Types of MatterTypes of Matter

The Matter Flow Chart

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

MatterAnything with mass and volume

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

Pureone single type of matter

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

MatterAnything with mass and volume

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

Elements Compounds

Pureone single type of matter

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

MatterAnything with mass and volume

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

MatterAnything with mass and volume

MatterAnything with mass and volume

Pureone single type of matter

Pureone single type of matter

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

ElementsElements CompoundsCompounds HomogeneousHomogeneous HeterogeneousHeterogeneous

The ElementsThe Elements

Matter composed of only one kind of atom, where all atoms of the same kind have the same properties.

The ElementsThe Elements

90 different types exist naturally on Earth Almost all known matter is composed of them Common examples: H He O2 Na Cl Fe Au

sodium chlorine

The ElementsThe Elements An elemental substance can not be broken down by chemical processes

An elemental substance can not be converted into a different element by chemical processes

“allotropes” of pure carbon

graphite diamond charcoal

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

MatterAnything with mass and volume

MatterAnything with mass and volume

Pureone single type of matter

Pureone single type of matter

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

ElementsElements CompoundsCompounds HomogeneousHomogeneous HeterogeneousHeterogeneous

CompoundsCompounds

Two or more different types of elements - chemically bonded together - in fixed proportions.

CompoundsCompounds

Common Examples:

C8H18

octane

C12H22O11

sugarC8H10N4O2

caffeine

H2OCO2

COCH4

NaCl

CompoundsCompounds

What determines the compound: • The elements involved• The ratio of the elements

H2O vs H2O2

CO2 vs CON2O vs NO2

CO vs Co

CompoundsCompounds

To form a compound (from its elements)- or -

to separated a compound (into its elements)

a chemical reaction is needed!

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

Elements Compounds

Pureone single type of matter

Homogeneous Heterogeneous

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

MatterAnything with mass and volume

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

A mixture that is uniform in its properties through out any given sample.

It is completely mixed!

“Solutions”

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

Examples: Solids

Alloys - metallic mixtures• Brass (Cu and Zn)• Bronze (Cu and Sn)• Steel (Fe, C, etc.)• Pewter (97% Sn, Cu, Bi) (Used to be Pb and Sn)

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

Examples: Liquids • salt water• tea• sugar water• pop• apple juice

The liquid must be “clearly transparent”

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

Examples: Gases

• Air (N2 and O2, and others)

• “Trimix” (N2, He and O2 for deep scuba)

• Any combination of gases will mix thoroughly

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

Separated by physical processes:

Examples: Evaporation

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

Separated by physical processes:

Examples: Reverse Osmosis

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

Separated by physical processes:

Examples: Distillation

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

Elements Compounds

Pureone single type of matter

Homogeneous Heterogeneous

Mixturetwo or more types of matter

MatterAnything with mass and volume

Heterogeneous MixturesHeterogeneous Mixtures

A mixture that consists of physically distinct parts, each with different properties.

Not mixed very well!

“Chunky”

Heterogeneous MixturesHeterogeneous Mixtures

Examples:

• Granite• Rocky Road Ice Cream• Soil• Lasagna• Oatmeal

Heterogeneous MixturesHeterogeneous Mixtures

Also separated by physical processes:

• Filtration• Floatation• Also, any method that works on homogeneous mixtures, would also work on heterogeneous mixtures

Examples:

Matter Flow ChartMatter Flow Chart

E le m e n ts C o m p o un ds

P ureo n e s in g le typ e o f m a tte r

H o m o ge n eo us H e te rog en eo us

M ixturetw o o r m o re type s o f m a tte r

M atterA n y th in g w ith m a ss a nd vo lu m e

POP QUIZPOP QUIZ

Element Compound Homogeneous Heterogeneous

1) Sand from a beach2) Water3) Aluminum4) Bronze5) Iron6) Steel

7) Nitrogen8) The gases in air9) Gasoline10) Oxygen11) Pop (without bubbles)