Towards Sustainability: Partnerships and Finance

The PEMSEA Experience

Towards Sustainability: Partnerships and Finance

The PEMSEA Experience

Chua Thia-EngChua Thia-Eng

Sustaining Environmental Management Efforts

Partnerships

Frameworks and platforms for collective action

Capacity

Sustained financial resources

Building Partnerships in Environmental Management

It is increasingly recognized that no single country, donor, agency or any individual effort can effectively resolve the environmental management problems of today including those of the coastal and marine environment.

Intergovernmental, inter-agency and inter-sectoral partnerships are key solutions to most environmental management problems encountered.

Types of Partnerships

Intergovernmental

Interagency

Intersectoral

Understanding Partnership

An agreement to work together to achieve common objectives

Dynamic process: a beginning and an end

Managed relationship

Time and patience

Requires nourishing and reassurance

Built on mutual interest and trust

Partnership and Participation

Share common objective: shared vision

A partner should

Share benefits: expertise, knowledge, financial resources

Share risks: uncertainties, failures

Involved and informed

Participating in major decision-making

Understand the objective, process and targets

Factors Driving Partnerships

Transboundary environmental impacts

Potential safety or environmental risks

Donor/project driven partnerships

Perceived needs for collective actions

PEMSEA’s Experience in Building

Partnerships and Sustainability

PEMSEA’s Experience in Building

Partnerships and Sustainability

Building partnerships at the local level Partnerships at work Building intergovernmental partnerships

Building Partners at the Local Level by Applying Integrated Coastal Management

The ICM Development and Implementation Cycle

ICM Framework and Process Builds Partnerships

Preparing

Refining & Consolidating

Implementing

Adopting

Developing

Initiating

11

22

33

44

55

66

PolicymakersScientists

Civil societyCommunitiesPrivate sector

NGOsMediaDonors

The ICM Framework

Organizational

Institutional arrangements

Legislative

Enforcement

The ICM Framework

Coastal profiling

Technical Support

Risk assessment and risk management

Natural resource damage assessment and valuation

Policy analysis

Data gathering and information management

Environmental investment analysis

Sea use zoning

The ICM Framework

Technical knowledge

Capacity building

Management and technical capability

Leadership

Project development and management

Financial management

The ICM Framework

Development and implementation of communication plans

Communication

Public awareness

Stakeholders participation

The ICM Framework

Policy reform

Development and implementation of coastal strategy

Strategies and action programs

Implementing strategies

The ICM Framework

Awareness campaign

Adoption and implementation of programs of actions

Work plan and budget

The ICM Framework

Performance indicators

Monitoring and evaluation

Evaluation process

Monitoring changes

The ICM Framework and Process

Allow the identification and involvement of a variety of stakeholders and partners

Enable the participation of partners at different stages of the ICM cycle

Allow time for maturing of partnership arrangement

Allow changing of unsuccessful partnership

Partnerships at Work

Interagency and Intersectoral Partnerships

Partnerships at Work

Interagency and Intersectoral Partnerships

Institutional Arrangements

ICM Institutional Mechanism in Batangas, Philippines

Batangas Bay Council for ICM

BCRMF

PG-ENRO MG-ENRO

Provincial Governor’s

office

Coastal city/municipalities

ProvincialDevelopment

Council

MunicipalDevelopment

Council

Coastalmunicipalities

Institutional Arrangements for Strategy Implementation in Danang, Vietnam

People’s Committee of Danang City

ICM Project Coordinating Committee

Central Government

ICM Project Management Office

Multi-disciplinary Technical Advisory

Groups

Sectors/ Departments

Research and Academic institutions

Consulting and investment

agency

Civil associations

Districts and

communes

Private sector

Coastal Strategy

Coastal Strategy of Danang City

Danang 2001

October 2001

M anil a Bay Coastal Strategy

Coastal Strategy

Consultative process favors stakeholders/partners participation

Shared vision

Long-term strategic approach ensures focus and concerted efforts to effect change

Enables partnership building

Bali Coastal Strategy

 

The Southeastern Coast of Bali is a prosperous and peaceful place for all Balinese guided by the

“Tri Hita Karana” philosophy, which balances spiritual development, economic growth, cultural

preservation and environmental protection.

Shared Vision

Interagency Partnerships – Forging Interagency Cooperation

Institutional Arrangements

Response Compensation/ Restoration

RiskAssessment

EnvironmentalMonitoring

CapacityBuilding

Environmental Management Framework

Partnerships in ICM Training

MOA between PEMSEA and Municipal Government of MOA between PEMSEA and Municipal Government of

Xiamen, in collaboration with Xiamen University and Xiamen, in collaboration with Xiamen University and

State Oceanic AdministrationState Oceanic Administration

PEMSEA Regional Center for Coastal and Marine PEMSEA Regional Center for Coastal and Marine

