Post on 21-Feb-2022
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Types of Muscle Contractions
Learner's Module in SPS 7
Quarter 1 ● Module 3
SALVATORE L. DOGAONG Developer
Department of Education • Cordillera Administrative Region
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Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Cordillera Administrative Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BAGUIO CITY Military Cut-off, Baguio City
Published by: DepEd Schools Division of Baguio City
Curriculum Implementation Division
COPYRIGHT NOTICE 2020
Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
However, prior approval of the government agency of office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”
This material has been developed for the implementation of K-12 Curriculum through
the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)—Learning Resource Management and
Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for educational purposes and
the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an edited
version, an enhancement or a supplementary work are permitted provided all original
work is acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be derived from
this material for commercial purposes and profit.
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PREFACE
This module is a project of the Curriculum Implementation Division particularly
the Learning Resource Management and Development Unit, Department of
Education, Schools Division of CAR which is in response to the implementation of the
K to 12 Curriculum.
This Learning Material is a property of the Department of Education- CID,
Schools Division of CAR. It aims to improve students’ performance specifically in
Special Program in Sports.
Date of Development September 2020
Resource Location DepEd Schools Division of Baguio City
Learning Area Special Program in Sports
Grade Level 7
Learning Resource Type Module
Language English
Quarter/Week Quarter 1 /Week 4
Learning Competency Code SPS_BM7-Ie-6
Learning Competency Differentiate the types of muscular
contractions
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The developer wishes to express her gratitude to those who help in the development
of this learning material. The fulfillment of this learning material would not be possible without
these people who gave their support, helping hand and cooperation:
The developer extends her fullest gratitude and appreciation to Nicodemus B. Gam-
ad and Ortez D. Gabol for their constant support and insightful comments and suggestions in
the development of the learning material.
To her colleague in the Grade 7 for their excellent ideas and suggestions in the
proposed learning activities.
And to all in one way or the other help me to finish this learning material. Thank you
and May God be with you all.
Development Team
Developer Salvatore L. Dogaong Illustrator Charlie L. Dogaong Editor and Layout Artist Jennifer C. Pinlac
Reviewed Jeanie Claire Piggangay, PhD Regional EPS – MAPEH
School Learning Resources Management Committee
Brenda M. Carińo School Head / Principal
Ortez D. Gabol Subject / Learning Area Specialist
Sherwin Fernando School LR Coordinator
Quality Assurance Team
Lolita A. Manzano, Ed.D. EPS – MAPEH
Nino M. Tibangay, Ed.D. PSDS – District III
Learning Resource Management Section Staff
Loida C. Mangangey EPS – LRMDS
Victor A. Fernandez Education Program Specialist II - LRMDS
Christopher David G. Oliva Project Development Officer II – LRMDS
Priscilla A. Dis-iw Librarian II
Lily B. Mabalot Librarian I
CONSULTANTS
JULIET C. SANNAD, EdD
Chief Education Supervisor – CID
SORAYA T. FACULO, PhD
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
MARIE CAROLYN B. VERANO, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COPYRIGHT NOTICE…………………………………………..……...…..….... ii
PREFACE.………………………………………………………………...…….… iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT……………………………………………….…….…..... iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS...…………………………………………….……..….. v
Types of Muscle Contractions…………………………………………………. 1
What I Need to Know…………………………………………………………….. 2
What I Know ………………………………………………………….…………... 3
What’s In ………………………………………………………….………………. 5
What’s New ………………………………………………………….…………… 5
Activity 1 Poem …………………………………………………………... 5
What is It ………………………………………………………….………………. 6
What’s More ………………………………………………………….…………... 8
Activity 1 Scrambled Letters …………………...………………………. 8
Activity 2 True or False ……………………………………………........ 9
Activity 3 Matching Type….…………………………………………....... 9
What I Have Learned ……………………………………………………………. 10
Activity 1: Fill in the Blanks… …………………...………………………. 10
What I Can Do ……………………………………………………….…….…….. 11
Assessment …………………...…………………………………………………. 13
ANSWER KEY……………………………………………………………………. 15
REFERENCES…………………………………………………...…….…….…... 16
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Types of Muscle Contractions
Learner's Module in SPS 7
Quarter 1 ● Module 3
SALVATORE L. DOGAONG Developer
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What I Need to Know
This module is designed to provide you with essential knowledge, skills, and
attitude in understanding the basic concepts of muscle contraction which is very
relevant for you learners and athletes.
