“Universe” of EG SubmissionsTrade and Environment Division

19 April 2010(Update of the presentation delivered on 18 February 2010)

For more information, please contact ludivine.tamiotti@wto.org

This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice to the positions of Members and to

their rights and obligations under the WTO.

Introduction

Caveats

Submissions on Environmental Goods (EGs) covered in the presentation• By a group of 9 Members (9M): Canada, the European Union, Japan, Korea, New Zealand,

Norway, Switzerland, Chinese Taipei and the United States – JOB(09)/132 (9 October 2009)• By Saudi Arabia (S) – JOB(09)/169 (6 November 2009)• By Japan (J) – TN/TE/W/75/Add.1 (16 February 2010)• By the Philippines (P) – JOB/TE/2 (16 February 2010)

Trade Data (UN Comtrade Database):• Based on entire HS6-Lines• Nominal US$ Values in Time Series using Current Exchange Rates (and not Purchasing Power

Parity – Rates)• Recording Errors and Evaluation Differences between reporting importing and reporting exporting

countries• Data availability: 2003: 94 WTO Members; 2004: 108 Members; 2005: 114 Members, 2006: 119

Members, 2007: 118 Members, 2008: 108 Members

Tariff Data (WTO Integrated Database and ITC):• Simple („Tariff-Line-Weighted“) Averages that weigh all scheduled Applied MFN tariff lines

equally – regardless of actual trade volumes

Trade and Tariffs:• HS-Concordance – All EG submissions apply the HS2002 Revision, which currently is only used by

23 Members. The concordance to other Revisions may be imprecise, since many codes have no one-to-one relationship with HS2007 and HS1996 codes.

• Australia, Canada, the EU27, Iceland, Japan, Liechtenstein, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland and the USA are counted as „developed“.

Number of HS6-Codes per List(HS2002 Revision)

9 Members (9M): 164 HS6-Codes

Japan (J): 51HS6-Codes

(+2 without codes)Saudi Arabia (S): 262 HS6-Codes

(+1 without HS2002-code)

Philippines (P): 17 HS6-Codes

170 unique HS6

92 duplicates

9M/S

11 triplicates 9M/S/P

5 dupl.9M/P

1 unique HS6

49 unique HS6

65 unique HS6

2 duplicates

9M/J

Universe of EGs: 384 HS6-Codes (HS2002)(+3 entries without HS6-Code from the HS2002 Revision)

Overlap between Lists(Number of overlapping HS2002-codes at the 6-digit-level)

Trade Data

Comparison Merchandise/EG-Trade 2003-2008(in Trillions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Source: UN Comtrade)

Total WTO Exports including EU-Intra-Trade, $14.2 in 2008 (+209%)

Total WTO Exports without EU-Intra-Trade, $10.3 in 2008 (+220%)

WTO EG-Exports including EU-Intra-Trade,

$2.8 in 2008 (+202%)

WTO EG-Exports without EU-Intra-

Trade, $2.0 in 2008 (+202%)

Total WTO Imports including EU-Intra-Trade, $15.1 in 2008 (+213%)

Total WTO Imports without EU-Intra-Trade, $11.4 in 2008 (+223%)

WTO EG-Imports including EU-Intra-Trade,

$2.8 in 2008 (+196%)

WTO EG-Imports without EU-Intra-

Trade, $2.0 in 2008 (+213%)$0

$2

$4

$6

$8

$10

$12

$14

$16

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

WTO Nominal Trade of EGs 2003-2008(in Trillions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Source: UN Comtrade)

WTO EG-Exports including EU-Intra-

Trade, $2.79 in 2008

$2.53

$2.18

$1.91

$1.70

$1.38

$0.95

$1.19

$1.36

$1.55

$1.80

WTO EG-Exports without EU-Intra-Trade, $2.02 in

2008$1.41

$1.72

$2.21

$2.50

$1.94

WTO EG-Imports including EU-Intra-

Trade, $2.77 in 2008

$1.62

$1.42

$1.24

$1.00

$1.81

WTO EG-Imports without EU-Intra-Trade: $2.03 in

2008

$0.0

$0.5

$1.0

$1.5

$2.0

$2.5

$3.0

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Share of EGs in WTO Merchandise Trade 2008 (All 4 Lists, Only Members with available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