ManagementManagement

Partnership with Business Communities

Promotes corporate responsibility

Sharing knowledge and expertise (e.g., oil spill response

Environmental investment

Promotes compliance with environmental instruments

Inter-sectoral Partnerships

• Bataan Coastal Care Foundation– 18 national and multi-national

corporations

• Batangas Coastal Resources Management Foundation, Inc.– 21 corporations

• Manila Bay– 12 major industries and

business associations signed the Manila Bay Declaration

Promoting Promoting corporate corporate

responsibilityresponsibility

Partnerships in Environmental Monitoring in Xiamen

Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration

Environmental Monitoring Station of Xiamen

Environmental Research Center of Xiamen University

Monitoring Stations of Fujian Fishery Institute

Fujian Oceanography Research Institute

Monitoring Station of Xiamen Port

Building Alliance Towards Intergovernmental Partnerships

Declaration

Regional strategic framework

Intergovernmental Partnerships

Bohai Sea Declaration – commitment Bohai Sea Declaration – commitment of 3 provincial and 1 city government of 3 provincial and 1 city government to cooperateto cooperate

Manila Bay Declaration – Manila Bay Declaration – commitment of 4 provincial and one commitment of 4 provincial and one metropolitan government to metropolitan government to cooperatecooperate

Bohai Sea Declaration – commitment Bohai Sea Declaration – commitment of 3 provincial and 1 city government of 3 provincial and 1 city government to cooperateto cooperate

Manila Bay Declaration – Manila Bay Declaration – commitment of 4 provincial and one commitment of 4 provincial and one metropolitan government to metropolitan government to cooperatecooperate

Development of shared visions, Development of shared visions, strategies and action plansstrategies and action plans

Identification of environmental issues

Endorsement of required actions from various stakeholders

October 2001

M anil a Bay Coastal Strategy

PEMSEA Programme Steering Committee

Country participation

1996 – 11 countries 1996 – 11 countries

1999 – 11 countries 1999 – 11 countries

2002 – 12 countries 2002 – 12 countries

1995 - 10 countries 1995 - 10 countries

1994 - 5 countries 1994 - 5 countries

Funding from governments

1999 - 3.3 million USD 1999 - 3.3 million USD

2001 - 8.4 million USD 2001 - 8.4 million USD

2002 - 8.9 million USD 2002 - 8.9 million USD

Regional Network of Local Governments

Shihwa

RNLG

Strategic Framework at the Regional Level

Sustainable Development Strategy Sustainable Development Strategy for the Seas of East Asiafor the Seas of East Asia

• 5 strategies • 20 action objectives• 212 programs of actions

SDS-SEA: A Strategic Framework for Achieving a Shared Vision

Sustainable Development Strategy for the Seas of East Asia

Promotes regional cooperation for addressing environmental relationships across national boundaries

Harmonize interactions and enhance synergies between economic development and environmental management

Reinforces relationships between a healthy environment and social issues such as poverty alleviation, food security, employment and human health.

Provides platform for partnerships among countries of the region, the private sector, NGOs, academe, local communities and other members of the civil society and UN international agencies.

River Basins Draining into the East Asian Seas

The river basins that are associated with the EAS cover a total area of 6.25 million km2 and accommodate about 1.5 billion people.

The EAS serves as the catchment area of the associated upstream river basins.

Partnership should therefore extend towards the river basins of the region.

National Efforts Towards Coastal and Ocean Governance

Ocean Agenda 21 (China, South Korea)

Institutional reforms

Coastal policy (Malaysia, in preparation)

National coastal/marine policy and strategy (Philippines, in preparation)

Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Affairs (RO Korea and Indonesia)

ICM legislation (RO Korea)

Sea use legislation (China)

Regional Coordinating Mechanisms for the Implementation of the SDS-SEA

Intergovernmental partnerships

Regional Financing Mechanism for the Implementation of SDS-SEA

Multi-sector partnerships

Financing Environmental Management

Public sector

Private sector (BOT, BOO)

Public private sector partnership

Polluters pay and permit system

Carbon credit

Methane credit

Wetland trading

Others

Public Funds for Environmental Management

Subsidized sanitation and water supply facilities

Integrated cost of action programs into national or local government budget (e.g., most governments)

Polluters Pay and Use Permit System

Sea use zoning Permit system

Xiamen, China

Public Private Sector Partnerships

Environmental problemsEnvironmental problemsPollutionSiltation and sedimentationHabitat degradationetc.

Investment opportunitiesInvestment opportunitiesSolid waste management facilitySewerage systemWastewater treatmentToxic and hazardous waste facilityShore reception facility

Awareness and consensus among government units and stakeholders

Instituting policy and regulatory framework

Creating environmental investment opportunities

Public Private Sector Partnership

Investor / Contractor‘Private Sector’

Municipality‘Public Sector’

Local Contractorsand Suppliers

FinancialInvestors

NewCompany

(PPP)

shared risk – shared shared risk – shared rewardsrewards

New Challenges: WSSD

Building a stronger Public Private Sector

Partnerships appears to be the biggest challenge in

the future in achieving the Millennium Development

Goal and targets set by WSSD. The new challenge lies

in how we can effectively transform environmental

problems from being a public liability into economic

opportunities. The role of the private sector cannot be

underestimated.

Thank You

www.pemsea.org