This module begins with a pre-assessment for you to have an overview of the
lesson followed by a series of activities which will allow you to understand simple
concepts leading to more challenging ones. At the end of every activity, assessment
tasks are provided to check your level of understanding and at the end of the lesson,
a post-assessment is provided to evaluate your over-all understanding of the module.
This module is designed for you beloved learners to guide you to achieve the
prescribed learning competencies for this lesson. It also aims to provide you lessons
which are clear, accurate and easy to understand. May you find it helpful, interesting,
and enjoyable.
At the end of this module, you were able to:
• Identify and differentiates the different types of muscular contractions
• Apply the different muscular contractions in the given exercise’s activity
• Recognize the importance of the different contractions in their
training/exercises
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What I Know
Let us determine how much you know the different types of muscle contraction.
You are requested to read and analyze each statement carefully. Choose the best
answer and write the letter of your answer on your answer sheet.
Pre-assessment
______1. What do we call the contractions and exercises performed using special
design machine?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____2. What do we call the contractions that changes the muscles length?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____3. What do we call the contractions that generate force without changing the
muscle length?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____4. Who introduced Isokinetic?
A. W. Morgan C. J.J. Perrine
B. J. Naismith D. J.M. Chan
_____5. What contraction occurs when a muscle contraction is opposed by
resistance?
A. Yielding C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____6. When performing bicep curl, what muscle contraction is being applied?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____7. Mr. Felix use the Tread Mill in running because it is raining. What muscle
contraction is being applied?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____8. How do you classify push wall lunges exercise?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
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_____9. What is the meaning of “ISO” in Isometric?
A. Stay C. Different
B. Same D. None
_____10. Which of the following is an example of isotonic contraction?
A. Push Wall C. Planking
B. Squats D. Side Plank
_____11. Which of the following is an example of yielding?
A. Push Wall C. Planking
B. Squats D. None of the above
_____12. In bicep curl, when lifting the weights, what kind of isotonic contraction is
being performed?
A. Concentric C. Both
B. Eccentric D. None
In items, number 13-15 analyze the picture below.
_____13. What type of muscle contraction is being applied in the quadriceps?
A. Concentric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Eccentric
_____14. What type of muscle contraction is being applied in the hamstring?
A. Concentric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Eccentric
_____15. What type of muscle contraction is being applied in the gastrocnemius?
A. Concentric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Eccentric
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What’s In
You have learned the motions across the different planes. You are expected to
identify and describe sagittal, frontal, and transverse plane. Let us now proceed to our
next topic which is different types of muscle contraction.
Athletes perform different types of exercises during trainings and competitions.
These are needed to warm their body up to perform better and at least to be free from
injury. They do dynamic and static exercises. In their movement involves muscle
contractions, it may lengthen or shorten the muscles or make the muscle stiff or
relaxed.
What’s New
Activity 1. Read the poem and encircle your answer to the questions below.
When the Gym Runs Out of Weights -Simon George
When the Gym runs out of weights, I will lift my son.
He weighs about 100 pounds or so,
And it would give me a good workout
To lift him up and down as one would lift a barbell.
My son would stay quiet and rigid while I lift him up and down
And roar furiously as my muscles consume me
He is a good boy.
He would stay very still and would be
A decent substitute for the weights I will miss dearly.
When the Gym runs out of weights, I’ll lift Gordon.
He is my neighbor, and he once told me
That he would never let me bench-press him,
But I think he was kidding.
I’d really have to push myself to the limit
When I am lifting my neighbor Gordon up and down to grow stronger.
1. What organs of the body does the author want to go stronger?
(muscle, stomach, skeleton)
2. When the gym runs out of weights, what did the author use as substitute
weights? (barbell, weight of his son, sack of rice)
3. How does the author lift his son and his neighbor Gordon? (side by side,
diagonally, up and down)
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What is it
Now let us see the essence of what you did in the previous activity. As we learn
the concepts and terms in the different types of muscle contractions, let us also
remember to include them in our exercises or training.
TYPES OF MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS
ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONS
-isotonic contractions maintain constant tension in the muscle as the muscle
changes length. Isotonic muscle contractions can be either concentric or eccentric
CONCENTRIC CONTRACTIONS
-a concentric contraction is a type of muscle contraction in which the
muscles shorten while generating force, overcoming resistance. For example, when
lifting a heavy weight, a concentric contraction of the biceps would cause the arm to
bend at the elbow, lifting the weight towards the shoulder. Cross bridge cycling occurs,
shortening the sarcomere, muscle fiber, and the muscle.
