TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

Prepared by Mr. Kore P. N.W. I. T. Solapur

MASONRY

It is defined as the construction with certain blocks or pieces bounded together in a matrix so as form a single united monolithic solid mass

Materials:

Blocks: a) Stone b) bricks c) Precast concrete

Matrix: a) Mud Mortar b) Lime Mortar

c) cement Mortar

TYPES OF MASONRY

Stone Masonry

Brick Masonry

Block Masonry

Reinforced Masonry

Composite Masonry

STONE MASONRY

Easily available material

Stone Masonry is building a structure using as a block material.

Use: Forts, Palaces, Buildings

Stone Quarry

Blasting in stone quarry

DRESSING OF STONE

ChiselHammer

Dressing of Stone

Modern Tools

CLASSIFICATION OF STONE MASONRY

Uncoursed Random Rubble Masonry

Coursed Random Rubble Masonry

Rubble Masonry

Uncoursed Random Rubble Masonry

Uncoursed Squared Rubble Masonry

Coursed Squared Rubble Masonry

Polygonal Rubble Masonry

Flint Rubble Masonry

Dry Rubble Masonry

ASHLAR MASONRY

Ashlar Masonry

Ashlar block in coarse

USE OF STONE MASONRY

Dams, Building foundations, Temples, Monumental works

Building columns, piers, pillars etc.

Light Houses and architectural work

Arches, domes, lintels, beams etc.

The use of this masonry is restricted due to high transportation cost and handling cost.

EXAMPLES

BRICK MASONRY

• This Masonry uses artificially manufactured building blocks known as bricks

• Indian Standard (I.S.) Brick Size: 190 mm x 90 mm x 90 mm• Nominal Size: 200 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm• 65 % silica and 30 % Alumina

Pure Silica AluminaSilica

BRICK KILN

Open Kiln

Tunnel Kiln

TYPES OF BRICKS

Ordinary Brick

Fire Brick

Header

Stretcher

Header

Stretcher

Load Transfer Mechanism Bricks-pyramid

Stretcher Bond

Header Bond

TYPES OF BOND

Flemish Bond

Flemish Bond

English Bond

BLOCK CONCRETE MASONRY

REINFORCED BRICK MASONRY

Reinforcement in the form of mild steel flats, hoop iron, expanded wire mesh is provided to the brick masonry to increase the strength.

REINFORCED BRICK MASONRY

COMPOSITE MASONRY

MORTAR

Cement Mortar

Lime Mortar

POINTING

It is the process of finishing of the mortar joints of stone or brick masonry.

Use:•For Finishing external walls of the constructions.•To improve the appearance of the structure.•For the protection of exposed surface from weathering effects.•It is the rectification of defective workmanship.

Process:The mortar joints are racked to a depth of 10 mm, loose mortar is removed from them and refilled by fresh and rich mortar.

PLASTERING

It is the process of covering the internal and external surfaces of masonry, particularly brick masonry with a thin layer of mortar (plaster)