59.0
59.2 59.2
59.4 59.4
59.6 59.6
59.8 59.8
60.0 60.0
60.2 60.2
NOslo
Hirtshals
Norge
Danmark
Skagerrak
12
3456
7
8
91011121314
151617
18
192021
2223
24
Skagerrak, Skagerrak, Winter nutrient concentrations as an indicator for Winter nutrient concentrations as an indicator for the upcoming bloom PO4-P the upcoming bloom PO4-P (µM)(µM)
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.6
8.8
8.8
9.0
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.4
9.4
9.6
9.6
9.8
9.8
10.0
10.0
10.2
10.2
10.4
10.4
10.6
10.6
10.8
10.8
11.0
11.0
11.2
11.2
11.4
11.4
11.6
11.6
11.8
11.8
12.0
12.0
12.2
12.2
12.4
12.4
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6
57 .2 57.2
57.4 57.4
57.6 57.6
57.8 57.8
58.0 58.0
58.2 58.2
58.4 58.4
58.6 58.6
58.8 58.8
59.0 59.0
59.2 59.2
59.4 59.4
59.6 59.6
59.8 59.8
60.0 60.0
60.2 60.2
NOslo
Hirtshals
Norge
Danmark
Skagerrak
12
3456
7
8
91011121314151617
18
192021
2223
24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Station nr.
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Pre-spring-bloom Winter concentrationsPO4-P (µM)
Mean Mean±SE Mean±1.96*SE
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3
Region 4
Region 5
Region 6
OSPAR
Classification of water quality status from winter Classification of water quality status from winter concentration of nitrate (Norwegian system).concentration of nitrate (Norwegian system).
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.6
8.8
8.8
9.0
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.4
9.4
9.6
9.6
9.8
9.8
10.0
10.0
10.2
10.2
10.4
10.4
10.6
10.6
10.8
10.8
11.0
11.0
11.2
11.2
11.4
11.4
11.6
11.6
11.8
11.8
12.0
12.0
12.2
12.2
12.4
12.4
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6
57 .2 57.2
57.4 57.4
57.6 57.6
57.8 57.8
58.0 58.0
58.2 58.2
58.4 58.4
58.6 58.6
58.8 58.8
59.0 59.0
59.2 59.2
59.4 59.4
59.6 59.6
59.8 59.8
60.0 60.0
60.2 60.2
NOslo
Hirtshals
Norway
Denmark
Skagerrak
N itra t+nitritt ( µg/l)
60 150
Classification status IIIFair
Classification status IVPoor
Classification status IVery Good
Classifgication status IIGood
Sweden
Classification of W ater massesaccording to the NorweiganClassification System for EutrophicationW inter Nitrate values
12
3456
7
8
91011121314
151617
18
192021
2223
24
Overcome mismatch Overcome mismatch observations in time and observations in time and space by using of modelsspace by using of models
Gabbard Buoy
Possible trajectories
Calculated watermass transport fromGabbard station to the FerryBox transect
Thanks for your attention !Thanks for your attention !