Post on 24-Feb-2016
description
Unit 3Deaf and Hard of Hearing
Prepared by: Cicilia Evi GradDiplSc., M. Psi
Definition
• Deaf profound hearing loss can’t understand sounds with/out hearing aids
• Hard of hearing hearing losses that impair understanding of sounds and communication profit from listening devices and other hearing tech that enable them to comprehend oral speech and communication
Brief History
• Used to be ridiculed and persecuted, put them to death they consider themselves as minority
• 1500s Pedro Ponce de Leon, a monk from Spain first deaf teacher teach his students to write, read and speak
• Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet start the first special school for the deaf in the US mainly with sign language
Brief History (2)
• Gallaudet and Laurent Clerc, a deaf Frenchman and now is known as father of the Deaf culture in the US
• “Hundred Years War” Edward Gallaudet and Alexander Graham Bell (p. 333)
• 1950s electronic hearing aids make the sounds a little louder
Deaf Culture
• Structures of social relationships, language (ASL), dance, theater, literature, and other cultural activities that bind the Deaf community
• ASL American Sign Language used by the Deaf culture a fully developed language and not parallel to English structure or word order
American Sign Language
Challenges
• Students with moderate hearing loss profit from hearing aids, not even qualify for special education services but tend to be overlooked
• Students who use oral language • Students who use sign language separate
them from hearing community issues on ASL as primary language and Eng as the 2nd
Types of Hearing Loss
• Conductive hearing loss– Due to damage or obstruction to the outer or
middle ear that obstruct transfer of sound to the inner ear
– Mild to moderate; temporary • Sensorineural hearing loss– Due to damage to the inner ear or the auditory
nerve– Harder to correct
Degree of Hearing Loss
• Read p. 338 from MacKenzie (2007)• Residual hearing the amount of functional
hearing a person has
Age of Onset
• Prelingually deaf having lost ability to hear before developing language– 70% genetics– Interfere soc comm and academic performance
• Postlingually deaf having lost ability to hear after developing language; acquired deafness– Able to retain their abilities to use speech and to
communicate with others orally– Profit from cochlear implants
Cochlear Implant
Causes
• Heredity and genetics sensorineural • Meningitis affect central nervous system, after
birth• Otitis media infections in middle ear results in
an accumulation of fluid behind the eardrum that interrupt process of hearing
• Noise Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) reason for 22 million cases in teens and adults due to level of noise TIME report
Prevention
• Educate the students on the danger of noise and let them know the decibel levels of their environment above 80 is dangerous
• Reduce the volume of iPod or mp3 player volume locked
• Immunizations against maternal rubella
Overcoming Challenges
• Assistive listening devices (ALDs) equipment that helps improve use of residual hearing
• Hearing aids, audio loops, FM transmission devices (read p. 344-345)
• Cochlear implants for those with sensorineural hearing losses – Before 1st birthday– For adults allow them to hear and understand
sounds again
Assessments
• Universal newborn hearing screening testing all newborns for hearing loss 3-4 months old
• Early identification allow services begin immediately and sets the stage for better language and cognitive development
• Help to make decision regarding cochlear implants
Teaching Students
• Access to general education curriculum (p. 352 - 354)
• Instructional Accommodations modifying the instructions for inclusive environment, understand student’s needs
• Communication system oral only, total communication, cued speech, ASL, bilingual-bicultural
• Scaffolding differentiating instruction
Technology
• Assistive Listening Device• Telecommunication Devices• Speech-to-Text translations• Alerting Devices
Read p. 358 - 360
For their future …
• Transition Gallaudet University • Collaboration p. 361• Partnership with Family and Communities p.
363