WTO Nominal Trade of EGs by List 2003-2008(in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

,

Exports S, $848 (+249%)

Saudi Arabia List

Imports S, $941 (+245%)

,

Exports J, $874 (+181%)

Imports J, $795 (+159%)Japan List

Exports 9M, $652 (+236%)

,

Imports 9M, $627 (+232%)

9 Members List

Exports P, $92 (+306%)

, , $86 (+315%)Philippines List

$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$700

$800

$900

$1,000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Imports P

Trade Data: Top 15

Top 15 Shares of EGs in National Merchandise Exports 2008(All 4 Lists, Data of 108 Members available, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

51%

46%

42%

20%

32%

20%

26%

17%

12%

13%

13%

14%

12%

9%

10%

52%

46%

43%

35%

32%

29%

28%

23%

23%

23%

21%

21%

20%

20%

19%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Jamaica

Bolivia

Qatar

Japan

Trinidad and Tobago

Mexico

Norway

Thailand

Europe

Canada

China

Turkey

Rep. of Korea

USA

Malaysia

Other ListsSaudi Arabia list, if largestJapan list, if largest

Top 15 Shares of EGs in National Merchandise Imports 2008(Compilation List, Data of 108 Members available, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

22%

22%

14%

15%

16%

20%

14%

13%

14%

12%

12%

10%

11%

13%

13%

38%

37%

29%

26%

26%

25%

24%

24%

24%

24%

23%

23%

23%

22%

22%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Qatar

Oman

Nigeria

Ukraine

Iceland

Paraguay

Ghana

Bolivia

Australia

Argentina

Canada

Norway

Ecuador

Morocco

Georgia

Other ListsJapan list, if largestSaudi Arabia list, if largest

Top 15 WTO Exporters of EGs 2008 (in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

1.EU, $450, 23%

2.China, $305, 15%

3.Japan, $274, 14%4.USA, $254, 13%

5.Canada, $103, 5%

6.Mexico, $86, 4%

7.Rep. of Korea, $82, 4%

8.Hong Kong, $48, 2%

9.Norway, $47, 2%

10.Thailand, $41, 2%

11.Malaysia, $38, 2%

12.Singapore, $38, 2%

13.Chinese Taipei, $31, 2%

14.Turkey, $28, 1%

15.Switzerland, $25, 1%

Others, $169, 8%

1.EU

2.China

3.Japan

4.USA

5.Canada

6.Mexico

7.Rep. of Korea

8.Hong Kong

9.Norway

10.Thailand

11.Malaysia

12.Singapore

13.Chinese Taipei

14.Turkey

15.Switzerland

Others

Top 15 WTO Importers of EGs 2008(in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

1.USA, $460, 22%

2.EU, $428, 20%

3.China, $164, 8%4.Japan, $125, 6%

5.Canada, $95, 5%

6.Rep. of Korea, $78, 4%

7.Mexico, $61, 3%

8.Hong Kong, $54, 3%

9.Australia, $45, 2%

10.Singapore, $38, 2%

11.Chinese Taipei, $34, 2%

12.Brazil, $33, 2%

13.Switzerland, $32, 2%

14.United Arab Emirates, $32, 2%

15.India, $30, 1%

Others, $321, 16%1.USA

2.EU

3.China

4.Japan

5.Canada

6.Rep. of Korea

7.Mexico

8.Hong Kong

9.Australia

10.Singapore

11.Chinese Taipei

12.Brazil

13.Switzerland

14.United Arab Emirates

15.India

Others

Top 15 WTO Annual Average Export Growth Rates 2003-2008(All 4 Lists, 94 WTO Members, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

