Treatment of HIV/AIDSLindsay Henry

• Prevention methods for HIV/AIDS?

• Are barrier methods 100% effective?

• What is the most effective barrier method?

• How do you support and talk about HIV/AIDS?

• Do you tell your partner(s) you are HIV/AIDS positive?

Let's Review

What will we learn?

• What treatments are available for HIV/AIDS patients?

• What precautions should I take if I am HIV/AIDS positive?

• How can I stay healthy while being HIV/AIDS positive?

• How can opportunistic infections affect my health if I am HIV/AIDS positive?

What treatments are available for HIV/AIDS?

• ARV drugso Antiretroviral drugs- these drugs

keep viral counts low.

• Therapeutic and Preventative Vaccineso These are being studied by

researchers

• THERE IS NO CURE

ARV Drugs

• These drugs are used in combination to reduce viral counts of HIV/AIDS.

• Suppresses virus so patient can live a more normal life.

• Prevents different steps in HIV/AIDS replication!

• ARVS are the only thing approved by the FDA to manage HIV/AIDS!

How ARVs Work

ARV Drugs

• Once ARVs are started, YOU MUST KEEP TAKING THEM for them to be effective.

• They are effective in reducing the viral count of HIV/AIDS in the bloodstream.

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Bloodstream

HIV Virus

Patient's blood who is not on Antiretroviral Drugs

Bloodstream

HIV Virus

Patient's blood who is on Antiretroviral Drugs

Lets watch this

Understanding HIV: Getting Treatment

What precautions should I take if I am HIV/AIDS positive?

• Use protection if you decide to engage in sexual activities.

• Do not have sex with multiple partners.

• If you are on ARV drugs, take them as directed by your doctor.

Precautions for HIV/AIDS Patients

• Do not donate blood!

• Stay healthy and active!

• Avoid being around people with chronic illnesses or infections.

Precautions for HIV/AIDS Patients

Staying Healthy

People with HIV/AIDS have compromised immune systems, so staying healthy is important!

What does being healthy mean and how do I become healthy?

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Being Healthy

• You can be healthy and stay healthy by:o Exercising daily.o Taking your medications as your

doctor prescribes them.o Taking a multivitamin every day.o Eating enough food and the right

kinds of food (such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains).

Being Healthy

• Eating fruits and vegetables especially helps fight off certain types of illnesses, such as colds.

• Sleep enough! (8-9 hours is optimal)

Remember, the less our body tries to fight off infection, the better we feel. When we have less illnesses, our bodies feel better!

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What are opportunistic infections?

Opportunistic infections are infections that "take advantage" of an HIV patient's already weakened immune system.

? What does this mean? ?

Opportunistic Infections

This means that:1.These infections make an HIV patient

feel sicker and cause potentially devastating illnesses.

2.If our immune system is weakened, we cannot fight off infections very well.

3.These infections can ultimately lead to death for an HIV/AIDS patient.

Opportunistic Infections

Implications for HIV Patients:1.If an HIV patient contracts an

opportunistic infection, they are considered to have AIDS.

2.These infections severely weaken the immune system, causing the body to fail.

3.Treating HIV/AIDS after contracting an opportunistic infection is extremely difficult.

Staying healthy can eliminate your risk of contracting one of these

infections!Listed below are examples opportunistic

infections (AIDS.org, 2013):

• Tuberculosis

• Recurrent Pneumonia

• Certain cancers

• Thrush

Let's watch this

When HIV moves to AIDS

This video discusses how opportunistic infections lead to AIDS, as well as how certain cancers and T-cell counts determine HIV/AIDS status.

Research Assignment You will now work as a "HIV/AIDS

Mythbuster"!For this assignment, you will:

•Choose an HIV/AIDS myth from the choices I give you.

•Find reliable sources that prove that the myth selected is false.

•Write a one page paper explaining why the myth is false and where you gathered your information from.

Reliable Health Information Sources

What is a reliable source?

A reliable source is a place where you can find accurate, proven, and trustworthy information from an accredited or published organization or author.

Reliable Health Information Sources

Some reliable and trustworthy health information sources include:

• CDC (Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention)

• WHO (World Health Organization)

• NIH (National Institutes of Health)

• PubMed

Reliable Health Information Sources

Why are these sources considered reliable?

•Accredited

•Scientific

•Research based

•List resources used

•Dedicated to health information

•Health professionals use these websites for health information

Lets look at an example

Here is an example of a reliable source:

http://www.cdc.gov/std/hiv/default.htm

Here is an example of an unreliable source:

http://thetalkingdrum.com/aids.html

Reliable websites

Many reliable websites will have:

• .org, .edu, .gov, or .int at the end of the URL

•Sources listed and easily accessible

•Accurate and scientific information

•Authors with extensive backgrounds in health or medicine

Resources

I will show you a document where you can find reliable sources if you are struggling!

Assignment

• You will write a one page research paper disproving an HIV/AIDS myth that you choose.o Double spaced, size 12 font

• You must use at least 2 reliable sources and cite them!

• I will show you an example of how I would like you to cite your resources.

Citing Sources

For this paper, you will cite like this:

• If you used the CDC website as a resource for example, copy the URL and paste at the end of your paper as a separate page titled, "Works Cited" or "Resources".

Citing Sources

Here's an example of a works cited from my sample paper:

Works Citedhttp://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/qa/transmission.htmhttp://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/prevention/reduce-your-risk/pregnancy-and-childbirth/

Citing Sources

• For in text citations, list the organization or author and the date that the page was last updated or edited. Here's an example from my sample paper:

"...sharing of intravenous drug needles, the birthing process, and even breast feeding because of the transmission through breast milk (CDC, 2010). "

I will show you the myths you can choose

from now!

Post Quiz 5

Quiz 5

1. What is one type of medical treatment available for HIV/AIDS?

A. Miracle pill that cures HIV/AIDS

B. ARV Drugs

C. Simple vitamins

D. Surgery

Quiz 5

2. Is there a cure for HIV/AIDS?

A. YES

B. YES, but it is not approved yet.

C. NOD. I do not know

Quiz 5

3. What is the goal of ARV Drugs?

A. To cure HIV/AIDS

B. To keep an HIV/AIDS patient healthier longer

C. To reduce amount of HIV virus in patient's body

D. Both B and C

Quiz 5

4. What is a precaution I should take if I am HIV positive?

A. Use protection when engaging in sexual activities

B. Do not let people drink after me

C. Eat whatever I want

D. Have sex with many partners

Quiz 5

5. If you are HIV positive, should you donate blood?

A. YES

B. NO

Quiz 5

6. What should you do to keep your immune system functioning properly?

A. Sleep enough!

B. Eat enough!

C. Eat fruits and vegetable every day.

D. All of the above

Quiz 5

7. What is an opportunistic infection?

A. An opportunity to have unprotected sex

B. Infection that "takes advantage" of an HIV patient's already weakened immune system.

C. I do not know

Quiz 5

8. When is an HIV patient considered to have AIDS?

A. When their white blood cell counts are extremely low.

B. If they contract an opportunistic infection.

C. If they develop certain cancers.

D. All of the above

Quiz 5 Answers

1. B2. C3. D4. A5. B6. D7. B8. D

More information

If you are interested in learning more about the topics presented or have questions, please see the extended resources document for this lesson.

References"AIDS Information, Education, Action, Awareness | OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS."AIDS Information, Education, Action, Awareness :OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS. AIDS.org, 2013. Web. 21 Feb. 2013. <http://www.aids.org/topics/aids-factsheets/aids-background-information/what-is-aids/hiv-testing/cd4-t-cell-tests/opportunistic-infections/>.