- 1. Uncommon Ancestors Razib Khan A fashionable Neanderthal
ancestor in feathers
2. In the beginning.... 3. Charles Darwin,up from apes 4. Out of
Africa, according to Darwin
- Monogenism, all races have a common origin
5. vs. polygenism, dominant position 6. Modern scientific
polygenism 7. Modern scientific monogenism 8. 1987, Out of
Africamonogenism victorious! 9. Cultural impact of Out of Africa
10. 1987,mitochondrial Eve
11. Africans more diverse 12. Non-Africans branch of Africans
13. Implies recent African origin of all of humanity 14. Consensus
since 1987
- Y chromosomal Adam indicates African origin
15. The total genome supports African origin 16. Skulls don't
lie, Africans had modern skulls first 17. How about
Neanderthals?
- Ancient mtDNA was extracted and compared to modern human
mtDNA
18. In a sentence.....
- Everyone alive today is descended from a small group of African
hominins who flourished 100-200,000 years ago, and whose
descendants left their home continent and replaced all other human
lineages in totality
19. Case closed, we won, they lost? 20. 2010, The End of the
Orthodoxy
- Researchers extracted DNA from fossils, and reconstructed the
genomes of ancient humans, and compared them to modern
populations
21. How Do These Populations Relate 22. How Do They Relate To Us
23. Top line, circa 2011
- All non-Africans have 2.5% Neanderthal ancestry
24. Living Archaic Humans 25. The Neanderthal (gene) in my
family
- Dystrophin gene, skeletal and muscular development
26. ~10% of non-Africans have a Neanderthal dystrophin
variant
- A sequence of markers which seems to match the one in the
Neanderthal reference genome
27. About dystrophin
- On X, so men have 1 copy, women 2
28. Is why most of Jerry's kids are male 29. Big gene, huge RNA
transcript 30. Critical to skeletal muscle development 31. Me,
myself, & genotyping
- Who carries the Neanderthal haplotype?
32. My Neanderthal brother?
- I share 53% of genes with my brother, 1 standard deviation
above the expected value
33. We look very similar.... 34. Except, he is considerably more
robust 35. Coincidence? 36. More than just ancestry
- In the near future you will likely be able to know which genes
you carry the Neanderthal variants
37. Who cares?
- Many of you have been part Neanderthal your whole life. Now you
know!
38. Are you inferior to those who aren't part Neanderthal? 39.
Or are they inferior to you? 40. Does Neanderthal make you
superior, and Denisovan make Papuans inferior? 41. Are we no longer
brothers?
- In 1988, in reaction to mitochondrial Eve Stephen Jay Gould
stated:"If it's correct, and I'd put money on it, this idea is
tremendously important," says Stephen Jay Gould, the Harvard
paleontologist and essayist. "It makes us realize that all human
beings, despite differences in external appearance, are really
members of a single entity that's had a very recent origin in one
place. There is a kind f biological brotherhood that's much more
profound than we ever realized."'