ECCENTRIC CONTRACTIONS
-an eccentric contraction results in the elongation of a muscle while the
muscle is still generating force; in effect, resistance is greater than force generated.
Eccentric contractions can be both voluntary and involuntary. For example, a voluntary
eccentric contraction would be the controlled lowering of the heavy weight raised
during the above concentric contraction. An involuntary eccentric contraction may
occur when a weight is too great for a muscle to bear and so it is slowly lowered while
under tension. Cross-bridge cycling occurs even though the sarcomere, muscle fiber,
and muscle are lengthening, controlling the extension of the muscle.
Concentric Contraction Eccentric Contraction
Concentric Contraction
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ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS
“Iso”- same, “Metr”-distance
In contrast to isotonic contractions, isometric contractions generate force
without changing the length of the muscle, common in the muscles of the hand and
forearm responsible for grip. Using the above example, the muscle contraction
required to grip but not move a heavy object prior to lifting would be isometric.
Isometric contractions are frequently used to maintain posture.
Isometric Contraction
Isometric contractions are sometimes described as yielding or overcoming.
YIELDING - contraction occurs when a muscle contraction is opposed by
resistance. For example, when holding a heavy weight steady, neither raising nor
lowering it.
OVERCOMING-contraction occurs when a muscle contraction is opposed by
an immovable object, such as the contraction generated in the muscles when pushing
against the wall.
In both instances, cross-bridge cycling is maintaining tension in the muscle; the
sarcomere, muscle fibers, and the muscle are not changing length
ISOKINETIC CONTRACTIONS
“Iso”-same, “Kinetic”-motion
Introduced by J.J. Perrine in 1968, contractions and exercises are done using
specially design machine and are combination of isotonic and isometric exercises.
Machines allow for maximum resistance over the complete range of motion.
These types of movements are usually applied in water sports, skating,
climbing, running etc.
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What’s More
Hoping you have read all the concepts and terms in the different types of
contraction. To test your understanding. Answer the different activities. Write your
answer in the answer sheet.
Activity 1: Rearrange the scrambled letters to identify what is being asked. Write your
answer in the answer sheet.
1. INETICSKIO ONSACTITRACON =__________________________contractions
and exercises are done using specially design machine
2. OTOSINIC ASNOTICTNOCA =___________________________contractions
maintain constant tension in the muscle as the muscle changes length.
3. ITRISCEMO ITONASTCNOAC =___________________________contractions
generate force without changing the length of the muscle.
4. MINGCOREVO =_________________________________________contraction
is opposed by an immovable object
5. CENTCIRCON SNOITCARTNOC =___________________________contraction
in which the muscles shorten while generating force
Activity 2: True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the
statement is wrong.
_______1. In sit-ups, the contraction in the core muscle when going up is concentric
contraction.
_______2. Running in the tread mill is an example of isokinetic contraction.
_______3. Lifting a bow and holding it for 20 seconds is an example of isometric
contraction
_______4. Push wall is an example of overcoming in isometric contraction.
_______5. Eccentric contraction results in the elongation of a muscle.
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Activity 3: Matching Type. Match the type of contractions in column A to the sample
exercises in column B.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
TERMS SAMPLE EXERCISE
___1. Eccentric Contraction
a. contraction of abdominal muscles while doing
sit-ups and the movement is going down
___2. Concentric Contraction
b. contraction of abdominal muscles while doing
sit-ups and the movement is going up
___3. Overcoming
c. contraction of the calf while pushing a wall for 16
seconds.
___4. Yielding
d. contraction of the deltoid muscles when holding
a bow for 20 seconds.
___5. Isokinetic Contraction
e. running in the tread mill
What I Have Learned
Activity 2: Complete the diagram below. Write your answer sheet
Types of Muscle
Contraction
1._________________
________
2._________________
____
3.________________
____________
4._________________
_________
Eccentric
Contraction
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What I Can Do
Activity 1: The Promise. Give your promise by filling-up the blank.
As ____________________ athlete, I promise to perform or include in my (event)
daily training the __________, _______________, _____________, ____________
(give at least 4 isotonic exercises)
exercise, also I will not ignore my _____________, _____________,____________. (give at least 3 isometric exercises)
If I have special equipment like stationary bike I will do ___________and ________ (isokinetic exercises)
By doing this I will become…
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Activity 2: “Do It your Self”. Perform the following exercises and answer the
processing questions.
