U7 Spreadsheet U7 Spreadsheet Operations IIOperations II

(Optional)(Optional)

Presented by: Law Hing Man

(11 Dec 2001)

7.1 Overview of Using Spreadsheet as a Teaching and Learning tool

Spreadsheet is not just a tool for handling marks and statistics.

Spreadsheet can be used in teaching and learning.

By using charts, auto-recalculation and macro, spreadsheet can be used to develop an Interactive Learning Environment (ILE).

7.2 Creating and Formatting ChartsSteps to create a chart (Example1)Step1: Select the data to be included in the chart

(Including column and row labels)

Step2: Click the Chart wizard button (or select Insert -> Chart…)

Step 2

Step 1

Step3: Select the Chart type and click next.

Step4: Change the data range if necessary.

Step5: Key in title and axis labels

Step6: Select the location of your chart.

(either as a new sheet or as an object in an existing worksheet)

The changes in each item will interactively change the corresponding portion in the chart.

7.3 Spreadsheet as a “What-if” Analysis Tool

“What-if”What will happen to that if I change this.

Example 2Mortgage repayment analysisPMT(r,nper,loan) calculates the periodic payment of a loan where

r : Interest rate per periodnper : Number of paymentsloan : The amount of loan

A B

1 loan 2,000,000.00

2 Interest rate (p.a.) 3.00%

3 number of years 20

4 monthly payment 11,091.95

=-PMT(B2/12,B3*12,B1)

variables

By changing different variables, we will get different results.

What is the minimum number of years if one can only afford $10000 monthly repayment?

Example 3 – Mark Adjustment

A B C D E

1 Name Test1 Test2 Term Mark

2 MARY 21 45

3 PETER 45 76

4 JOHN 56 34

5 HELEN 43 65

6 KITTY 45 56

=(B2+C2)/2

If we want to adjust the marks by multiplying a weight, we can change the cell D2 to =(B2+C2)/2*$E$1 and put a weight to E1.

Copy

Relative Address A relative address in a formula is the location

of the specified cell or range relative to the cell that contains the formula.

If you copy a formula that contains a relative address, Excel adjusts the address to reflect the new location.

For example, if you type =A2 in A4, it means “2 cells up”. If you copy the contents of A4 to B5, the contents of B5 will be =B3, still “2 cells up”.

Absolute Address An absolute address in a formula (specified

by “$” before both column letter and row number in the cell address) is the specified range or cell address.

If you copy a formula that contains an absolute address, the address does not change.

For example, if you type =$A$2 in A4, it means A2. If you then copy the contents of A4 to B5, the contents of B5 will still be =$A$2.

Mixed Address A mixed address in a formula is an address

that contains both relative and absolute references.

If you copy a formula that contains a mixed address, Excel adjusts the relative part, but not absolute part.

For example, if you type =$A2 in A4, column A is absolute and row 2 is relative. If you then copy the formula from cell A4 to B5, the contents of B5 will be =$A3.

Challenge Problem 1

* Construction of a multiplication table.a) Fill the numbers 1 to 10 into range A2 to A11b)Fill the numbers 1 to 10 into range B1 to K1c) Enter a formula in B2 (? Formula)d)Copy the formula in c) to the range B2 to K11 to complete the table.

A B C D E F G H I J K

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2 1

3 2

4 3

5 4

6 5

7 6

8 7

9 8

10 9

11 10

=$A2*B$1

Challenge Problem 2* Construction of a mortgage table.

a) Fill the numbers 2.00% to 4.00% (interval=0.25%) into range A2 to A10.b) Fill the numbers 5 to 30 (interval=5) into range B1 to G1c) A1 stores the loan (say 100,000)d) Enter a formula in B2 (? Formula)e) Copy the formula in c) to the range B2 to G10 to complete the table.

A B C D E F G

1 100,000 5 10 15 20 25 30

2 2.00%

3 2.25%

4 2.50%

5 2.75%

6 3.00%

7 3.25%

8 3.50%

9 3.75%

10 4.00%

7.4 Spreadsheet as a Tool for Developing Explorative Learning Environment

Macro

Macro is a series of commands that Excel carries out automatically.

Step1: Select Tools->Macro->Record New Macro

Record a Macro

Step2: In the Macro Name Box, fill in a name.

Step3: [Optional]Short Cut Key, Store Macro In

Step4: Click the OK button.

Step5: Carry out the actions that you want to recordStep6: Click the Stop Macro button.

[ To record a Macro with relative address, click the option Relative Reference before Step 5.]

Stop Macro button

Execute a MacroStep1: Select Tools->Macro->Macro…

Step2: In the Macro Name Box, select a name.

Step3: Click the Run button.

OR Press Short Cut KeyRun button

Edit a MacroStep1: Select Tools->Macro->Macro…

Step2: In the Macro Name Box, select a name.

Step3: Click the Edit button.

Step4: Make the necessary changes.

Edit button

Create a Macro By Visual Basic

Macro is actually written in Visual Basic, so you may create macro by yourself.

For more information about Simple Visual Basic, you may refer to my homepage.

For more advanced VB, refer to other references.

Challenge Problem 3

Develop an ILE for students learning the relationship between two quantities (say x and y) by using macro.

Challenge Problem 4 Develop an ILE for solving the following

problem.

A student has $90. He wants to buy hotdogs and drinks. The price for hotdog is $7@ and that for drink is $5@. The number of drinks should be half of the number of hotdogs. What is the maximum number of hotdogs and drinks that the student can buy?

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