Post on 03-Apr-2018
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Translation 3 Week 3Environment
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Bahasa Indonesia ->English translation
2 modules : 3 & 4
Same translation ruleapplies (explainedpreviously)
Articles
Definite : non-specific ornon-particular nouns ->a/an
Indefinite : specific orparticular nouns -> the
Time of event ->grammar
Differentiate active /passive sentence ->point to emphasize?
Introduction
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1st sentence
emphasis on COP6
(object) -> see level
of details
Mod 3 Txt 1 Par 1
Kyoto ProtocolThe Kyoto
The United States,
The European Union
Less than
Would be180
Decrease
their (COM)
to (COM)
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3-1-2
methane
. This fuel is
used (COM)
p.s. note between vs among. Between is for
1-1 relationship. Among is for group, mass or
collective entity relationship.
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Most without an article is used as an adjective,
which means almost all, ex :
They ate mostof the cake.
Mostdays I go for a jog.
It can also be used to form the superlative where it
can go in front of an adverb, ex : He objected to the
results of the election most strongly.
The most is used to form the superlative where it
goes in front of longer adjectives, ex : The Miss
World competition is held every year to findthe
mostbeautiful woman in the world
3-1-3
the most
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3-1-4
the
unrestrictedly
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3-1-5
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3-1-6
unwilling
It eventuall
Nov 00 May 01March 01
Fail+continue+postpone (1)
Fail+continue (2) postpone (2)
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Type 3 if-clause, imaginingsomething different happened inthe past (impossible to fulfil)
If [past perfect], [present perfect]
If Japan had not ratified the KyotoProtocol, it would have beenalmost certain that COP6+ in
Bonn was useless
3-1-6(2)
sufficient
to implement
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Indonesia -> English
Per paragraph
Translate in 60 seconds (stopwatch aided) Answer key will appear afterwards
Corrections & explanations as necessary
Compare your answers Ready ?
Formative Test
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Translate each
paragraph less than 60
seconds
Formative Test 1 par 1
It is feared -> tidak ada di teksIndonesia ttapi berfungsi sbgemphasis, membentuk kalimatpembuka paragraf, dan tidak
mengubah makna
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FT 1-2
lack of knowledge
, even perhaps, basic
geological
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FT 1-3
especially
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FT 1-5
Utilizes soil
The excavated hills are
also often made into
industry and housing
area.
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FT 1-4
land
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FT 1-6
Moreover, many developersstart working on theirproject before their licenseapplications are approved.
Unfortunately, thegovernment district nevertakes any strict actionagainst them, said Robert.
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From a distance (remember article a/an/the)
Smoke = asap. Kabut = fog / haze
hide = menyembunyikan. Use proper synonim,
conceal
some tidak perlu
Was cruising -> cruises. Lihat kesetaraan
grammar dgn kalimat sebelum dan sesudahnya
Beautifully = dengan cantik. Dengan rapi =
neatly / picturesquely
4-1-2
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And -> interchangeablewith comma
But what about -> to
express emphasis oncontrasting comparison
The lakes spread (past
form) on
4-1-3
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With its Samosir Island
That is -> tidak perlu, dapatdiganti dengan comma
A world-famous natural resort
Besides -> ganti dengan In
addition Is -> danau bukan merupakan
pembangkit listrik; gantidengan has atau alsopowers
4-1-4
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Besides, not beside Also has
Southern
Dewata -> the island ofgods
All -> all of these / all theselakes
The lives of communities ->the communities living
4-1-5
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Susun ulang paragraf Berbicara mengenai kegunaan
danau secara umum
Lakes are sources of water notonly for household
requirements but also forfarming and animal husbandry.They are also the objects ofnatural resorts, culture andresearch activities.
4-1-6
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These natural resources
Deputy Chairman on
Destructive level ->
degree of destruction
4-1-7
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Above its capacity -> hilangkan
Besides -> ini kata sehari2. gunakan in addition.
To -> into
Continuation -> continuity / sustainability
Layout -> landscape
This potential -> lakes
Has caused some impacts such as -> has led toproblems like
The size and depth of lakes lessen -> reduction oflakes area and depth
4-1-8
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Have decreased = telah menurun.Telah menurunkan (membuatsesuatu menjadi menurun) =have degraded / reduced
Clean -> hilangkan
Replace 2nd sentence, free urselffrom grammatical and wordrestrictions -> Moreover, due tothe change in land use to tourismand housing, the naturalvegetation no longer functions to
prevent erosion.
4-1-9
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Moving -> shifting
High = tinggi ->gunakan severe(parah)
Cause -> causes (plural)
Happened on ->
occurred in
4-1-10
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Lake -> lakes (kepunyaan/milik)
Limitation -> limitations (jamak) Kalimat 2&3 menggunakan kata sehari2.
ubah menjadi : Thus, slowly but surely,
this leads to the loss of the lakes
ecosystem and depletion of groundwater
reserves. The lives of humans and other
creatures will be under threat as the
availability of clean water diminishes.
4-1-11
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Private = pribadi.
Perusahaan swasta =
private enterprises
Support each other ->
work together
(bekerjasama)
4-1-12
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Indonesia -> English
Per paragraph
Translate in 60 seconds (stopwatch aided) Answer key will appear afterwards
Corrections & explanations as necessary
Compare your answers
Ready ?
Formative Test
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FT 2-1
Although it has a mountainsname (p.s. berg = Dutch formountain)
Has a flat topography
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FT 2-2
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FT 2-3
was the first Dutch Cement Factory
erected after the
damaged
Provided a better living for the workers
at
and More than 1000
increases
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FT 2-4
To ask for license extension
So -> hilangkan
Comma -> and
ENCI Stop, to halt ENCI
Decision -> decisions (jamak)
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FT 2-5
how
For open information
for
Then open
expires
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FT 2-5a
Should be closed (passive).Their reason to go against thisfactory is because itconsumes the environment;causing the decline of landwaters surface, which driesup the valley and surroundingareas, and emits pollutedsmoke breathed (passive) bylocal residents.
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FT 2-6
Protest emerges while license decisionis on halt
Not -> yet any
Whether -> hilangkan
For sure -> is certain
Close -> to be closed (passive)
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