1. Squats
1. 2.
Processing questions:
a. How did you find the activity?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
b. How does your quadriceps and hamstring move when going down?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
Procedure: 1. From standing position, lower your
buttocks until you are in sitting position.
2. From sitting position, go back to
standing position. 3. Do it for at least 15 repetitions.
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2. Planking
Processing questions:
a. Which part of the body is being developed in this exercise? Why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
b. What type of contraction is being applied in this exercise? Why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Procedure: Lie on the floor with your toes
and forearms on the ground. Keep your body straight and hold this position for 45 seconds.
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Post-assessment
Choose the best answer and write the letter of your answer on your answer sheet.
_____1. Which of the following is an example of yielding?
A. Push Wall C. Planking
B. Squats D. None of the above
_____2. In bicep curl, when lifting the weights, what kind of isotonic contraction is
being performed?
A. Concentric C. Both
B. Eccentric D. None
In items, number 3-5 analyze the picture below.
_____3. What type of muscle contraction is being applied in the quadriceps?
A. Concentric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Eccentric
_____4. What type of muscle contraction is being applied in the hamstring?
A. Concentric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Eccentric
_____5. What type of muscle contraction is being applied in the gastrocnemius?
A. Concentric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Eccentric
_____6. When performing bicep curl, what muscle contraction is being applied?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
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_____7. Mr. Felix use the Tread Mill in running because it is raining. What muscle
contraction is being applied?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____8. How do you classify push wall lunges exercise?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
_____9. What is the meaning of “ISO” in Isometric?
A. Stay C. Different
B. Same D. None
_____10. Which of the following is an example of isotonic contraction?
A. Push Wall C. Planking
B. Squats D. Side Plank
______11. What do we call the contractions and exercises performed using special
design machine?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
______12. What do we call the contractions that changes the muscles length?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
______13. What do we call the contractions that generate force without changing the
muscle length?
A. Isometric C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
______14. Who introduced Isokinetic?
A. W. Morgan C. J.J. Perrine
B. J. Naismith D. J.M. Chan
______15. What contraction occurs when a muscle contraction is opposed by
resistance?
A. Yielding C. Isokinetic
B. Overcoming D. Isotonic
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Key Answer
Pre-Assessment 1.C 6.D 11. C 2.D 7.B 12. A 3.A 8.B 13. D 4.C 9.B 14. A 5.A 10.B 15. A Review 1. MUSCLE 2. HIS SON AND GORDON 3. UP AND DOWN Enrichment Activity Activity 1 Activity 2 1.ISOKINETIC CONTRACTION 1.ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION 2.ISOTONIC CONTRACTION 2.ISOTONIC CONTRACTION 3.ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION 3.ISOKINETIC CONTRACTION 4.OVERCOMING 4.CONCENTRIC CONTRACTION 5.CONCENTRIC CONTRACTION Activity 2 Activity 3 1. TRUE 1.A 2. TRUE 2.B 3. TRUE 3.C 4. TRUE 4.D 5. TRUE 5.E What I Have Learned Activity 2 1.ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION 2.ISOTONIC CONTRACTION 3.ISOKINETIC CONTRACTION 4.CONCENTRIC CONTRACTION Post-Assessment 1.C 6.D 11. C 2.A 7.B 12. D 3.D 8.B 13. A 4.A 9.B 14. C 5.A 10.B 15. A
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References Clickhole. “When the Gym Runs out of Weights”. Accessed on September 17, 2020.
https://clickhole.com/7-weightlifting-poems-that-will-get-you-pumped-
1825120387/.
Medicine LibreTexts. “Types of Muscle Contractions: Isotonic and Isometric” . 2020.
Accessed on September 11, 2020.
https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Book%3A_
Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Boundless)/9%3A_Muscular_System/9.3%3A_Co
ntrol_of_Muscle_Tension/9.3E%3A_Types_of_Muscle_Contractions%3A_Isot
onic_and_Isometric.
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education-Cordillera Administrative Region
Schools Division of Baguio City
No. 82 Military Cut-off Road, Baguio City
Telefax: 442-7819
Email Address: depedbaguio@gmail.com
Social Media: facebook.com/DepEdTayoBaguioCity