28% ($179 in 2008)

30% ($46,887 in 2008)

30% ($24 in 2008)

31% ($305,093 in 2008)

32% ($1,753 in 2008)

36% ($16,337 in 2008)

36% ($384 in 2008)

37% ($582 in 2008)

40% ($5,211 in 2008)

47% ($95 in 2008)

50% ($3,161 in 2008)

54% ($103 in 2008)

54% ($46 in 2008)

56% ($13 in 2008)

95%; ($6 in 2008)

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

1.Malawi

2.Paraguay

3.Zambia

4.Iceland

5.Bolivia

6.Uganda

7.Oman

8.Ecuador

9.Pakistan

10.India

11.Colombia

12.China

13.Albania

14.Norway

15.Peru

Annual Average Growth of Exports (2008Exports in Millions of US$)

Top 15 WTO Annual Average Import Growth Rates 2003-2008(All 4 Lists, 94 WTO Members, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

28% ($1,184)

28% ($8,197)

29% ($1,504)

29% ($2,659)

29% ($5,235)

29% ($945)

29% ($32,866)

33% ($9.471)

34% ($1,026)

35% ($835)

37% ($29,808)

38% ($13,497)

40% ($2,237)

43% ($805)

43% ($1,139)

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

1.Uruguay

2.Madagascar

3.Paraguay

4.Argentina

5.India

6.Armenia

7.Zambia

8.Morocco

9.Brazil

10.TFYR of Macedonia

11.Pakistan

12.Jordan

13.Kenya

14.Colombia

15.Bolivia

Average Annual Growth of Imports(2008 Imports in Millions of US$)

Trade Data: Developed / Developing Members

Exports Developing/Developed Members(in Billions of US$, Compilation List, Only available Member Data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

58%67% 64% 61% 60% 59%

42%

33%

36%39%

40%

41%

$2,019

$1,801

$1,554

$1,357

$1,189

$949

$0

$500

$1,000

$1,500

$2,000

$2,500

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Developing

Developed

Exports/Imports 2008 Developing/Developed (All 4 Lists, in Billions of US$, Only available Member data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)

Tariff Data

Average MFN Tariffs 2009(All 4 Lists, Data Source: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)

12.0%

9.7%

4.2%

1.8%

6.1%

10.7%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Average MFN LDCs -Only Non-Zero Tariffs

(89% of TLs)

Average MFN LDCs - AllTariffs (100% of TLs)

Average MFN Developing- Only Non-Zero Tariffs

(63% of TLs)

Average MFN Developing- All Tariffs (100% of TLs)

Average MFN Developed -Only Non-Zero Tariffs

(42% of TLs)

Average MFN Developed -All Tariffs (100% of TLs)

Duty-Free Tariff Lines 2009(All 4 Lists, Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)

58%

37%

11%

42%

63%

89%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Developed Developing LDCs

Non-Zero TLs

Duty-Free TLs

Average MFN Tariffs 2009 by EG List(Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC, TL-Weighted Averages)

18.6%

12.0%

10.6% 10.3%

17.2%

10.7%

9.4%8.7%

16.3%

12.2%

9.3%

5.6%

8.1%

4.9%

8.4%

5.0%

6.2%

3.2%3.8%

1.6%

3.8%

1.6%

3.8%

1.8%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

18.0%

20.0%

J - Non-ZeroTLs

J - All TLs 9M - Non-Zero TLs

9M - All TLs S - Non-ZeroTLs

S - All TLs P - Non-ZeroTLs

P - All TLs

LDCs

Developing

Developed

Duty-Free Tariff Lines 2009 by EG List(Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)

8%11% 11%

15%

26%

39% 39%41%

48%

59% 58%54%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

J 9M S P

LDCs

Developing

Developed

“Universe” of EG SubmissionsTrade and Environment Division

19 April 2010(Update of the presentation delivered on 18 February 2010)